Cases reported "Carcinoma, Small Cell"

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1/186. Small cell lung cancer accompanied by lactic acidosis and syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.

    Lactic acidosis is a rare complication in lung cancer. We report a case of lung cancer accompanied by both syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and lactic acidosis. A 70-year-old man was referred to our hospital for examination of a left hilar mass shadow on a chest x-ray film. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was demonstrated by brushing the bronchial mucosa of the left lower lobe bronchus. His laboratory data showed SIADH and lactic acidosis that were probably due to SCLC. Fluid restriction improved SIADH, and combination chemotherapy for SCLC improved the lactic acidosis although the tumor size did not change.
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2/186. Pulmonary small cell carcinoma associated with sarcoid reactions: report of a case.

    A 45-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for investigation of a nodular shadow in segment 5 of the right lung on a chest computed tomogram. A right middle lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed under a diagnosis of lung cancer, and histologic examination confirmed small cell carcinoma. There were sarcoid reactions in the resected lymph nodes and the lung parenchyma, but no signs of systemic sarcoidosis were evident. Sarcoid reactions are rarely observed in the regional lymph nodes draining malignant tumors. Moreover, while they are most common in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, they extremely rare in small cell carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is only the third report of this unusual entity in the English and Japanese literature.
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3/186. Primary advanced gastric small cell carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

    We report a 73-yr-old man with primary advanced gastric small cell carcinoma, pure type. A large, Borrman type I tumor was located from the cardia to the entire gastric fundus and upper body. Atypical cells showed a round nucleus, small nucleolus, dense to granular chromatin, and scant cytoplasm. The histological findings indicates an advanced stage and exposure to the gastric serosa. Mitotic figures were observed. There was a proliferation of a sheet-like, solid pattern, but no rosette-like, sqamoid, or glandular patterns. The neoplastic cells were positive for Leu-7 (CD57) and 123C3 (CD56, neural cell adhesion molecule, NCAM) on the surface membrane. We diagnosed this case as primary advanced gastric small cell carcinoma, pure type, and report that Leu-7 and 123C3 monoclonal antibodies are useful markers for gastric small cell carcinoma. The 32 previously reported cases of gastric small cell carcinoma are also reviewed.
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keywords = upper
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4/186. A case of synchronous double primary lung cancer with neuroendocrine features.

    We report a case of unique double primary lung cancers with neuroendocrine features in a 63-year-old male smoker. The mass in the left lower lobe (LLL) was a small cell/large cell carcinoma with spindle cell sarcomatous areas and organoid structure. The mass in the left upper lobe (LUL) was a tubular adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine features including organoid nests showing occasional rosette formation, nuclear palisading in the periphery of the nests and positive immunoreaction for CD56, chromogranin a and synaptophysin. The difference in histological structures between the two masses led us to diagnose double primary lung cancer. The combination of small cell lung carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma is very uncommon. The relationship between LLL and LUL tumors remains unclear. Multiple lung cancers with neuroendocrine features have only rarely been reported in the literature. The patient in our case died of widespread cancer 2 years and 4 months after the surgery without adjuvant chemotherapy, a longer postoperative survival time than in cases of ordinary extensive small cell lung cancer. Multiple lung cancers with neuroendocrine features are extremely rare and similar cases have not been reported in the literature. Neuroendocrine differentiation has attracted widespread attention and, therefore, examining neuroendocrine features in lung cancers is important.
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5/186. Radiotherapy for adrenal gland metastasis from lung cancer: report of three cases.

    Adrenal gland metastasis is often observed during the clinical course of patients with lung cancer. However, treatment of adrenal gland metastasis is seldom considered because of the systemic spread of the disease. Treatment with curative intent is very rare, but palliative treatment may sometimes be considered when symptoms such as flank pain are observed. Three cases of adrenal gland metastasis were reported. Two of them received surgery for lung cancer and developed a sole metastasis of the adrenal gland. Case 1 developed a sole left adrenal gland metastasis with left flank pain 14 months after surgery for large cell carcinoma of the lung. Curative radiotherapy after intra-arterial chemotherapy was given. A good response was obtained, and he has been alive for 2 years and 9 months. Case 2 developed a right adrenal gland metastasis after radiotherapy for brain metastasis, after having received right upper lobectomy because of SCLC. The increase in the size of the right adrenal gland led us to treat the lesion before symptoms developed. Radiotherapy was given on an outpatient basis. Case 3, who was previously treated with chemoradiotherapy for SCLC, developed brain, liver, and bilateral adrenal gland metastasis. Huge adrenal gland metastases displaced the pancreas and caused severe pain with the increase in serum amylase level. Concurrent radiotherapy with systemic chemotherapy was given and remarkable shrinkage of the adrenal gland metastases was obtained together with pain relief. Cases 2 and 3 died after 8 and 4 months, respectively. In some cases, radiotherapy for adrenal gland metastasis is a good palliative therapy even in the advanced stage patients. Radiotherapy can sometimes curatively treat adrenal metastasis from NSCLC, as in our Case 1, in which adrenalectomy appeared difficult at the time of recurrence.
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6/186. Differential uptake of TI-201 by small-cell lung cancer in a patient with pneumoconiosis-related pulmonary nodules.

