1/47. Intraneural synovial sarcoma of the median nerve.Intraneural synovial sarcomas are extremely rare in the main nerve trunks of the upper limb. We report on a 16-year-old youth who presented with a painless mass on the flexor aspect of the wrist with the clinical appearance of a ganglion. At operation there was a tumour of the median nerve that was shown on histology to be an intraneural synovial sarcoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/47. Ganglion-cell tumor of the filum terminale: immunohistochemical characterization.A case of an unusual spinal neuronal tumor is described in a 36-year-old woman presenting with a buttock pain. The spinal tumor was fully characterized by neuroradiological means, and in particular MRI was of significant value in delineating the extension of the tumor within the spinal canal and its exophitic growth pattern. Pathologically, a well circumscribed tumor originating from the intradural filum terminale characteristically comprised both large and small cells, resembling mature and immature neuronal cells, respectively. In addition, two neuronal markers, i.e., chromogranin a (CGA) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and other markers such as glial fibrilary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, HNK-1, tyrosine hydroxylase and beta 2-microgloblin were investigated immunohistochemically. We found that both neuronal cells expressed immunoreactivity for CGA and NSE, and small neuronal cells showed more intense CGA immunoreactivity, indicating an earlier stage of neuronal differentiation. Weakly positive immunoreactivity for HNK-1 was also demonstrated in small neuronal cells, consistent with evidence of maturation along a neuronal differentiation. From these findings a pathological diagnosis of ganglioneuroma was made. This unique group of ganglion-cell spinal tumors is reviewed in the literature and differential diagnosis and immunohistochemical features are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/47. Amyloidoma of the gasserian ganglion.A case report, the third in the literature, is presented of a patient whose progressive numbness in the second and third divisions of the trigeminal nerve led to the discovery of an isolated amyloidoma of the gasserian ganglion. The clinical impression of tumor was confirmed by surgical and pathologic findings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/47. ganglioneuroblastoma of the cauda equina.A 39-year-old lady presented with low back pain and neurogenic claudication. Magnetic resonance imagining revealed an intradural neoplasm in the cauda equina region. The patient underwent lumbar laminectomy and total excision of the neoplasm. biopsy showed it to be a ganglioneuroblastoma, which is rare in the spinal canal and so far does not appear to have been reported in the region of the cauda equina. Its management is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/47. An unusual etiology of hypertension in a 5-year-old boy.Ganglioneuromas are rare benign tumors of neural crest origin, arising from ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla. These masses are usually detected during the first 2 decades of life and are generally discovered incidentally. We present a 5-year-old boy with sickle beta-thalassemia whose hypertension is caused by a perihilar ganglioneuroma encasing the right renal artery and distorting the right renal vein. The tumor was resected and the child's blood pressure subsequently normalized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/47. Angiographic demonstration of a trigeminal neurinoma.The case of a young man with a trigeminal neurinoma arising from the cerebellopontine angle and extending to the Gasserion ganglion is presented and the angiographic findings are described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/47. Amyloidoma of the brachial plexus.BACKGROUND: Amyloidomas of the peripheral nervous system are rare lesions. Most commonly, they involve the gasserian ganglion and the branches of the fifth cranial nerve. No association with systemic amyloidosis has been reported. CASE DESCRIPTION: We describe an amyloidoma of the lower trunk of the right brachial plexus. At the age of 34 years, this 71-year-old female had undergone radical right mastectomy for breast cancer with axillary lymph node dissection followed by radiotherapy. On admission, she presented with burning pain to the right hand and mild motor deficit to the ulnar-innervated intrinsic hand muscles. A palpable lesion was found in the supraclavicular region. On surgical inspection, the lesion appeared to originate from the lower trunk of the right brachial plexus. The middle and upper trunks were dislocated. Histologically, fibrous connective tissue embedded small nerve bundles featuring perineurial and endoneurial fibrosis as well as amyloid. Amyloid featured immunoreactivity for both lambda and kappa chains. DISCUSSION: Localized amyloidoma of brachial plexus has never been reported. Because of compressive rather than infiltrative growth of the present lesion, a conservative surgery was achieved. Our immunohistochemical findings indicated that peripheral nerve amyloidomas are not, by definition, monoclonal in nature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/47. Pigmented vagal paraganglioma.Paragangliomas are uncommon and those arising from the vagal trunk are rarer. Pigmented extra-adrenal paragangliomas are still rarer and reported sites of occurrence are the uterus, spine, retroperitoneum, bladder, mediastinum and orbit. The presence of abundant pigment in a cervical paraganglion has not been reported previously. We report one such unusual case of pigmented vagal paraganglioma that arose from the vagal trunk below the nodose ganglion, had massive central necrosis and showed hypovascularity on angiography. The unusual features and difficulties in the diagnosis of such cases are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/47. A glomus vagale tumour presenting with acute left ventricular failure.A glomus vagale is a rare lesion of paraganglionic cells in the vagal perineurium. Secretion of hormones by such a tumour is exceedingly uncommon, although associated metabolic processes have been demonstrated. Clinical effects of secretion reported previously have been minimal. We report a case where resistant hypertension was eventually found to be due to a secretory glomus vagale, and was greatly alleviated by removal of the lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/47. Metastatic adenocarcinoma masquerading as a solitary nerve sheath tumour.We present a case of a solitary metastasis of an adenocarcinoma to a dorsal root ganglion (DRG) following a disease free interval of 12 years after resection of a Duke's C carcinoma. The presentation of this unusually placed metastasis was associated with a 3-year complex pain syndrome and radiological appearances consistent with benign disease. The case highlights the importance of not dismissing unusual lesions as innocent in the presence of a history of malignant disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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