1/4. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: report of two cases and a discussion of clinicopathology.Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is a recently delineated but poorly recognized form of multifocal leukoplakia that is premalignant and of unproven origin. PVL generally presents as a simple benign form of hyperkeratosis that tends to spread and become diffuse. Although slow-growing, the disease is persistent and irreversible. Clinically, PVL often presents as an exophytic wart-like form of leukoplakia that appears to be resistant to nearly all forms of therapy. PVL of the oral cavity is best-defined as a continuum of oral epithelial disease with hyperkeratosis at one end of a clinical and microscopic spectrum and verrucous carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma at the other. The microscopic findings associated with PVL are dependent on the stage of the disease and the adequacy of the biopsy. Microscopic findings can be markedly variable. PVL is a clinicopathologic disorder that includes the microscopic entity known as verrucous hyperplasia as a component of its histopathologic progression. This article reports on two cases of PVL, describes the clinicopathology of the disease process, and presents therapeutic and etiologic considerations.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hyperplasia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/4. Intraoral melanoma: long-term follow-up and implication for dental clinicians. A case report and literature review.Primary intraoral melanoma is a rare neoplasm with a poor prognosis, accounting for 1% to 8% of all melanoma in europe and the united states. The incidence (12%) and 5-year survival rate (17.4%) are higher in japan. We report a case of oral lentiginous melanoma in a Japanese-American man who survived disease-free for more than 5 years after surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy but developed chronic mucositis of the palate under the denture in the primary radiated field. This lesion responded to antifungal therapy. Subsequent multiple biopsies ruled out the recurrence of melanoma but demonstrated prolonged melanocytic hyperplasia and focal epithelial atypia. We reviewed clinical differences in oral melanoma reported in the united states and Japanese literature, and describe the wide variety of oral clinical features of postoperative radiation and chemotherapy, as well as the oral tissue changes caused by denture-induced mucositis and candidiasis in such patients. Dental clinicians should conduct a thorough head, neck, and oral follow-up with increased vigilance in patients with a history of prior cancer.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hyperplasia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/4. Oral papillary plasmacytosis resembling candidosis without demonstrable fungus in lesional tissue.Two cases with exuberant papillary and nodular hyperplasia of the hard and soft palates are described. Both were elderly edentulous men with bilateral angular stomatitis. The papillary hyperplasia extended as far as the epiglottis and was associated with swelling and fissuring of the upper lip in patient 1. In patient 2, the palatal change extended to the maxillary gingiva and was associated with smooth plaques and fissuring of the dorsal tongue. histology of both cases showed a dense polyclonal plasma-cell infiltrate with overlying epithelial hyperplasia, parakeratinization and neutrophil micro-abscesses suggesting candida infection but fungal elements could not be demonstrated. Patient 1 also showed defective cellular immunity to candida antigen which was reversed by treatment with ketoconazole and levamisole, antedating clinical improvement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = hyperplasia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/4. carcinoma of the dorsum of the tongue: a rarity or misdiagnosis.Benign lesions occurring on the dorsum of the tongue have at times been diagnosed as carcinoma. A retrospective investigation into the problem is described and the clinical and histological difficulties that arise in the diagnosis of these lesions are discussed. It is concluded that the occurrence of primary carcinoma on the dorsum of the tongue is a rare entity. It may be erroneously diagnosed in cases of median rhomboid glossitis, granular cell myoblastoma and any other lesion associated with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. These conditions should always be considered when examining lesions in this location. Histological diagnosis, although difficult, is greatly facilitated by good biopsy technique but, above all, good liaison between surgeon, radiotherapist and pathologist is essential if these mistakes in diagnosis are to be avoided.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hyperplasia (Clic here for more details about this article) |