1/4. Athetoid cerebral palsy with cysts in the putamen after hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.Three cases of athetoid cerebral palsy after hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) are reported. All three neonates had haemorrhagic lesions in the basal ganglia and thalami on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Prior cranial ultrasound had detected the lesions in only two cases. In all three children athetoid movements began within the first year of life. Follow up MRI scans showed bilateral symmetrical cystic lesions in the posterior putamen. Although haemorrhagic lesions within the basal ganglia are a common MRI finding in neonates with HIE, few of these babies develop athetoid cerebral palsy. We believe this to be the first report of discrete cystic lesions found in the basal ganglia of children with athetoid cerebral palsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = putamen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/4. aphasia after left hemispheric intracerebral hemorrhage.The function of subcortical nuclear structures in language is uncertain, and language disorders after injury to these structures are described incompletely. We report 15 patients with left putaminal or thalamic hemorrhage, describe the range of language and behavioral disorders produced, and review the potential mechanisms of these disorders. Clinicoanatomic correlations revealed no definite differences between aphasia after hemorrhage in putamen or in thalamus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = putamen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/4. Value of ultrasound for identification of acute hemorrhagic necrosis of thalamus and basal ganglia in an asphyxiated term infant.An infant with profound intrapartum and postpartum asphyxia demonstrated striking bilateral echodensities in the region of the thalamus and basal ganglia on ultrasound scan. Neuropathological examination confirmed the presence of symmetrical areas of hemorrhagic necrosis involving the thalamus, caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus. The findings demonstrate the value of ultrasonography in the identification of this variety of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = putamen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/4. Acute dystonia with thalamic and brainstem lesions after initial penicillamine treatment in Wilson's disease.dystonia is a common manifestation in Wilson's disease (WD). The striatum, especially the putamen, has been considered to be responsible for dystonia. We reported 3 patients who developed acute generalized dystonia and akinetic rigid syndrome following an initial therapy with d-penicillamine 125-500 mg daily. brain MRI revealed lesions in the thalamus and the brainstem, particularly the tegmentum, and the basis pontis in addition to the basal ganglion lesions. After the episode, 1 patient continued to receive d-penicillamine therapy and 2 changed to zinc sulfate treatment. The generalized dystonia improved in the following 3 months and 3 years respectively in 2 patients. Follow-up brain MRI of these 2 patients revealed that the lesions in the thalamus and brainstem disappeared or resolved almost completely. From these data, acute generalized dystonia with brainstem and thalamic lesions may occur in WD patients after an initial d-penicillamine therapy. Furthermore, the dystonia may resolve following the disappearance of the brainstem and thalamic lesions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = putamen (Clic here for more details about this article) |