    A 68-year-old man with pneumoconiosis was thought to have small-cell lung cancer based on the results of a biopsy of a bone tumor. Three pulmonary nodules were observed on a chest radiograph. Compared with a chest radiograph taken 4 months earlier, one of the nodules had grown. It was difficult to differentiate this nodule from pneumoconiosis-related benign pulmonary nodules from the appearance on the chest radiograph and CT. Ga-67 scintigraphy and TI-201 lung SPECT were performed to characterize these nodules. TI-201 SPECT showed differential high uptake in the enlarged nodule, whereas Ga-67 scintigraphy showed equally intense uptake in all these nodules. Transbronchial biopsy of the nodule that showed high TI-201 uptake revealed cancer cell nests against a background of interstitial fibrosis. The pathologic diagnosis was small-cell lung cancer that had developed in lung scar tissue. This case suggests the utility of TI-201 in scintigraphic assessments of pneumoconiosis-related pulmonary nodules when lung cancer is suspected.
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ranking = 3.0219712288114
keywords = chest, back
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7/186. Immunofluorescent analysis of antibodies against neurons in the case of paraneoplastic syndrome.

    The authors report clinical and neuropathological findings especially immunofluorescent detection of antineuronal antibodies in the case of paraneoplastic syndrome in course of the small-cell lung carcinoma. The clinical symptoms, observed in 48-year-old woman, covered bilateral pyramidal syndrome, cerebellar syndrome, myasthenic syndrome and impairment of the cranial nerves. Neuropathological investigation revealed paraneoplastic encephalopathy in the form of encephalitis. Immunofluorescent analysis showed brightly fluorescent neurons standing out against a dull background.
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8/186. Small cell carcinoma of the bladder. Two cases diagnosed by urinary cytology.

    BACKGROUND: Primary small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a rare but important entity. We report two cases of SCC of the bladder diagnosed by urinary cytology. CASES: A 71-year-old male (case 1) and a 79-year-old female (case 2) presented with asymptomatic gross hematuria. Urinary cytology in case 1 showed the presence of a few undifferentiated malignant small cells and many transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cells with a bloody and necrotic background. The former cells were small and round, with naked, hyperchromatic nuclei and finely granular chromatin. Pathologic diagnosis after total cystectomy was TCC > SCC > adenocarcinoma, T2M0N0. Urinary cytology of case 2 showed the presence of many undifferentiated malignant small cells and many TCC cells with or without squamous metaplasia. Cytologic features of the former cells were almost the same as those in case 1. Moreover, these cells were neuroendocrine marker positive by immunocytochemistry. Pathologic diagnosis after tumor resection was SCC and TCC > squamous cell carcinoma, T1b. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of primary SCC of the bladder is usually poor. Because our cases were found by urinary cytology at a relatively early stage, both have been well, without any evidence of recurrence, 30 and 25 months after surgery even without adjuvant therapy.
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9/186. Metastasis from small cell carcinoma of the lung producing acute appendicitis.

    A case of acute gangrenous appendicitis with perforation caused by metastatic small cell carcinoma of the lung in a 65 year old man is reported. The manifestation of appendicitis occurred more than 4 years after the diagnosis of the bronchogenic carcinoma. With longer survival of patients with disseminated tumors it is probable that new manifestations of those malignancies will be discovered. Acute appendicitis due to metastasis from a distant neoplasm should be considered in the differential diagnosis of right lower abdominal pain in the oncology patient.
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ranking = 0.59925167245108
keywords = abdominal pain
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10/186. Response to combined modality treatment in a five-year survivor of extensive small cell lung cancer with severe complications.

    We present a rare case of a five-year survivor of small cell lung cancer with severe complications who responded to combined modality treatment. Prior to initial chemotherapy, he experienced severe complications including sepsis, pneumonia, ileus, and a performance status of 4. He was treated with an ileus tube and IVH, and was managed by mechanical ventilation for four days. After his general condition improved, he received combination chemotherapy of carboplatin, with the target area under the plasma concentration versus the time curve (AUC) of 5 mg x min/ml day 1, and etoposide (80 mg/m2) on days 1, 2, 3 for four courses, and complete remission (CR) was obtained. Six months later, systemic relapse occurred, but he achieved complete remission again with nine courses of CODE (cisplatin, vincristine, adriamycin, and etoposide) chemotherapy and sequential chest radiotherapy. Five years after the initial chemotherapy, the patient is alive and disease free.
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