1/7. Bone defect associated with middle meningeal arteriovenous fistula treated by embolization--case report.A 57-year-old male presented with a frontal bone defect associated with a middle meningeal arteriovenous fistula (AVF) manifesting as headache. The patient had a history of head injury 19 years previously. skull radiography and computed tomography demonstrated a left frontal bone defect. Left external carotid angiography demonstrated a middle meningeal AVF at the frontal region, at the same location as the bone defect. The AVF was fed by the bilateral middle meningeal and left deep temporal arteries, and drained by the superior sagittal and ipsilateral cavernous sinuses. The minor feeding artery, the left deep temporal artery, was embolized with polyvinyl alcohol particles, then 0.4 ml of a 1:3 mixture of n-butyl cyanoacrylate and lipiodol was injected from the left middle meningeal artery. Follow-up angiography 3 months after the embolization revealed complete obliteration of the fistula. The bone defect may have been caused by erosion of the frontal bone by the pulsating effect of the feeding and draining vessels of the fistula, or by inadequate nutrition to the bone tissue because of the arteriovenous shunt.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/7. Gorham's disease complicated by chyloma of the chest wall.Gorham's disease is a rare disorder characterized by a non-malignant proliferation of thin-walled lymphatic vessels that result in progressive bony destruction and often extend into the surrounding soft tissues. chylothorax is a common complication in cases of mediastinal involvement. Here we report a case of a 22-year-old male with Gorham's syndrome complicated by chyloma of the chest wall, but without chylothorax. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating an abnormality of the parietal pleura prior to the clinical development of the chylothorax.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/7. Mandibular condylosis and apertognathia as presenting symptoms in progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Pattern of mandibular bony lesions and atrophy of masticatory muscles in PSS, presumably caused by affected muscular arteries.Apertognathia (open bite) is usually a developmental deformity of the jaws and the dentoalveolar segments in childhood and adolescence. The sudden insidious appearance of an open anterior bite in adult life is extremely rare and may be due to pathologic condylar fractures (with displacement) or to bilateral condylosis. To the best of our knowledge, only five cases of bilateral mandibular condylosis in progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) have been reported in the literature, and the present article deals with the sixth known case. In the 22-year-old woman presented in this article the mandibular manifestations were the very early symptoms of PSS, which had a very rapid fatal course. A review of the literature is presented, and attention is called to the serious significance of sudden apertognathia. PSS is a chronic generalized disease of the small arterial vessels and the mesenchyme tissues of unknown origin. The musculoskeletal system is often involved, and the disease may affect the mandible, causing bony erosions, osteolysis, and atrophy of the masticatory muscles. It is believed that these bony lesions are of ischemic origin. The lesions, which are usually bilateral, occur only in the condyles, the coronoid processes, and the gonial angles. The main arterial blood supply to the mandible and to the major part of the ascending ramus originates from the inferior alveolar artery. The blood supply of the condyles, the coronoid processes, and the gonial angles originates in small muscular arteries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/7. Massive osteolysis of the mandible.This report deals with a massive osteolysis, which is a rare disease characterized by the progressive dissolution of contiguous osseous structure, occurring in the mandible of a 46-year-old Japanese female. Histopathologic examination of the amputation material revealed that the mandibular body, ramus, condylar and coronoid processes were completely replaced by fibrous tissue, but inferior alveolar nerve and artery in the lesion were intact. A few small islands of osteoid tissue or immature fibrous bone were seen in the lesion. In the transitional area between the lesion and normal bone, active absorption of bone trabeculae was in progress and intertrabecular spaces were occupied by densely packed fibroblastic cells, however, angiomatous proliferation of vessels was not observed. A few bone trabeculae were surrounded by osteoclasts, but osteoclasts might not play a primary etiological role in massive osteolysis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/7. Disappearing bone disease: a case report and review of the literature.Disappearing bone disease is a rare condition manifested by massive osteolysis. Its etiology is unknown. Histologically, involved bones show a nonmalignant proliferation of thin-walled vessels. The mechanism of bone absorption remains unclear. No treatment has proven effective in arresting the disease. Cases in which there is extraosseous involvement have a much poorer prognosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/7. Hereditary osteodysplasia with acro-osteolysis. (The hajdu-cheney syndrome).A mother and son with acro-osteolysis (hajdu-cheney syndrome) are described. In addition to osteolysis of the distal phalanges, these patients have a generalized osseous dysplasia with osteoporosis, premature loss of teeth, short stature and a distinctive facial appearance. In one of the cases an enlarged sella turcica was associated with no abnormality of endocrine function. A biopsy specimen taken from an area of active osteolysis in a phalanx was studied by light and electron microscopy. There was active replacement of central medullary bone by a fibrous and angiomatous process characterized by the presence of small, thick-walled vessels and an unusual number of interspersed nerve fibers and mast cells. A neurovascular dysfunction with local release of osteolytic mediators may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disorder, but the nature of the osteolytic factor is unknown.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/7. Primary leiomyosarcoma of bone: a study of five cases.Five cases of leiomyosarcoma of bone are described. The patients, 3 men and 2 women, ranged in age from 24 to 74 years. Four of the five tumors were located in the distal half of the femur. Radiographically, all tumors presented as purely osteolytic lesions. angiography, performed in 3 cases, revealed hypervascularity and the presence of irregular, tortuous vessels at the site of the lesion in 1, but not in 2 others. Histologically, the five tumors showed features characteristic of leiomyosarcomas. The most prominent features were blunt-ended, cigar-like, chromatin-rich nuclei in elongated acidophilic cells arranged in bundles which intersected each other at wide angles. The importance of trichrome stains, such as van Gieson stain, for th recognition of leiomyosarcomas is emphasized. Electron microscopic examination, performed in 3 cases, showed as the most prominent features spindle-shaped cells in parallel arrangement containing abundant myofilaments which elongated densities, pinocytotic vesicles, and basal lamina structures.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |