1/29. Cryptic Mucor infection leading to massive cerebral infarction at initiation of antileukemic chemotherapy.A 74-year-old man with newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia unexpectedly suffered a massive cerebral infarct on day 2 of induction chemotherapy. Clinically, the hemorrhagic infarct was thought to be due to leukostasis and thrombocytopenia. Necropsy, however, revealed that Zygomycetes-type hyphae had infiltrated cerebral vessels in and near the infarct. The fungal infection was clinically silent otherwise, although fungal elements were also identified in the lung at autopsy. This case illustrates how closely fungal infection may resemble a leukemia-associated cerebrovascular accident.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/29. Pulmonary mucormycosis caused by cunninghamella elegans in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia.cunninghamella elegans was cultured from autopsy materials of the infected lung of a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The histologic sections revealed extensive growth of nonseptate, broad hyphae in and about the large and small arteries and veins, occluding the vessels. This case is believed to be the second in which human infection by C. elegans has been documented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/29. Pulmonary rhizopus infection in a diabetic renal transplant recipient.Infectious complications after renal transplantation remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality. mucormycosis is a rare infection in renal transplant recipients; however, mortality is exceedingly high. risk factors predisposing to this disease include prolonged neutropenia, diabetes, and patients who are immunosuppressed (Singh N, Gayowski T, Singh J, Yu LV. Invasive gastrointestinal zygomycosis in a liver transplant recipient: case report and review of zygomycosis in solid-organ transplant recipients, Clin Infect Dis 1995: 20: 617). life-threatening infections can occur, as this fungus has the propensity to invade blood vessel endothelium, resulting in hematological dissemination. We report a case of cavitary rhizopus lung infection, 2 months after renal transplantation, where the patient was treated successfully with amphotericin b and surgical resection of the lesions with preservation of his allograft function. In this era of intensified immunosuppression, we may see an increased incidence of mucormycosis in transplant population. Invasive diagnostic work-up is mandatory in case of suspicion; amphotericin b and, in selected cases, surgical resection are the mainstays of therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 48.137306623209keywords = blood vessel, vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/29. Acute isolated cerebral mucormycosis in a patient with high grade non-Hodgkins lymphoma.A 57-year-old female in complete remission of grade IV non-Hodgkin lymphoma whilst on intensive chemotherapy, suddenly developed unilateral hemispheric stroke with a fatal outcome in 3 days. She was apyrexial and had received antifungal prophylaxis during her treatment. Post-mortem examination showed complete thrombosis of the internal carotid artery leading to infarction in the territory of the middle and anterior cerebral arteries. Microscopic examination of the brain showed involvement of intra-cranial vessel walls and brain parenchyma by mucormyces, with no evidence of systemic mucormycosis. Isolated cerebral mucormycosis is a rare occurrence, more commonly found in intravenous drug abusers, but can occur in patients with haematological malignancy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/29. Pulmonary mucormycosis in a diabetic patient.We present the case of a 54 year-old male from Moldavia with diabetes mellitus (type II diabetic), admitted to hospital in January 1999, with ketoacidosis and consolidation of the lower left lobe. The diagnosis of mucormycosis was confirmed by identification of large, nonseptate hyphae of the order mucorales. A strain of rhizopus oryzae (rhizopus arrhizus) was isolated from culture on sabouraud medium. The patient was treated by systemic amphotericin b, associated with surgical debridement (lobectomy).The treatment with amphotericin b was stopped after ten days and the patient was completely asymptomatic and returned to Moldavia. Mucormycoses are rare, and tend to be encountered in individuals with predisposing factors such as malignant blood disorders (immunocompromised patients) or diabetes mellitus. prognosis is poor, resembling infection with aspergillus, despite aggressive treatment as in the present case. The gravity of the condition can be accounted for by the thrombotic and necrosing nature of the fungal invasion of lung vessels.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/29. Pulmonary mucoraceous fungal ball.A case of opportunistic pulmonary infection in the form of fungal ball produced by the family of mucoraceae in the class of phycomycetes having nonseptate hyphae (cellophane tubules) with haphazard branching in a post-tubercular immunocompetent patient is described. Clinical course was chronic with right upper lobe cavity invaded by fungi of mucor species, pathology was granuloma with blood vessel thrombosis, and a fungus ball. The host had no associated predisposing diseases. Segmental resectional surgery of the right upper lobe along with removal of fungus ball under the coverage of modified dose of amphotericin b was performed. literature scanning revealed rarity of mucormycosis in immunocompetent host.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 48.137306623209keywords = blood vessel, vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/29. Acute rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis.Report of the typical clinical course and pathological findings in acute rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis following diabetic coma. Invasion of orbital nerves by the fungus with neural and perineural changes may contribute to the neuroophthalmological symptoms in this disease besides the predilection for blood vessels with consequent thrombosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 48.137306623209keywords = blood vessel, vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/29. Rhinoorbital mucormycosis secondary to rhizopus oryzae: a case report and literature review.mucormycosis is a form of fulminant invasive fungal infection of the sinonasal tract that often extends to the orbit, brain, palate, and skin. It is caused by members of the order mucorales, and it is considered to be the most fatal fungal infection known to man because it is rapidly disseminated by the blood vessels. It is most commonly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis, hematologic malignancies, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and immunosuppressive therapy. This rare opportunistic infection exists in many forms, the most common of which is rhinocerebral mucormycosis. Treatment includes aggressive surgical debridement of the necrotic tissue combined with systemic antifungal therapy. In this case report, we describe the successful management of rhinoorbital mucormycosis, a subtype of the rhinocerebral variety, secondary to rhizopus oryzae that developed in a patient with lymphoma. We review the diagnostic work-up and discuss the literature with respect to the presentation, pathophysiology, management, and outcome of the disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 48.137306623209keywords = blood vessel, vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/29. Pseudoaneurysm of pulmonary artery in mucormycosis. Radiographic characteristics and management.Pulmonary mucormycosis is a rare and almost invariably fatal complication that can occur in the context of severe deficits in host defenses. Antemortem diagnosis is difficult and requires a high index of suspicion together with invasive diagnostic techniques. Mucor species exhibit a pronounced affinity to invade vessels; mucormycosis involving the pulmonary vasculature has rarely been documented antemortem, and survival in this context has been rare. In this report, we describe a patient with chronic renal failure and systemic lupus erythematosus who developed extensive invasion of the left main pulmonary artery by mucormycosis. Chest computed tomographic (CT) scans and pulmonary arteriogram demonstrated a massive pseudoaneurysm of the left pulmonary artery; these radiographic findings have not previously been described in mucormycosis. Aggressive combination therapy, employing preoperative amphotericin b (AmB) followed by surgical resection (pneumonectomy) and a full course of AmB, was curative. This favorable outcome supports the role of surgery as adjunctive therapy, and it underscores the need for early diagnosis and aggressive treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/29. Nosocomial pulmonary rhizopus diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage with cytology in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.rhizopus species is an opportunistic fungus that is contracted by inhalation of aerosolized spores. early diagnosis is often difficult but is a necessity to prevent rapid progression of the infection that leads to blood vessel invasion by hyphae, causing fatal hemoptysis. A previous case report described the utility of cytologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in achieving a prompt diagnosis of rhizopus species in an adolescent patient with diabetic ketoacidosis. The author presents a case that further describes the benefit of performing BAL fluid cytology to help identify fungal morphology characteristics in order to reach an expeditious diagnosis of rhizopus species in a leukemia patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 48.137306623209keywords = blood vessel, vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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