1/6. Diode laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity: a histopathologic study.Laser photocoagulation has largely supplanted cryotherapy as an effective treatment for retinopathy of prematurity. This case describes the ocular histopathologic findings of a pair of eyes in a severely premature male infant treated with diode laser photocoagulation for bilateral stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) for 360 degrees in zone 1 with severe plus disease. The right eye responded to treatment; the left eye developed persistent vitreous hemorrhage and total retinal detachment. The histopathologic examination of laser burns in the right eye disclosed segmental areas of chorioretinal scarring with retinal atrophy and gliosis, loss of RPE and extensive atrophy of the choroid and its vasculature, which involved both the choriocapillaris and larger vessels. The left eye had iris neovascularization, a chronic organized vitreous hemorrhage and a totally detached retina. The histopathologic findings in an eye of a premature infant with threshold ROP treated with diode laser photocoagulation resembled those reported after transsceral cryotherapy. Diode laser photocoagulation may produce less severe chorioretinal damage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/6. Retinal neovascular markers in retinopathy of prematurity: aetiological implications.AIM: (1) To determine if expression of the blood-tissue barrier associated glucose transporter GLUT1 is preserved by the neovasculature of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), in contrast with the reported loss of GLUT1 expression in preretinal vessels of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. (2) To compare the vascular immunophenotype of ROP to juvenile haemangioma, another perinatal neovascular disorder that has recently been shown to express placental type vascular antigens, including GLUT1 and Lewis Y antigen. methods: A retrospective case report was carried out. Immunoreactivities for GLUT1 and Lewis Y antigen were assessed in a human eye with stage 3 ROP and compared with those in a control (paediatric) eye. The presence or absence of endothelial GLUT1 and Lewis Y immunoreactivity was determined in preretinal and intraretinal vessels. RESULTS: Immunoreactivity was positive for GLUT1 and negative for Lewis Y in the intraretinal and preretinal neovasculature of the ROP affected eye and in the normal retinal vessels of the control eye. CONCLUSIONS: Retention of immunoreactivity for GLUT1 distinguishes ROP from proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Furthermore, absence of Lewis Y antigen co-expression distinguishes ROP from juvenile haemangioma, a perinatal form of GLUT1 positive neovascularisation that has recently been linked to placental vasculature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/6. Renal failure caused by eyedrops containing phenylephrine in a case of retinopathy of prematurity.The patient was a low birth weight infant with a history of renal failure. She was referred to our department 29 days after birth to undergo fundus examination. She experienced renal failure after undergoing a mydriatic test and needed medical treatment. Eyedrops containing phenylephrine were instilled several times and additional drops were also instilled during the fundal examination using an eyelid retractor, therefore the blood concentration of the drug was elevated sufficiently to contract the renal vessels, ultimately inducing renal failure. The present case suggests that since the use of mydriatic eyedrops in low birth weight infants could induce renal failure, the following points should be considered: 1) Mydriatic eyedrops should be used with caution by monitoring mydriasis and avoiding excessive instillation; 2) After instillation, the lacrimal region should be compressed to prevent the flow of mydriatic drops to the nasolacrimal canal; and 3) vital signs should be monitored to check the onset of any adverse reactions for 12 hours after fundal examination.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/6. Anterior segment evaluation of infants with retinopathy of prematurity.To understand the mechanisms of glaucoma in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), anterior segment evaluation is essential. The authors prospectively examined the anterior segment of 27 eyes of 17 premature infants with stages IV and V ROP. Twenty-six eyes received no previous surgery or treatment. Schiotz and applanation tonometry were performed. Structural evaluation of each anterior segment was conducted by biomicroscopy and Koeppe gonioscopy. In the 26 eyes, angle closure of greater than 180 degrees was noted in 3 (12%). The authors noted prominent Schwalbe's line in 4 eyes (15%), high iris convexity in 15 (58%), hypopigmentation of the iris root in 19 (73%), translucent matrix in the angles ("Barkan's-type" membrane) in 18 (69%), posterior synechiae in 16 (62%), visible iris or angle vessels in 12 (46%), and pigment clumping in the angle recess in 12 (46%). This study identified structural abnormalities in the anterior segment of ROP infants, including pathologic changes and anatomic features that could have a developmental origin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/6. Exudative retinal detachment in retrolental fibroplasia.Four cases of exudative retinal detachment associated with retrolental fibroplasia are presented. The exudation appears to be secondary to leakage from neovascularization as well as vitreous traction on normal retinal vessels. The range in age of onset was between 13 and 17 years, with three of the four cases occurring in patients 23 years of age or younger. Treatment is directed at eliminating the abnormal vasculature which, in our experience, has been accomplished best by an encircling scleral-buckling procedure. One patient, however, required vitrectomy because of the severe vitreous membranes and traction which were present.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/6. Central retinal arteries in hyperoxemia, and a possible role of fundusscopy in prevention of retrolental fibroplasia (retinopathia praematurorum).Width and tortuosity of the central retinal arteries have been measured on fundus photographs of 9 full-term newborns under intensive care taken at least once in normoxemia and once in inadvertent hyperoxemia. In agreement with previous investigators no correlation was found between the actual paO2 and width of the arterioles. This is newly explained as a modification of the effect of paO2 on the vessel through acute asphyxia and adaptational phenomena. In opposition to the commonly accepted view on prevention of retrolental fibroplasia it is felt that the use of fundusscopy during intensive care should be reconsidered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |