1/5. Peripheral and central nervous system involvement in essential mixed cryoglobulinemia: a case report.We describe a man with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia who developed peripheral neuropathy and multiinfarctual encephalopathy. Vasculitis was observed in the vasa nervorum and in the small vessels of the brain. The possible pathogenetic role of the cryoglobulins in the nervous system lesions is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. Peripheral neuropathy associated with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy.A 49-year-old man developed mononeuritis multiplex associated with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. The biopsy of the sural nerve revealed focal reduction of myelinated fibres and axonal degeneration, as well as perivascular inflammatory infiltrates composed of lymphocytes and plasma cells, exhibiting policlonal immunoglobulin expression, proliferation of blood vessels, thickening of the vessel wall and endothelial hyperplasia. These latter changes are similar to those commonly encountered in the lymph nodes, as well as in other organs, in patients suffering from angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. giant cell arteritis and peripheral neuropathy: a report of 2 cases and review of the literature.giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis primarily affecting large and medium sized vessels. While the disease may present with blindness or other signs of extracranial vasculitis, symptoms referable to the peripheral nervous system are uncommon. We describe 2 patients with biopsy proven GCA who simultaneously developed peripheral neurologic lesions. The first developed a mononeuritis multiplex superimposed on a diffuse, primarily sensory and distal polyneuropathy; the second, a symmetric, primarily motor and distal polyneuropathy. We review the published experience of GCA with peripheral nerve involvement and discuss a possible pathophysiologic basis for its occurrence.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Angiotropic large cell lymphoma with mononeuritis multiplex mimicking systemic vasculitis.Angiotropic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), the so-called malignant angioendotheliomatosis, is characterised by proliferation of tumorous cells within small vessels. Manifestations in the CNS and cutaneous lesions prevail in the clinical presentation, although any organ can be involved. The recent classification of this lymphoma as part of the large cell lymphomas has modified the therapeutic approaches employed. This should improve the prognosis of this usually fatal disease. An unusual case presenting with fever, mononeuritis multiplex, and cutaneous lesions is reported. Peripheral neuropathy without other neurological symptoms is uncommon, and, to our knowledge, such isolated mononeuritis multiplex with nerve lesions has not been previously reported in ALCL. The clinical diagnosis was a systemic necrotising vasculitis and it is considered that its differential diagnosis must include angiotropic large cell lymphoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. Nonvasculitic, steroid-responsive mononeuritis multiplex.We report two patients with mononeuritis multiplex, both of whom had focal inflammation of the perineurium and endoneurium on sural nerve biopsy without necrosis of blood vessel walls, histologic evidence of lymphoid malignancy, or mycobacterial infection. The predominant early sensory symptoms were asymmetric pain and paresthesias; subsequently, muscle weakness developed. Electrophysiologic studies showed an asymmetric sensorimotor axon loss radiculoneuropathy with denervation of limb and paraspinal muscles. Spinal fluid protein was elevated in one patient. There was no cause or underlying systemic disease. Marked improvement occurred with steroid therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |