1/154. Middle ear adenocarcinoma with intracranial extension. Case report.Middle ear adenocarcinoma is a very rare, locally invasive neoplasm assumed to arise from the middle ear mucosa. Although endolymphatic sac tumor (aggressive papillary middle ear tumor) and jugulotympanic paraganglioma may show brain invasion, intracranial extension of histologically confirmed middle ear adenocarcinoma has not been previously reported. The authors describe a 53-year-old man who suffered from otalgia and tinnitus for more than 10 years and from neurological deficits for 1 year due to a large temporal bone tumor that invaded the temporal lobe. A combined neurosurgical and otolaryngological resection was performed. Pathological analysis revealed a low-grade adenocarcinoma of a mixed epithelial-neuroendocrine phenotype, which showed a close histological similarity to, and topographical relationship with, middle ear epithelium. The authors conclude that middle ear adenocarcinoma belongs to the spectrum of extracranial tumors that have possible local extension to the brain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/154. Graphic analysis of microscopic tumor cell infiltration, proliferative potential, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in an autopsy brain with glioblastoma.BACKGROUND: growth of brain tumors requires tumor-cell attachment to adjacent structures, degradation of surrounding matrixes, migration of tumor cells, proliferation of vasculature, and tumor cell proliferation. Comparison of the findings on neuroimaging, degrees and patterns of tumor invasion, regional tumor cell viability detected by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry, and regional vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in whole-brain specimen of glioblastoma therefore is of great interest, and will facilitate study of the host reaction against the glioblastoma. methods: We graphically analyzed microscopic tumor-cell infiltration, regional differences in Ki-67 labeling indices (LI), and immunohistochemical expression of VEGF in an autopsy brain with glioblastoma. RESULTS: glioblastoma cells infiltrated the brain far beyond the gross limits of the tumor and the areas with high signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. A wide range of histologic malignancy was apparent from hematoxylin-eosin staining and the Ki-67 labeling indices. VEGF was highly expressed in normal astrocytes located outside the tumor. CONCLUSION: Graphic analysis of histologic and immunohistochemical patterns is a useful method of investigating the mechanisms of glioma growth, tumor cell infiltration in the brain, and the host reaction of the brain against neoplasms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/154. meningioma presenting as tolosa-hunt syndrome.A 23-year-old woman was admitted with headache, nausea, vomiting and blurred vision on the left side. Neurological examination showed ptosis with a complete internal and external ophthalmoplegia and a red fullness around the left orbita. Computed tomographic scanning of the brain revealed no abnormalities. As she improved on high doses of steroids a diagnosis of tolosa-hunt syndrome (THS) seemed to be indicated. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a lesion with intermediate signal intensity in the left cavernous sinus. craniotomy was performed when symptoms of THS recurred. Histopathological examination revealed a meningioma with a papillary aspect and some mitoses. This case illustrates that: (1) THS is still a diagnosis by exclusion; (2) MRI and histopathological examination are important if there is any doubt about the diagnosis; and (3) also when there is no doubt, improvement after steroid therapy may be a diagnostic pitfall. Therefore, not only MRI but also orbital phlebography and angiography should seriously be considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/154. Fatal cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with extension through the maxillary sinus and orbit into the brain.Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas may cause death by metastasis or by local extension. We describe a deeply invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma that caused death by direct extension into the brain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/154. meningioma with meningioangiomatosis: a condition mimicking invasive meningiomas in children and young adults: report of two cases and review of the literature.Meningioangiomatosis is a malformative meningovascular proliferation that occurs sporadically and in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2. Its histologic features of perivascular proliferation of elongated fibroblast and meningothelial cells trapping islands of gliotic cortex may be erroneously interpreted as invasion when an overlying meningioma is present. We report two cases of meningioangiomatosis associated with meningioma and review the literature on the subject for a total of six cases. The age of patients ranged from 9 months to 33 years. All cases were single lesions, and none had clinical evidence of neurofibromatosis type 2. Meningiomas in children have been regarded as having more aggressive behavior than their adult counterparts, with more frequent invasion of the underlying brain. The lack of correlation between brain invasion and recurrence observed in series of meningiomas in young patients may suggest that some of these lesions are meningioangiomatosis associated with meningioma rather than invasive meningiomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/154. Extensive destruction of the eyeball by invasion of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid.BACKGROUND: Eyeball destruction caused by invasion of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid. CASE: A 100-year-old woman showed extensive eyeball destruction caused by the invasion of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid. Complete ophthalmologic examinations, including computed tomographic (CT) scans of the orbit, were performed. The patient underwent incisional biopsy and bacteriological examination of the exudate from the lesion. OBSERVATIONS: Orbital CT scan showed a mass in the extraconal space of the right orbit, with extension to the adjacent sinus cavity without brain involvement. The remnant of the eyeball was posteriorly displaced. pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified by culture examination of the exudate. Histological study of the biopsy specimen showed basal cell carcinoma of the noduloulcerative type. CONCLUSIONS: Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid had caused severe periorbital and eyeball destruction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/154. cardiopulmonary bypass technique for treatment of renal cell carcinoma extending into the vena cava.cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a unique technique used widely for renal cell carcinoma patients showing inferior vena cava invasion. We used a modification of CPB technique for 2 patients. These patients were managed with CPB without cross clamping and so without cold potassium cardioplegia. The primary tumor was a renal cell carcinoma propagating into the inferior vena cava and going into the right atrium as a thrombus in both patients. As a surgical procedure the urology team did nephrectomy and then with our clinical techniques we used CPB to cool the patients to 20 degrees C and decreased the flow to 500 ml/min/m2. The heart went into spontaneous ventricular fibrillation without using cross clamping and cardioplegia. Then we did atrial and inferior vena caval thrombectomy in a bloodless and visible operation field within a safe time interval. The aim of using this technique is to prevent myocardial injury and to protect the brain from hypoxia by using this low flow technique. This method can be used safely for the management of renal cell carcinomas and for some retroperitoneal malignancies associated with vena caval and atrial involvement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/154. Right temporal lobe glioblastoma presenting in the left orbit. Case report.Dissemination of gliomas outside the central nervous system without preceding neurosurgery is a rare phenomenon. Glial neoplasms presenting as bone lesions are even more rare. A case of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with initial presentation in the orbit following a single generalized seizure is described. Signs of intracranial hypertension resulted from subarachnoid tumor invasion. The patient was treated with whole-dose radiation therapy but survived for only 6 months following the initial presentation. An autopsy revealed a right temporal GBM with extensive subarachnoid spread and invasion in the left orbit and skull base. The literature on dissemination of primary tumors of the brain is reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8944774565929keywords = central nervous system, brain, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/154. meningioma of the internal auditory canal with extension into the vestibule.Meningiomas account for approximately 18 to 19 per cent of all brain tumours. Although they can arise in numerous locations, meningiomas of the internal auditory canal (IAC) are rare. Most tumours that originate in the IAC are schwannomas of the VIIIth cranial nerve (acoustic neuromas). We report a case of a meningioma which appears to originate from the IAC and extends into the vestibule. The clinical findings and the radiographical features of meningiomas of the IAC are similar to those of acoustic neuromas. Pre-operative differentiation between acoustic neuromas and meningiomas of the IAC may be difficult.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/154. Primary malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system presenting with ascites and pleural effusion.A 70-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital owing to ascites and pleural effusion. Though malignant cells (B-cell type lymphoma) were detected in both the ascites and pleural effusion, neither lymph node swelling nor a tumor was detected upon chest, abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT). After weekly THP-COP therapy for 8 weeks, the ascites and pleural effusion completely disappeared. Two years after the first admission, she was re-admitted because of a disturbance of consciousness, and a brain tumor was detected on CT scan. The immunohistological and genetic data for the brain tumor were identical to those of the malignant cells in the pleural effusion and ascites detected 2 years previously. Whereas the symptoms at onset of a primary lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) are usually neurological ones, in this rare case of primary CNS lymphoma, the symptoms at onset were the ascites and pleural effusion without neurological symptoms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7.9723872829644keywords = central nervous system, brain, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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