The Respiratory System? Multiple Choice Question?

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Which statement best describes the human respiratory system?

1. It is composed of a network of moist passageways that permit air to flow from the external environment to the lungs.
2. Each cell of the human body is in direct contact with the external environment, and gas exchange occurs by diffusion
3. The external body surface is kept moist to allow for gas exchange.
4. Gases diffuse across membranes on both the external and internal surfaces of the body.

thank you very much
an answer with an explanation would be much appreciated
its for homework!
I would say # 1 is the best answer, but hardly complete. The respiratory system interacts with every cell of every organ in the human body.

# 2 is wrong because not every cell in the human body is in direct contact with the external environment, but gas exchange DOES occur by diffusion.

#3 is wrong because gas exchange does not occur on the external body surface.

#4 is wrong because there is no external respiration taking place on the human body.  (+ info)

How do you boost your immune system to fight off a cold, allergy, or flu if you have an autoimmune disease?

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Am writing a school paper about multiple sclerosis, so if you can relate your answer to MS, that would be awesome. I am very puzzled: The immune system is misidentifying myelin as a foreign invader, so if you "feed" nutrition to the immune system to fight off a virus or pollen, for example, doesn't it also increase the autoimmune response that destroys the myelin sheath?
i think you should really do a research paper on the credibility of the theory of autoimmune diseases. are they really the cause of the immune system fighting the body?

autoimmune diseases are kind of controversial.  (+ info)

Why does my child need multiple injections of the same vaccines?

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My child is supposed to get multiple injections of the same vaccines at 2, 4 and 6 months. When six shots are given at the same time, it's awful painful and (seemingly) cruel to my baby. What makes the child immune system so different that one shot of one vaccine isn't enough for years?
I think you are focusing on the wrong point. You might try finding out which vaccine specifically your child is getting. For example, the vaccine for tetanus requires a booster every 10 years but the vaccine for Heppatitis B requires 3 different shots spaced about 2 months apart (something like that). It's not so much about the physiology of the patient as the immunization itself.

-HOWEVER-

Children have under-developed (or you might say immature/developing) immune systems. It is possible that he/she doesn't have the ability to withstand a single injection. I don't know what the actual mechanism is in this case but I am sure about the immune system in children. Ask your doctor, he/she will probably explain it to you.

Good luck.  (+ info)

Why does multiple sclerosis effects our immune system?????? ?

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if u have M.S. and it's effecting ur immune system. What should u do.
MS is an autoimmune disease. The genetics part is that a parent may pass on the predisposition for an autoimmune disease to their child. Doesn't mean it will be passed on. Doesn't mean that if that predisposition is passed on that anything (like a virus) will ever trigger the autoimmune response. And there's no way of knowing which autoimmune disease will occur if the response is triggered.

In MS the body's immune system attacks the myelin, the substance that insulates the nerves and helps transmits nerve impulses. MS symptoms depend on which nerves are affected.

Treatment goals for MS are to reduce the number of attacks, improve recovery from attacks, slow MS's progression, and relieve complications due to the loss of function (i.e. numbness, weakness, loss of muscle coordination, problems with vision, speech, bladder control, etc.).

Here's a easy to understand article http://www.medicinenet.com/multiple_sclerosis/article.htm
I also like the "MS for Dummies" book. For me MS was the devil I knew since my mom and aunt have it. But the book was a good reference for my husband. Plus there were tips I hadn't heard of or thought about.  (+ info)

What are motor skills, and why does multiple sclerosis affect it?

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I understand that MS does cause a person's motor skills to be off whack, but why? Does it have something to do with lesions in the brain? The nervous system?
A good explanation of the de-myelenation is to think of the nerves in your brain as an an electrical cord. The plastic/rubber that protects us from touching the electricity inside the cord is the "myelin sheath." In MS the immune system attacks this 'rubber' coating around your nerves and makes holes in it. The electrical impulses then escape through the opening. The nerve impulses don't travel properly down the affected"cord" and basically your brain isn't able to transmit the proper messages to your muscles. The reason MS can go into remission is because your body can naturally (to a certain extent), repair this coating around the nerves, but not always back to 100%. Sometimes the MS is just so bad the body doesn't have the time or the ability to try and repair itself. I believe that the scar that is left after the body repairs the hole is called a sclerosis and that's where multiple sclerosis gets its name.  (+ info)

What is the best and fastest way to build up the cardiovascular system?

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I need multiple views & approaches.
elliptical machines

5 days a week

The schedule :

day 1 : 14 % (of the total time in the week)
day 2 : 18 %
day 3 : 30 %
day 4 : 16 %
day 5 : 22 %

Good luck !  (+ info)

My mom has severe multiple sclerosis and now flu, how much more seriously should i take her flue than normal?

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I'm calling the doctor in the morning, but i was wondering what i should be doing as of now? we gave her fever reducer, but i'm getting worried. my dad says we will see how she is in the morning, but i know her immune system is weaker than normal and am worried. any advice for now?
Also be aware that fever can cause a pseudoflair in MS patients. The MS symptoms, especially fatigue and weakness can increase, but subsides when the fever breaks. Personally, overheating with hot showers and work/exercise don't bother me but any little bit of fever wipes me out.  (+ info)

Multiple Sclerosis, is it really a combination of illnesses?

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I read somewhere it's as hard to define MS as it is to find a cure, in that a list of possible diagnosis are checked before actually arriving at MS. I have also heard claims that symptoms can be reversed. Can the immune system be boosted somehow to keep a sufferer more comfortable? There's so much I want to ask. I have recently come to know a sufferer who is wheelchair bound but so positive that it makes me feel really humble and selfish. I can research yeh, but does anyone have first hand experience with a friend or relative suffering from MS that can tell me something the text books cant?
my friends daughter has suffered this from 17 she is fine one minute and rushed in hospital the next she has two children now and is marvellous she has so much courage . another friends husband was also in a wheelchair and has now passed away the difference in the two is unbelievable yet both diagnosed with this terrible crippling disease  (+ info)

How many times should you get a flu shot for h1n1?My immune system is not good.?

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What's the number of days in between before you get another shot if youre required to get multiple shots.
Currently there is no immunization for the H1N1 flu, only Influenza. Getting the flu shot more than once will not make you more immune. A dead strain of the flu is injected into the body so your white blood cells will have a "memory" for it; if you actually get the flu your body will know how to fight it off.  (+ info)

Can different multiple infections be linked to one illness?

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I keep getting infections. I'm not dirty or anything I am constantly washing my hands and everything but within two months I've had some kind of throat infection, pink eye, and now I have a MRSA (staph infection). In October I also had mono and I'm just always tired. Could all these infections be linked to one illness? Or could this all be because of mono? Or do I just have a weak immune system?
Have you had your spleen removed?
You might need to start eating healthier but yes it may be a naturally weakened immune system. Certain medications such as any form of steroids can also lower your immune system and allow infections to run a little more rampant than the average joe.

Have you discussed this with your doctor? Usually they will do bloodwork for you. It would be interesting to know if he can find anything out that way.

Might need to start eating healthier, sometimes its just that your body is not getting enough vitamins and nutrients to function at its best  (+ info)

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