1/10. central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis following allogeneic stem cell transplantation.Tuberculosis is an uncommon infectious complication after stem cell transplantation. We report a patient who presented with a brain mass, 3 months after pulmonary tuberculosis had been diagnosed and while he was receiving triple antituberculous therapy. He had extensive chronic GVHD. The diagnosis was made after biopsy of the lesion. The cerebral mass was excised, antituberculous treatment was maintained and the patient made a complete neurologic recovery. Six months later, he died of gram-negative septic shock. Mycobacterial infections should be considered in allograft recipients with chronic GVHD and solid lesions in the brain. bone marrow transplantation (2000) 25, 567-569.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Fatal mycobacterium tuberculosis brain abscess in an immunocompetent patient.A non-hiv-infected 63-y-old woman presented seizures and coma during the course of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Computerized tomography scan led to the diagnosis of a large compressive brain abscess. The patient died with multiorgan failure. Systematic central nervous system investigations should be done in cases of disseminated tuberculosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.99003051338638keywords = central nervous system, nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. Intracranial and spinal tuberculosis requiring neurosurgical intervention. The Wellington Hospital experience 1998-2001.AIMS: To describe the Wellington Neurosurgical Unit's recent experience of managing tuberculosis between January 1998 and January 2001. methods: patients with microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis of the central nervous system and whose management included surgery are described. Personal recall and review of the hospital records were used to extract relevant data. RESULTS: Five patients were identified. As well as involvement of the brain parenchyma, meninges, spinal cord or spinal column, all had evidence of tuberculosis elsewhere. All but one patient deteriorated neurologically after being started on antituberculous chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The number of patients presenting with neurotuberculosis appears to have increased recently in the Wellington region. The high proportion of paradoxical progression in our series is unusual. Neurosurgical intervention may be required for diagnosis, to treat hydrocephalus, or to relieve mass effect. Management is prolonged and often complex, and close co-operation is required between the neurosurgical team and a physician experienced in the management of tuberculosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.92422786375689keywords = central nervous system, nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Congenital tuberculosis with facial nerve palsy.Congenital tuberculosis is unusual, and central nervous system involvement is even more rare. We report a case of congenital tuberculosis presenting with facial palsy and purulent otorrhea.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.90777720134952keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Multiple tuberculous brain abscesses in an hiv-infected patient successfully treated with HAART and antituberculous treatment.Tuberculous brain abscesses (TBA) are an unusual clinical presentation of central nervous system tuberculosis occurring extremely infrequently in developed countries, and almost always in immunocompromised patients. Before the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), TBA were associated with a high mortality rate in AIDS patients. We describe an hiv-infected patient presenting with multiple TBA who recovered completely with a combination of HAART and anti-tuberculous treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.99003051338638keywords = central nervous system, nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. Tuberculous otitis media with mastoiditis and central nervous system involvement.Tuberculosis of the middle ear and mastoid is currently a rare disease in developed countries, but this disease still occurs and may cause serious consequences. We report a case of disseminated tuberculosis involving the middle ear, mastoid, lung and central nervous system. Tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic ear drainage, especially in young children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.5388860067476keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. Intramedullary tuberculoma mimicking primary CNS lymphoma.The incidence of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) has been on the rise in the setting of immunodeficiency syndromes such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Its diagnosis has been facilitated by the advent of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) PCR assay. The reported high sensitivity and specificity of this assay has made it the cornerstone of diagnosis of PCNSL, replacing more traditional methods such as an open CNS biopsy. Here, we have described a patient with a known history of C3 AIDS presenting with lower extremity weakness and eventual myelopathy who was later diagnosed as having intramedullary PCNSL after detection of EBV dna in his CSF. After failing to respond to radiotherapy, he underwent a spinal cord biopsy revealing intramedullary tuberculoma. This case illustrates the risk of misdiagnosis with this assay and the importance of histological confirmation of a pathological lesion prior to implementation of therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.90777720134952keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. Tuberculous brain abscess in AIDS patients: report of three cases and literature review.OBJECTIVE: Clinical description of tuberculous brain abscess in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). methods: Clinical case report and review of the literature from January 1981 to January 2003 using the medline database. RESULTS: The authors report three cases of tuberculous brain abscess in AIDS patients and review nine similar cases. The mean age was 30 years (range: 18-56 years) with seven patients being male. Five (42%) were intravenous drug users, had prior history of extra-cerebral tuberculosis, and presented alterations on chest radiograph. tuberculin skin test was anergic in six (75%) of eight patients. Three patients of nine had a CD4 cell count higher than 200 cells/microL, and three had a CD4 cell count lower than 100 cells/microl. All but one patient had a brain computerized tomography scan with a single lesion. All patients received anti-tuberculous treatment and underwent surgical procedures. Most patients (75%) showed appropriate clinical responses. CONCLUSION: Tuberculous brain abscess must be considered in the differential diagnosis of intracranial mass in AIDS patients. A careful epidemiological, clinical and laboratory evaluation may guide a diagnostic suspicion. Surgery combined with specific anti-tuberculosis treatment seems to determine a good outcome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.13160529925897keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. An intradural extramedullary tuberculoma of the spinal cord in a non-hiv-infected patient: case report and review of the literature.Spinal tuberculomas are extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis involving the central nervous system. They are characterized as extradural, intradural extramedullary, or intradural, according to their location. Intradural extramedullary tuberculomas are extremely rare. There have been only 24 case reports found in English language literature. Our case is the only documented intradural extramedullary tuberculoma in a non-hiv-infected patient in north america. A literature review using a medline search from 1966 to the present is performed to characterize the clinical spectrum of the three types of tuberculomas and review the diagnosis and management of this potentially curable disease. An analysis of the cases of intradural extramedullary tuberculomas published since 1984 is performed to highlight the unique characteristics of this rare disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.90777720134952keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Ocular tuberculosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.PURPOSE: To present the clinical, histopathological, and molecular biologic findings in fifteen cases of ocular tuberculosis (TB) in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN: Retrospective, observational, noncomparative case series of hiv-infected patients with ophthalmic complaints and/or with advanced disease (CD4 cell count < 200), seen between the years 1993 to 2005 at tertiary care ophthalmic and AIDS care hospitals. methods: Each patient underwent a complete ophthalmic examination and relevant laboratory and radiologic investigations and was treated accordingly. The study was carried out in this cohort to describe the ocular manifestations of TB. The main outcome measures were to describe the clinical course histopathologic and molecular biologic features of ocular lesions attributable to tuberculosis in AIDS patients in our center. RESULTS: Ocular TB was seen in 15 (1.95%) out of 766 consecutive cases of hiv/AIDS. Nineteen eyes of 15 patients were affected. Four cases (26.66%) had bilateral presentation. Presentations of ocular TB included choroidal granulomas in 10 eyes (52.63%), subretinal abscess in seven eyes (36.84%), worsening to panophthalmitis in three eyes, conjunctival tuberculosis, and panophthalmitis each in one eye (5.26%). All cases had evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Coexistent central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis was seen in two cases and one case had abdominal tuberculosis. CD4 cell counts were done in 14 patients; the count ranged from 14 to 560 cells/microl--mean 160.85 cells/microl. CONCLUSIONS: Ocular TB in AIDS is relatively rare and can occur even at CD4 cell counts greater than 200 cells/microl. It can have varied presentations with severe sight-threatening complications.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.90777720134952keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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