1/3. Monocephalus diprosopus, a rare form of conjoined twins, and associated congenital anomalies.Craniofacial duplication (diprosopus) is a rare form of conjoined twins. A case of monocephalus diprosopus with anencephaly, cervicothoracolumbar rachischisis, and duplication of the respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract is reported. The cardiovascular system remained single but the heart showed transposition of the great vessels. We present this case due to its rarity, and compare our pathologic findings with those already reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/3. Epidural analgesia in the surgery of congenital tracheal stenosis: slide tracheoplasty on cardiopulmonary bypass.Epidural analgesia in children is highly effective and safe; however, it has not enjoyed great popularity in surgery that requires cardiopulmonary bypass. A major concern is the possibility of damage to blood vessels with the epidural needle or catheter and epidural hematoma formation. There seems to be a low incidence of epidural hematoma if certain guidelines are followed, so that in children, epidural analgesia can be used in selected patients, with safety, when surgical repair requires cardiopulmonary bypass. Epidural morphine has been used for clinical pain relief in pediatric cardiac surgery. Improved pulmonary function, suppressed hormonal and metabolic stress responses, easy early tracheal extubation, and good analgesia and sedation that allows neurological examination to alert any possibles hidden complications, are the advantages. A dedicated medical team is essential in the perioperative management to achieve maximum benefit for these patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/3. Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation in association with diaphragmatic eventration.Bronchopulmonary foregut malformations are uncommon anomalies, and their association with diaphragmatic eventration is rare. This report presents 2 cases with this association. Embryologically, a simultaneous disturbance in the development of pulmonary vessels and developing esophagotracheal septum may explain the etiopathogenesis of this association. Abnormal budding along the developing foregut tube may lead to foregut cysts. In both cases, the bronchopulmonary foregut malformations were excised, and the diaphragm was repaired. The results of surgery were gratifying in both cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |