1/6. Cavernous malformation of the hypoglossal nerve: case report and review of the literature.OBJECTIVE: To describe a patient who presented with a hypoglossal nerve palsy caused by a cavernous malformation, review the literature on cavernous malformations associated with cranial nerves and the differential diagnosis of hypoglossal palsy. RESULTS: Partial resection of the lesion was achieved and the diagnosis of cavernous malformation proven histologically. CONCLUSIONS: Involvement of a cranial nerve by a cavernous malformation is very uncommon and the facial nerve is the example most frequently reported. This case report adds another possible site for this rare occurrence.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/6. abducens nerve palsy and horner syndrome due to metastatic tumor in the cavernous sinus.A 41-year-old man was diagnosed as having primary parotid carcinoma on the right side. After radical parotidectomy, radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy, the primary parotid carcinoma was completely remitted. Two years later, right abducens nerve palsy and horner syndrome appeared. neuroimaging demonstrated a gadolinium-enhanced lesion in the posterior portion of the right cavernous sinus, and metastasis of parotid carcinoma was suspected. After radiosurgery and systemic chemotherapy, the intracavernous lesion disappeared. This is the first case of combination of abducens nerve palsy and ipsilateral horner syndrome due to metastasis from parotid carcinoma to the cavernous sinus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.75keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/6. Intravascular glomus tumour: a previously undescribed phenomenon.We report the first case of an intravascular glomus tumour, which was located in the right forearm of a 40-year-old male. Microscopically the lesion originated from the wall of a vein and protruded into the lumen of the affected blood vessel. The tumour cells were characterized immunohistochemically by the presence of vimentin, actin and myosin. Within the tumour, small nerves, immunopositive for S-100 protein and neurofilaments, could be identified. Histogenetically, the tumour is thought to derive from intramural epithelioid cells of the venous part of an arteriovenous anastomosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.125keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/6. Intravascular malignant lymphomatosis (so-called malignant angioendotheliomatosis): a case confined to the lumbosacral spinal cord and nerve roots.Intravascular malignant lymphomatosis (IML), so-called malignant angioendotheliomatosis, was found in lumbosacral spinal cord and nerve roots of a 78-year-old women who died one month after the onset of symptoms. With regard to the majority of the 37 reviewed neurological cases in the literature, this report is unusual in that the disease was exclusively localized in the spinal cord and systemic involvement was absent. The usual clinical hallmark of the disease is a subacute dementia or encephalopathy, often associated with focal neurological signs, culminating in death within several months. The pathological features of IML characteristically include multiple small foci of necrosis of the whole brain, caused by occlusion of small vessels by noncohesive neoplastic cells and secondary changes of the vascular wall. All organs may be involved, especially the skin and the adrenals, sometimes with tumoral formations. Despite the fact that lymphoid tissues are usually spared, recent reports and the present case strongly suggest a lymphoid rather than endothelial origin of the malignant cells. The pathogenesis of this mainly intravascular lymphoma remains obscure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.625keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/6. cavernous sinus syndrome as the presentation of malignant lymphoma: case report and review of the literature.cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) is an unusual presentation of malignant lymphoma. We report a patient with lymphoma that presented with CSS, and we review the literature on nine other reported cases. Sharp retroorbital pain, paraesthesia around the orbit, and complete 6th nerve palsy were dominant presenting symptoms. In all cases, the tumor developed on the right side. The computed tomographic scan was abnormal in only two of the nine patients during the early stages of the disease. The dominant histological type was large cell lymphoma. The mean age of the patients was 45 years. The mean survival time after the first presenting symptom was 8.7 months. Two of the reported patients as well as our patient had disseminated disease, which became evident at autopsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.125keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/6. Angiosarcoma arising in a solitary schwannoma (neurilemoma) of the sciatic nerve.Angiosarcomas rarely develop within a peripheral nerve or a peripheral nerve sheath tumor. We describe an epithelioid angiosarcoma that arose in a benign schwannoma (neurilemoma) of the right thigh in a 65-year-old man who did not have von Recklinghausen's disease. Histologically, the resected tumor was a high-grade undifferentiated sarcoma that was predominantly arranged in solid sheets or nests and composed of epithelioid cells. The endothelial origin of the tumor was suggested by factor viii R-ag, ulex europaeus-I, CD34, CD31, BNH9, and vimentin immunoreactivity, along with the ultrastructural evidence of occasional weibel-palade bodies. In this location, epithelioid angiosarcoma should be distinguished from malignant transformation of a schwannoma with epithelioid changes. This observation stresses the importance of immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis in the differential diagnosis of vascular tumors with features of epithelioid sarcoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.75keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |