1/51. Lumbar intraspinal synovial cysts of different etiologies: diagnosis by CT and MR imaging.Intraspinal synovial cysts arises from a facet joint and may cause radicular symptoms due to nerve root compression. In the present study, three surgically and histologically proved cases of synovial cyst of the lumbar spine with different etiology are described. The purpose of this report is to illustrate the imaging features of various etiologies of intraspinal synovial cysts allowing a correct preoperative diagnosis. review of the literature enables us to say that to our knowledge, there is no reported article collecting the imaging findings of intraspinal synovial cysts with different etiologies. Only single cases with rheumatoid arthritic or traumatic origin have been reported to date. We believe that computed tomography and particularly magnetic resonance imaging are the methods of choice which provide the most valuable diagnostic information.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/51. Nerve root herniation secondary to lumbar puncture in the patient with lumbar canal stenosis. A case report.STUDY DESIGN: A very rare case of nerve root herniation secondary to lumbar puncture is reported. OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristic clinical features of this case and to discuss a mechanism of the nerve root herniation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There has been no previous report of nerve root herniation secondary to lumbar puncture. methods: A 66-year-old woman who experienced intermittent claudication as a result of sciatic pain on her right side was evaluated by radiography and magnetic resonance imaging, the results of which demonstrated central-type canal stenosis at L4-L5. The right sciatic pain was exacerbated after lumbar puncture. myelography and subsequent computed tomography showed marked stenosis of the thecal sac that was eccentric to the left, unlike the previous magnetic resonance imaging finding. RESULTS: At surgery, a herniated nerve root was found through a small rent of the dorsocentral portion of the thecal sac at L4-L5, presenting a loop with epineural bleeding. The herniated nerve root was put back into the intrathecal space, and the dural tear was repaired. CONCLUSION: Lumbar puncture can be a cause of nerve root herniation in cases of lumbar canal stenosis. The puncture should not be carried out at an area of stenosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/51. ligamentum flavum hematoma in the lumbar spine.A patient who presented with symptoms suggestive of nerve root compression secondary to an extradural mass was found to have a hematoma in the ligamentum flavum. Pathological examination of surgical specimens revealed an old hemorrhage, and hemosiderin deposits around organized granulation tissue within the ligamentum flavum. Vessels within the ligamentum flavum had, presumably, ruptured during minor trauma when the patient stood up.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/51. Acute cauda equina syndrome caused by a gas-containing prolapsed intervertebral disk.Gas production as a part of disk degeneration can occur, but it rarely causes clinical nerve compression syndromes. A rare case of gaseous degeneration in a prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disk causing acute cauda equina syndrome is described. Radiologic features and intraoperative findings are reported. A 78-year-old woman with severe lumbar canal stenosis had acute cauda equina syndrome. magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large disk protrusion, and she underwent an urgent operation for this. Surgery confirmed the severe lumbar canal stenosis, but the disk prolapse contained gas that had caused the nerve compression.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/51. Sterile, benign radiculitis associated with lumbosacral lateral recess spinal canal stenosis: evaluation with enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.Two cases of symptomatic lumbar lateral recess stenosis are described in which the compressed nerve root became focally enhanced on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies performed with gadolinium dtpa. Two men with low back pain and lumbar radiculopathy were examined with contrast-enhanced MRI studies, which showed intradural enhancement of the symptomatic nerve roots. In selected cases of lateral recess stenosis, focal radicular injury may be visualized on enhanced MRI as a result of a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/51. Iliopsoas hematoma with femoral neuropathy presenting a diagnostic dilemma after spinal decompression.STUDY DESIGN: Case report of an iliopsoas hematoma with femoral neuropathy appearing 8 weeks after a posterior spinal decompression procedure. OBJECTIVES: To describe a potential complication and differential diagnosis for nerve root symptoms following spinal decompression. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Iliopsoas hematoma is usually a complication of anticoagulation, hemophilia, or trauma. It has not been described previously as a complication of posterior spinal decompression. femoral neuropathy results from compression within the iliopsoas compartment. methods: A 53-year-old woman reported pain in the right side of her groin and an increasing fixed flexion deformity of the right hip 8 weeks after a posterior, midline, spinal decompression. A femoral neuropathy later developed. magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography were performed. RESULTS: Imaging studies demonstrated a diffusely enlarged iliopsoas. Exploration revealed a large hematoma, which was evacuated. The compartment was fully decompressed with resolution of the nerve root symptoms within 48 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Iliopsoas pathology is a rare cause of nerve root symptoms and presented diagnostic difficulties after an apparently successful spinal decompression.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/51. Stenosis of the cervical canal in craniodiaphyseal dysplasia.Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia (CDD) is a rare sclerosing bone disorder, the severity of which depends on its phenotypic expression. hyperostosis can cause progressive foraminal stenosis leading to palsy of cranial nerves, epilepsy and mental retardation. We report the only case of CDD in an adult, with stenosis of the cervical canal leading to quadriparesis as a late complication of hyperostosis, and describe the problems associated with its treatment. Although the syndrome is rare, its pathophysiological and therapeutic considerations may be applicable to the management of stenosis of the spinal canal in other hyperostotic bone disorders.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/51. The role of acute decompression and restoration of spinal alignment in the prevention of post-traumatic syringomyelia: case report and review of recent literature.STUDY DESIGN: Case report. INTRODUCTION: Acute post-traumatic syringomyelia formation after spinal cord injury has been considered a rare complication. At this writing, most recent reports have surfaced in neurosurgical journals. As an entity, post-traumatic syringomyelia has not been widely appreciated. It has been confused with conditions such as Hansen's disease or ulnar nerve compression at the cubital tunnel. One study also demonstrated that the occurrence of syrinx is significantly correlated with spinal stenosis after treatment, and that an inadequate reduction of the spine may lead to the formation of syrinx. This reported case describes a patient in whom post-traumatic syringomyelia began to develop 3 weeks after injury, which improved neurologically after adequate decompression. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A 30-year-old man sustained a 20-foot fall at work. He presented with a complete spinal cord injury below T4 secondary to a T4 fracture dislocation. The patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation of T1-T8. After 3 weeks, the patient was noted to have ascending weakness in his bilateral upper extremities and some clawing of both hands. methods: A computed tomography myelogram demonstrated inability of contrast to pass through the T4-T5 region from a lumbar puncture. An incomplete reduction was noted. The canal showed significant stenosis. A magnetic resonance image of the patient's C-spine showed increased signal in the substance of the cord extending into the C1-C2 area. The patient returned to the operating room for T3-T5 decompressive laminectomy and posterolateral decompression including the pedicles, disc, and posterior aspect of the body. Intraoperative ultrasound monitoring showed a good flow of cerebrospinal fluid past the injured segment. RESULTS: On postoperative day 1, the clawing posture of the patient's hands was significantly diminished, and the patient noted an immediate improvement in his hand and arm strength. Over the next few days, the patient's strength in the bilateral upper extremities increased to motor Grade 4/5 on manual testing. A magnetic resonance image 4 weeks after decompression showed significant improvement in the cord diameter and signal. CONCLUSIONS: Post-traumatic syringomyelia has not been reported at so early a stage after injury. This disorder is an important clinical entity that must be recognized to prevent potentially fatal or devastating complications. As evidenced by the reported patient and the literature, if this disorder is discovered and treated early, permanent deficit can be avoided. The prevention of post-traumatic syringomyelia requires anatomic realignment and stabilization of the spine without stenosis, even in the case of complete injuries, to maintain the proper dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid flow.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/51. Nerve root compression by a gas-containing cyst associated with stenotic lateral recess. Case report and review of the literature.The authors describe a case in which a gas-containing cyst was associated with a stenotic lateral recess at the same level in the absence of any disc material. A young man presented a one-month history of sciatica caused by compression of the left L5 nerve root. The neuroradiological investigations performed (CT, MRI) showed the presence of a gas-containing cyst associated with a stenotic lateral recess. The clinical, etiopathological characteristics and treatment of this condition are discussed and the pertinent literature is reviewed. decompression of the nerve root was obtained by surgery. The herniated gas collected within a capsule (gas-containing cyst) can act as a mass and produce symptoms, much like a herniated nucleus pulposus. The antalgic stance adopted by the patient with marked flexion of the spine helps to distribute the pressure exerted by the cyst over a wider area (Pascal's law I). The appropriate procedure to relieve the radicular compression caused by gas-containing cyst seemed to be the surgical treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/51. Lumbar canal stenosis caused by hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament: case report.STUDY DESIGN: This is a case report of a patient with hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament (HPLL) in the lumbar spine, with assessment of operative treatment and a 10-year follow-up using magnetic resonance imaging. OBJECTIVES: To report on the long-term outcome of a case of lumbar HPLL, to review the literature on case reports of HPLL, and to outline the pathology of HPLL in the lumbar spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There have been several reports of HPLL in the cervical spine and thoracic spine. However, the authors found no reports of this condition in the lumbar spine and no reports of long-term follow-up. Two types of pathology are associated with HPLL: primary hypertrophy of the ligament and secondary hypertrophy associated with intervertebral disc herniation. methods: A 10-year follow-up evaluation of a 56-year-old man with HPLL at L2 is reported. The patient was observed using serial physical examinations, radiographs, and MRIs over 10 years. Because he did not respond to conservative management, surgical treatment was applied. After complete decompression by hemilaminectomy and resection of hypertrophied ligament, the nerve roots were freed of constriction through the neural foramens at L2 and L3. RESULTS: One year after the operation the patient was asymptomatic without evidence of recurrence of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: HPLL is a very rare disease. This appears to be the first report of the disease in the lumbar spine.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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