1/16. Fatal disseminated conidiobolus coronatus infection in a renal transplant patient.A case of fatal disseminated fungal infection due to conidiobolus coronatus in a patient with a renal transplant is described. This organism, known to cause localized infections in otherwise healthy individuals in the tropics, is now recognized as a cause of fatal infection in immunosuppressed hosts. Histologically, localized infections are characterized by lack of vessel invasion and the presence of an eosinophilic sleeve around fungal elements, called the Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon. The histologic findings in the present case were more typical of mucormycosis, and the correct diagnosis was established only after the organism was isolated and identified in culture.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/16. Operative intervention in active endocarditis in children: report of a series of cases and review.We describe in detail 14 children (age, less than or equal to 19 years) who underwent operative intervention during active infection of the heart and/or great vessels. The series included five children less than 6 years old, who constitute 10% of all such cases reported in this age group to date. We also review the 132 published reports in which children underwent operative intervention during active endocarditis. We found the following: (1) The survival rate for all cases was 77%. (2) Persistent infection, embolic phenomena, and increasing congestive heart failure were the most frequent indications for operative intervention. (3) Survival rates were independent of the duration of preoperative antibiotic treatment. (4) Survival rates were independent of positive results of cultures of blood or tissue obtained at operation. (5) The perioperative mortality in our series was 14%. (6) Only 67% of patients had conditions thought to predispose to endocarditis. (7) Except for removal of catheter-associated cardiac masses from neonates, operative intervention in active endocarditis was uncommon among children less than 4 years old. (8) staphylococcus aureus and viridans streptococci were the etiologic agents in the majority of cases of endocarditis requiring operation during active infection in children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/16. malassezia furfur--disseminated infection in premature infants.Three infants, born prematurely, died after clinical illnesses of 67, 65, and 60 days from infection by malassezia furfur. Each infant had been nourished with lipid emulsions delivered through deep-line catheters. The infections, all discovered at autopsy, were characterized by massive involvement of lungs. Two of the three had endocardial vegetations containing M. furfur; all three had lesions in liver, kidney, and spleen, and two had lesions in adrenal, pancreas, and colon. In addition, one of the infants had acute meningoencephalitis caused by M. furfur. In some of the distant organs, yeast cells of M. furfur were growing in the lumina of small vessels, filling the lumina, but causing no vasculitis or infarction. In addition to these benign collections of yeasts within vessels, there were acute inflammatory lesions as well. These were consolidation, vasculitis, granulomatous inflammation, septic thrombosis, and septic infarction of lung and foci of necrosis and inflammation in kidney and liver. Two previously reported autopsies described neonates with lesions in lung and heart. The authors' three cases for which autopsies were performed had lesions in lung and heart too but, in addition, had dissemination with acute lesions in kidney and liver. Finally, one patient had a severe meningoencephalitis caused by M. furfur.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/16. Hirano body in an inflammatory cell of leptomeningeal vessel infected by fungus paecilomyces.An intracytoplasmic microfilamentous lattice, ultrastructurally identical to Hirano body, was found in an inflammatory cell within a leptomeningeal vessel wall infected by fungus paecilomyces javanicus. The structure was well preserved and not associated with phagosomes. This is the first report of Hirano body found in an inflammatory cell at the site of fungal infection. The present finding suggests that the formation of Hirano body is non-specific and not restricted to the cell of the neuro-muscular system.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/16. Gastrointestinal phycomycosis in acute nonlymphatic leukemia.A 37-year-old patient with acute nonlymphatic leukemia developed gastrointestinal phycomycosis during failure in bone marrow production. The clinical presentation was of acute typhlitis. laparotomy revealed a necrotic mass in the region of the iliocecal valve, and on histologic examination hyphae of phycomycetes with invasion of the blood vessels were seen. The patient died as a result of widespread infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/16. Disseminated petriellidosis (allescheriosis).Disseminated infection by Petriellidium (Allescheria) boydii occurred in an immunosuppressed renal allograft recipient. A probable airborne pulmonary infection underwent hematogenous spread to the brain, thyroid, and heart. The organism develops septate, branching hyphae in tissue and may be misdiagnosed as aspergillus. The basic pathologic lesions are necrosis with a predominantly polymorphonuclear leukocytic reaction and abscess formation, and a mild granulomatous response with macrophages and multinucleated giant cells. A particular tropism for blood vessels was observed. The vascular organs, brain, and thyroid have been involved in all three disseminated cases reported thus far.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/16. Phialemonium obovatum infection in a burned child.Phialemonium obovatum is reported for the first time as an opportunistic fungal pathogen of man. The fungus was recovered from biopsy specimens consisting of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue obtained from thermal burn wounds antemortem and from spleen tissue and three burn sites postmortem. The hyaline hypae of P. obovatum were seen invading viable tissue and blood vessels. The taxonomy of the genus Phialemonium and the criteria for determining fungal burn wound invasion are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/16. myocardial infarction caused by cardiac disease in disseminated zygomycosis.A case of disseminated zygomycosis is described, in which myocardial infarction rather than coincident coronary or heart disease was seen at necropsy. As zygomycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection, which tends to invade blood vessels, thereby causing thrombosis and infarction, it is surprising that cardiac disease is unusual and that premortem evidence of such disease has only rarely been reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/16. Opportunistic fungal infection by fusarium oxysporum in a renal transplant patient.A white female with chronic glomerular nephritis received a renal transplant in 1971. After 1 year, Livido Reticularis (LR) developed and in 1976 erythematous, painful nodules formed on the LR and ulcerated. The patient also suffered diffuse calcification of the major blood vessels and small arterioles of the extremities with progressive necrosis and gangrene of the fingers. hyperparathyroidism was evident. The necrotic ulcers yielded candida albicans and fusarium oxysporum; both organisms were seen in histological preparations. The ulcers were excised and grafted; no specific antifungal therapy was given.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/16. Multiple fungal aneurysms: report of a rare case implicating steroid as predisposing factor.A 61-year-old man with a ruptured aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery developed hemorrhagic cerebral infarction 22 days after an operation associated with occlusion of the right angular artery. Angiograms further revealed sequential changes of intracranial vessels including progressive obstructions of the right anterior and middle cerebral arteries and four aneurysms on the left pericallosal artery. Subsequently, the patient became comatose and died. At autopsy the newly formed aneurysms originating from the left pericallosal artery were of fungal (Phycomycetes) origin and numerous nonseptate, branching hyphae were also seen in the obstructed cerebral arteries. Intracranial fungal aneurysms are reviewed in the literature and the pathogenesis in the present case is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |