1/5. Aplasia of the breast--reconstruction using a free tram flap.breast aplasia and hypoplasia are found most frequently in poland's syndrome but may also be the consequence of damage to the germ of the mammary gland in childhood. The authors present two cases of breast aplasia in which reconstruction was implemented by free transfer of a TRAM flap. The internal mammary vessels were used as recipient vessels, the condition of which was tested before surgery by Doppler. In both instances the reconstruction was implemented at the age of 19 years, and subsequently the areolomammillary complex was created and the contralateral breast corrected to achieve symmetry. The use of autologous tissue in the form of a free TRAM flap provides, in this indication, very good results that are permanent, and the problems associated with the use of implants are eliminated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. poland anomaly--report of an unusual family.A family with classical poland anomaly presenting in the son and a partially affected mother is reported. We hypothesize that poland anomaly has a multifactorial basis involving vascular compromise in early development. Two possible predisposing factors are aberrant vascular formation and thrombophilia. The investigation of our family has not demonstrated an abnormality in coagulation, therefore, we surmise that an inherited structural variant of blood vessel formation is responsible.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. Deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for successful simultaneous breast and chest wall reconstruction in a poland anomaly patient.breast reconstruction in female poland anomaly remains a surgical challenge with variable chest wall deformity and nipple position. Pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap with implant reconstruction may have several drawbacks and complications. Free deep inferior epigastric flap (DIEP) flap is a reliable option for postmastectomy breast reconstruction, but rarely reported in poland anomaly. We presented a 52-year-old poland anomaly patient who underwent successful reconstruction for breast and chest wall deformity using DIEP flap. Preoperative ultrasound Doppler study for internal mammary vessels is recommended for microsurgical anastomosis. Care should be taken with regard to the flap inset and the location of the nipple areolar complex.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. On the association of poland anomaly and primary microcephaly.In this report we describe a moderately mentally retarded female child with the association of poland's anomaly and primary microcephaly with marked neuronal migration disturbances, cortical atrophy and white substance hypoplasia. This observation further supports the suggestion that the subclavian artery supply disruption sequence may be part of a broader event of interruption of the early embryonic blood supply also involving the cerebral arterial vessels.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. poland's syndrome and vascular malformations.Unilateral hypoplasia of the breast and the pectoralis muscle with a missing anterior axillary fold as part of poland's syndrome are of major concern, especially for women. The latissimus dorsi is one of the most suitable flaps for breast and anterior thorax reconstructions but it may be hypoplastic or absent. If so, a free tissue transfer of the contralateral latissimus dorsi muscle is the next possible option for reconstruction. As poland's syndrome is additionally associated with vascular malformations of the diseased hemithorax such as hypoplastic or missing vessels, a preoperative angiography is mandatory for planned microvascular tissue transfer.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |