1/8. Peanut allergy: an increasing health risk for children.Matthew, age 24 months, is brought into the clinic by his frantic mother. She reports Matthew started wheezing and broke out in a blotchy skin rash within 5 minutes of eating a cracker with peanut butter. Matthew has a history of mild, intermittent asthma treated with nebulized albuterol, which the mother administered without improvement in the child's breathing pattern. He also has a history of moderate atopic dermatitis and a prior milk intolerance that he has since outgrown. No other food allergies are noted in his history, and the mother believes this is the first time Matthew has eaten peanut butter. It has been approximately fi hour since he ingested the peanut butter. Matthew's vital signs are temperature 98.6 degrees F, pulse 90, and respirations 60 with audible wheezing and repetitive cough. His blood pressure is 80/60. His face and chest are flushed with urticaria, and some swelling is noted around his mouth.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = allergy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. Passive transfer of nut allergy after liver transplantation.An anaphylactic reaction to cashew nut developed in a nonatopic 60-year-old man 25 days after receiving a liver allograft from a 15-year-old atopic boy who died of anaphylaxis after peanut ingestion. The liver recipient had no history of nut allergy. Posttransplantation skin prick test results were positive for peanut, cashew nut, and sesame seed, and the donor had allergen-specific IgE antibodies to the same 3 allergens. contact tracing of the recipients of other solid organs from the same donor disclosed no other development of allergic symptoms after ingestion of peanut or cashew nut. Results of molecular HLA typing did not detect any donor-origin leukocytes in the recipient after transplantation, which excluded peripheral microchimerism. The patient inadvertently ingested peanut-contaminated food and suffered a second anaphylactic reaction 32 weeks after the transplantation. This case illustrates that transfer of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity can occur after liver transplantation and have potentially serious consequences. We therefore recommend that organ donors undergo screening for allergies, and that recipients be advised regarding allergen avoidance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.25keywords = allergy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. Possible anaphylaxis after propofol in a child with food allergy.OBJECTIVE: To report a case of anaphylaxis due to propofol in a child with allergies to egg and peanut oil. CASE SUMMARY: A 14-month-old boy with a history of reactive airway disease was hospitalized for treatment of respiratory symptoms. The patient had documented allergies to egg, peanut oil, and mold. Within the first few hours after admission, acute respiratory decompensation occurred, and arrangements were made to transfer the patient to our tertiary-care hospital. Prior to transfer, he was emergently intubated under sedation and paralysis with propofol and rocuronium. When emergency air transport arrived, the patient was hypotensive and tachycardic. His symptoms of anaphylaxis were managed throughout the flight and, upon arrival at our institution, the patient was admitted to the Pediatric intensive care Unit. He improved over a 5-day hospital course, and his caregivers were instructed to avoid propofol in the future. The patient's anaphylactic reaction following propofol was rated as a possible adverse drug reaction using the Naranjo probability scale. DISCUSSION: The use of propofol in pediatric patients for procedural sedation has gained increased favor. Since the propofol formulation contains both egg lecithin and soybean oil, its use is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivities to these components. Several other drugs have a food component, resulting in contraindications and warnings in product labeling. CONCLUSIONS: propofol should be avoided in patients with allergies to egg and/or soybean oil, if possible. Clinicians should consider the potential for adverse drug events in patients with select food allergies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = allergy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. A case of peanut cross-allergy to lupine flour in a hot dog bread.BACKGROUND: In a case monitored by the Norwegian National Register for Severe Allergic Reactions to food, a patient with peanut allergy experienced an allergic reaction after eating a particular brand of hot dog bread. The aim of this study was to identify the eliciting allergen. methods: Extracts from the hot dog bread and reference material from peanut, lupine and lupine-fortified food products were analysed by immunochemical methods with patient serum and a new polyclonal anti-lupine antibody. RESULTS: Evidence could be provided that the hot dog bread contained proteins from lupine but not from peanut. CONCLUSION: Crossed peanut-lupine allergy can have clinical significance. A peanut-allergic patient reacted against hidden lupine protein in a hot dog bread. Presented with our results, the producer confirmed the use of lupine flour and changed the ingredient list.