11/81. Acute secretory travellers' diarrhoea caused by Vibrio cholerae non-01 which does not produce cholera-like or heat-stable enterotoxins. An Australian tourist suffering from severe acute watery diarrhoea and dehydration due to Vibrio cholerae non-01 was studied. The V. cholerae strain isolated from the patient belonged to serovar 05. The organism did not produce any of the conventional enterotoxins including cholera-toxin (CT) or heat-stable toxins (NAG-ST) that are known to be associated with intestinal secretion. This report suggests that toxin(s) other than CT-like or NAG-ST may be involved in the pathogenesis of diarrhoea by some V. cholerae non-01 strains. ( info) |
12/81. Concurrent infection with S.typhi and V. cholerae--a case report". An eight year old male child presented with symptoms of diarrhoea, vomiting & fever with signs of moderate dehydration. He was treated with tetracyline and fluid replacement therapy. Inspite of treatment and control of diarrhoea and vomiting patient developed gastrointestinal bleeding and tenesmus with continued fever. Deterioration in patient's condition to suspicion of another infection. High level of suspicion and appropriate microbial investigations revealed dual infection with S. typhi and V. cholerae. ( info) |
13/81. Cholera control on guam, 2000. During April, 2000, the island of Pohnpei began experiencing an outbreak of cholera and during June and July of the same year four cases of cholera representing 3 separate introduction events were identified on guam. Two of these events were associated with eating reef fish imported from Pohnpei. Following the imposition of a narrowly-focused ban on the importation of inshore seafood and processed food products from Pohnpei, no additional local or imported cases of cholera were detected on guam. ( info) |
14/81. Cholera associated with international travel, 1992. Approximately one case of cholera per week is being reported in the united states. Most of these cases have been acquired during international travel and involve persons who return to their homelands to visit family or foreign nationals visiting relatives in the united states. This report summarizes case reports from four states during 1992. ( info) |
15/81. Case report: cholera in a preterm neonate. Falling standards of sanitation resulted in the first outbreak of cholera in Lusaka, zambia, during the rainy season, February 1990. A total of 2166 cases were handled with 128 (5.9%) deaths. One hundred and eight (108) children, including one preterm neonate, were admitted to the University teaching Hospital. The neonate went to the Neonatal intensive care Unit. ( info) |
16/81. Bacteremic necrotizing fasciitis caused by Vibrio cholerae serogroup O56 in a patient with liver cirrhosis. Bacteremic necrotizing fasciitis caused by non-O1 Vibrio cholerae has rarely been reported. We describe a case of necrotizing fasciitis of the bilateral lower extremities in a 68-year-old man with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus. Cultures of blood and the debrided tissue all yielded V. cholerae serogroup non-O1 (O56). Despite extensive radical debridement and antibiotic treatment with ceftazidime and doxycycline, the patient died on the 12th hospital day due to multiple organ failure. The present case is the first report of necrotizing fasciitis and bacteremia caused by V. cholerae serogroup O56. ( info) |
17/81. Mixed diarrhoeal infection caused by Vibrio cholerae and several other enteric pathogens in a 4-year-old child returning to germany from pakistan. We report a mixed enteric infection in a 4-y-old child who returned from pakistan with fever, vomiting and profuse diarrhoea leading to severe dehydration. Vibrio cholerae O1, salmonella paratyphi a and campylobacter coli were cultured from stool. Furthermore, giardia lamblia antigen and hepatitis a rna were detected. This is the first paediatric cholera case seen in Frankfurt/Main. ( info) |
18/81. Isolation of vibriostatic agent O/129-resistant vibrio cholerae non-o1 from a patient with gastroenteritis. A strain of vibrio cholerae non-o1 was isolated from a 48-year-old male in california who presented with a chief complaint of watery diarrhea. Laboratory investigations of this strain revealed the bacterium to be resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and to the vibriostatic agent O/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine). ( info) |
19/81. Territorial waters of the Baltic Sea as a source of infections caused by vibrio cholerae non-o1, non-O139: report of 3 hospitalized cases. A fatal infection with temporal relation to 2 other febrile infections caused by vibrio cholerae non-o1, non-O139 (NCV) occurred in finland in 2003. All infections were associated with contact with seawater. The patient who died had also eaten home-salted whitefish, tested positive for NCV, preceding his symptoms. All patients had compromising factors, and all strains were distinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and negative for the ctx gene. These 3 cases illustrate that, despite being uncommon in finland, NCVs can cause clinically significant and even fatal infections. ( info) |
20/81. Two cases of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 infection after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita--louisiana, October 2005. louisiana was struck by Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005, and by Hurricane Rita on September 24, 2005. The two hurricanes caused unprecedented damage from wind and storm surge to the louisiana Gulf Coast region, and levee breaks resulted in flooding of large residential areas in and around new orleans. With the flooding, an immediate public health concern was the potential for outbreaks of infectious diseases, including cholera. Nearly all vibrio infections in the united states are caused by noncholeragenic Vibrio species (e.g., V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, and non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae). Cases of cholera rarely occur in the united states, and cholera epidemics, such as those reported in certain developing countries, are unlikely, even with the extreme flooding caused by the two hurricanes. This report describes the investigation by the louisiana Office of public health and CDC into two cases of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 infection in a louisiana couple; the cases were attributed to consumption of undercooked or contaminated seafood. Although noncholeragenic Vibrio illnesses were reported in 22 residents of louisiana and mississippi after Hurricane Katrina, no epidemic of cholera was identified, and no evidence exists of increased risk to Gulf Coast residents. ( info) |