1/27. Isolated neuritis of the sciatic nerve in a case of lyme disease.lyme disease is an infectious disease caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. The course of the disease is divided into three stages, the second of which may include various types of peripheral nervous system disturbances. We report the case of a patient with persistent deficits caused by the prevalent involvement of the sciatic nerve, confirmed by electrophysiological and neuropathological findings. The most significant bioptic results were axonal degeneration and perivascular inflammation. Damage to a single peripheral nerve as the dominant clinical expression during the course of lyme disease is an unusual finding that has been rarely described in the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/27. Inferior vestibular neuritis.Sudden, spontaneous, unilateral loss of vestibular function without simultaneous hearing loss or brain stem signs is generally attributed to a viral infection involving the vestibular nerve and is called acute vestibular neuritis. The clinical hallmarks of acute vestibular neuritis are vertigo, spontaneous nystagmus, and unilateral loss of lateral semicircular function as shown by impulsive and caloric testing. In some patients with vestibular neuritis the process appears to involve only anterior and lateral semicircular function, and these patients are considered to have selective superior vestibular neuritis. Here we report on two patients with acute vertigo, normal lateral semicircular canal function as shown by both impulsive and caloric testing, but selective loss of posterior semicircular canal function as shown by impulsive testing and of saccular function as shown by vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing. We suggest that these patients had selective inferior vestibular neuritis and that contrary to conventional teaching, in a patient with acute spontaneous vertigo, unilateral loss of lateral semicircular canal function is not essential for a diagnosis of acute vestibular neuritis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.035410035243247keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/27. trigeminal neuralgia in a patient with multiple sclerosis and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.BACKGROUND: trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing, recurrent pain in the distribution of one or more branches of the fifth cranial nerve. Symptomatic or secondary TN involves TN-like pain that develops owing to a central nervous system lesion (benign or malignant) or to multiple sclerosis (MS). CASE DESCRIPTION: The authors present a report of a unique case of a 43-year-old patient with unilateral TN, MS and concomitant chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. The facial pain preceded any other manifestations of the systemic disorders, and only after repeated neurological examinations were these diagnoses established. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and repeated neurological evaluations should be implemented in all patients with TN to rule out the presence of underlying disease. The dental practitioner should be familiar with TN to avoid unnecessary dental interventions and ensure prompt initiation of appropriate treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.961054990024keywords = nervous system, central nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/27. Localization of antibody in the central nervous system of a patient with paraneoplastic encephalomyeloneuritis.We report a patient with severe paraneoplastic encephalomyeloneuritis, occult small-cell carcinoma of the lung, and high titers of circulating antineuronal antibody who died shortly after developing limbic encephalitis. The antibody was of IgG class and reacted specifically with nuclei and cytoplasm of all neurons in the pattern typical for encephalomyelitis and subacute sensory neuropathy associated with small-cell carcinoma (type II, anti-Hu). At autopsy, perivascular inflammatory infiltrates were prominent. All samples of serum, CSF, and postmortem peritoneal and pleural fluid contained high titers of antibody. Direct immunofluorescence of frozen tissue revealed IgG bound to most remaining neurons in multiple brain regions in a pattern similar to indirect immunofluorescence of normal brain tissue. IgG was also bound to tumor. Attempts to elute antibody from tissue decreased background staining but did not remove neuronal immunofluorescence. These results indicate that antibody can access and bind specifically to neuronal antigens in the brain during the course of paraneoplastic disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7.8088099248528keywords = nervous system, central nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/27. Evaluation of acute vertigo: unusual lesions imitating vestibular neuritis.The acute onset of vertigo is a common clinical problem presenting to primary care physicians or otologists for evaluation. Usually the underlying disease process is benign and self-limited in nature. In the absence of hearing loss or additional neurologic findings, a common initial diagnosis is vestibular neuritis. The patient is treated symptomatically and observed for spontaneous resolution. However, other more serious disease processes may mimic the presentation of vestibular neuritis and be misdiagnosed. Five cases of serious central nervous system disorders that were similar to vestibular neuritis in their initial presentation are reviewed to illustrate this point. Each patient presented with the acute onset of continuous vertigo without associated hearing loss. The correct diagnosis was established only after further evaluation was pursued. Recommendations for the initial and subsequent evaluation of these patients are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.9256449547808keywords = nervous system, central nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/27. Peripheral and central nervous system involvement in essential mixed cryoglobulinemia: a case report.We describe a man with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia who developed peripheral neuropathy and multiinfarctual encephalopathy. vasculitis was observed in the vasa nervorum and in the small vessels of the brain. The possible pathogenetic role of the cryoglobulins in the nervous system lesions is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8.7379898543663keywords = nervous system, central nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/27. Mononeuritis multiplex with brachial plexus neuropathy coincident with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.mycoplasma pneumoniae infection has been associated with a variety of neurologic complications involving the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system and muscle. We present a patient who developed a previously unreported complication: mononeuritis multiplex. This consisted of a severe brachial plexus neuropathy with contralateral cervical monoradiculopathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.9256449547808keywords = nervous system, central nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/27. Mononeuritis multiplex in incomplete Behcet's disease: a case report and the review of the literature.A case of Behcet's disease with peripheral nervous system involvement is described. A 58-year-old female with a 16-year history of Behcet's disease was admitted to our hospital because of numbness in multiple areas in both the upper and lower extremities. A biopsy of the sural nerve revealed degeneration of the axons and a capillary lesion. This finding was compatible with mononeuritis multiplex. This case of Behcet's disease with biopsy-proved mononeuritis multiplex is a very rare one.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/27. Encephalomyeloneuritis with mediastinal germ cell tumor. A paraneoplastic condition?An unusual case of encephalomyeloneuritis associated with germ cell tumor with mature and immature teratoma arising int he mediastinum is presented. There was an unusually long interval from the onset of neurologic symptoms to the development of malignancy. The histopathology, characterized by limbic encephalitis, brain stem encephalitis, cortical cerebellar degeneration and myeloneuritis, was similar to that of paraneoplastic encephalomyeloneuritis previously described in the literature. Virological and immunological studies failed to demonstrate any causative agents or autoantibodies reacting with brain tissue. The causal relationship between the malignant neoplasm and encephalomyeloneuritis thus seems to be very complex.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.070820070486494keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/27. Vasculitic neuropathy in panarteritis nodosa: clinical and ultrastructural findings.Clinical involvement of the peripheral nervous system in panarteritis nodosa is common, but the histological aspects are little known. We describe the sural nerve, muscle and skin biopsy findings in a patient with panarteritis nodosa, affected by mononeuritis multiplex. The data are compared to those reported in other types of vasculitis neuropathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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