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = allergy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. Resolution of peanut allergy following bone marrow transplantation for primary immunodeficiency.Peanut allergy is a severe and life-threatening form of food allergy. Treatments are being developed but the mainstays of current management remain avoidance of peanut and appropriate use of rescue medication. We report the case of a boy with peanut allergy who required a bone marrow transplant (BMT) for combined immunodeficiency. A food challenge, 2 years after transplant, showed that his peanut allergy had resolved. Allergic disorders constitute a form of immune deviation and while we do not advocate BMT as a treatment for peanut allergy, we believe this case provides an insight into the basic mechanisms involved in food allergy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = allergy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. Clinical pearls and pitfalls: peanut allergy.A case of pediatric peanut allergy is presented. Pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, diagnostic test, case management, and natural history are reviewed. Clinical Pearls and Pitfalls include: (1) About 20% of young infants will outgrow peanut allergy, especially if IgE levels measured by ImmunoCAP RAST are less than SkU/L. (2) Cases of resensitization have been documented after negative peanut oral challenges. (3) Only a negative food challenge can provide convincing evidence that the patient has outgrown his or her peanut allergy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.75keywords = allergy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. Lupine inhalation induced asthma in a child.The ingestion of lupine seed flour has been reported as a cause of allergic reactions. There is some evidence of its allergenic potential after inhalation. An 8-year-old asthmatic child, who was allergic to peanut, was studied in our clinic with the suspicion of an adverse drug reaction due to salbutamol. He suffered an asthma attack while playing with his brother, who had been eating lupine seed as snack; surprisingly, the asthma attack worsened with salbutamol. The skin tests showed a positive result with lupinus albus extract, peanut, garbanzo bean, navy bean, pea, green bean, lentil, soy, olea europea pollen, grass pollen and plantago lanceolata pollen. The prick-by-prick tests both from dried seeds and those preserved in salt and water were strongly positive. serum specific IgE antibodies were positive to Lupine albus (1.43 kU/l), peanut (4.32 kU/l), soy (2.15 kU/l), lentil (3.12 kU/l) and garbanzo (0.7 kU/l). After informed consent salbutamol was well tolerated but the patient had asthma in 5 min of manipulation of the lupine seeds. In our case, reactivity with other legumes was also demonstrated, but only peanut allergy was relevant because boiled legumes were tolerated. It is also notorious that anamnesis is so important to assess the true etiological agents of asthma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = allergy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. Late diagnosis of tree nut and sesame allergy in patients previously sensitized but tolerant to peanut.BACKGROUND: Recent studies have indicated that tolerance to peanut can occur in patients with a history of peanut allergy. Tree nut and sesame allergies have been reported to occur at increased incidence in patients with peanut allergy. Although the coexistence may be simply due to a predisposition to food allergy in these individuals, cross-reactivity has been demonstrated between peanut and tree nuts and between peanut and sesame seed. OBJECTIVE: To describe 3 patients previously sensitized but tolerant to peanut who were subsequently diagnosed as having either tree nut or sesame allergy. methods: All the patients had a clinical history of peanut sensitivity and underwent follow-up peanut skin testing to commercial extracts using a bifurcated needle followed by a graded peanut challenge. One patient had a previous positive radioallergosorbent test reaction to sesame and underwent a graded sesame challenge. RESULTS: All the patients had negative peanut challenge results. Two patients subsequently had exposure to tree nuts at home and had systemic reactions and positive skin test reactions to the incriminated tree nut. One patient had a positive challenge reaction to sesame. CONCLUSION: Demonstration of tolerance to peanut may falsely reassure patients and physicians that patients no longer need to avoid tree nuts or sesame. Tree nut and sesame allergies can exist or develop in patients despite the development of tolerance to peanut.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = allergy (Clic here for more details about this article) |