1/18. Aseptic meningitis caused by Teflon implantation for microvascular decompression. Case report.The authors present the case of a 47-year-old man who, after undergoing microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia, experienced symptomatic pain relief but developed prolonged aseptic meningitis. This case is unusual in that the patient remained dependent on steroid medications for nearly 5 months following the initial surgery and the aseptic meningitis did not resolve until after surgical removal of the Teflon used to pad the trigeminal nerve. The pathophysiological characteristics of the body's reaction to implanted Teflon are discussed along with the rationale for removing this substance in cases of prolonged intractable aseptic meningitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/18. rheumatoid factor positive hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis in association with hypopituitarism and multiple cranial nerve palsies.This is the first report of a patient presenting with rheumatoid factor (RF) positive hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (HCP) in association with hypopituitarism and multiple cranial nerve palsies. Our patient developed palsies of the left II and III, bilateral VI and VII, and right IX, X, and XII cranial nerves. A stimulation test showed hypopituitarism due to hypothalamic failure. The patient was seropositive for RF but had no multiple joint pain or deformities. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed thickened dura of the sellar and parasellar region, hypothalamus, bilateral cavernous sinuses and the tentorium all of which were enhanced by gadolinium (Gd). Treatment with prednisone improved clinical symptoms and MRI findings concomitant with reduction of RF titer. Although the exact mechanism of HCP has not been clearly elucidated, the present case suggests an autoimmune mechanism associated with RF.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/18. Unilateral facial paralysis occurring in an infant with enteroviral otitis media and aseptic meningitis.We report the case of a four month old infant presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with irritability and facial asymmetry following a recent bout of gastroenteritis. physical examination revealed a unilateral peripheral facial nerve paralysis. Common in older children and adults, facial nerve palsy has rarely been described in infancy. Although historically associated with a variety of inflammatory and infectious causes, the pathogenesis remains unclear. In this infant we were able to successfully identify an underlying acute enteroviral infection. Coxsackie B5 was isolated from the middle ear fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), nasopharyngeal and rectal swabs. After myringotomy drainage of the middle ear fluid and placement of pneumatic equalization tubes, there was rapid and complete resolution of facial paralysis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/18. Long-term follow-up of patients with nonparalytic poliomyelitis.OBJECTIVE: To examine patients with previous nonparalytic poliomyelitis in search of muscle atrophy, weakness, and other late symptoms of poliomyelitis. DESIGN: A mailed questionnaire followed up with neurologic and neurophysiologic examinations of respondents who reported symptoms possibly related to the late sequelae of polio. SETTING: neurology department at a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-nine of 47 patients diagnosed with nonparalytic poliomyelitis and hospitalized at a Norwegian hospital between 1950 and 1954, during the Norwegian polio epidemic. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: electromyography to determine function of the anterior tibialis, vastus lateralis, and biceps brachii muscles; nerve conduction studies of the sural, peroneal, and tibial nerves; motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity, and compound muscle and sensory nerve action potentials, and distal latencies. RESULTS: Twenty-five of 47 patients (53.2%) reported symptoms possibly related to the late sequelae of poliomyelitis. Eight of 20 examined symptomatic patients had normal neurologic and neurophysiologic findings, whereas 9 others had other medical conditions that could explain the symptoms. Three patients (6.7%) had neurologic and neurophysiologic findings and development of symptoms consistent with motoneuron damage. CONCLUSION: Some nonparalytic patients may have subclinical acute motoneuron damage with subsequent development and manifestation of motor weakness and neuromuscular symptoms many years later. These symptoms should be considered a differential diagnosis in patients who have a history of nonparalytic poliomyelitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/18. Aseptic meningitis during combined continuous spinal and epidural analgesia.Continuous spinal analgesia (CSA) offers considerable advantages: (1) it requires 10% of the local anesthetic; (2) it may be instituted after patient positioning, thus minimizing the potential for cardiovascular instability; and (3) with low doses of dilute short-acting local anesthetic, the recovery period is shortened (1). Continuous spinal analgesia has been used for various procedures such as surgery and cancer pain control. However, CSA has not gained wide popularity because of its possible complications, such as headache, nerve injury, infection and accidental removal or migration of the catheter. Although real possibilities, these complications have been rarely documented. We describe an episode of aseptic meningitis during combined CSA and EA.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/18. Acute sterile meningitis as a primary manifestation of pituitary apoplexy.pituitary apoplexy is a rare and underdiagnosed clinical syndrome. It results from hemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland. In its classical form it is characterized by acute headache, ophthalmoplegia, visual loss and pituitary insufficiency. Meningeal irritation signs, clinically indistinguishable from infectious meningitis, are considered rare and have not been reported as presenting signs. We report a 53-yr-old man who was admitted to hospital following acute headache, fever, neck stiffness and paresis of the left oculomotor and abducent nerves. A lumbar puncture revealed an increased number of polymorphs but with a sterile cerebral spinal fluid. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intrasellar mass with central necrosis in an enlarged sella. Endocrinological evaluation demonstrated insufficient thyroid, adrenocortical, and gonadal function. necrosis within a chromophobe adenoma was found upon surgical decompression of the sella. After surgery anterior panhypopituitarism did not recover, while ophthalmoplegia subsided. The patient is now in good health under appropriate hormonal replacement therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/18. Aseptic meningitis caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus in two immunocompetent patients.Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) may be a more frequent causative factor of aseptic meningitis than previously anticipated. Here we present 2 cases of reactivation of VZV in immunocompetent individuals, resulting in meningitis and affection of multiple cranial nerves, and discuss the incidence, clinical spectrum, pathogenesis, diagnostics and options for treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/18. Anaerobic meningitis secondary to a rectothecal fistula arising from an anterior sacral meningocele: report of a case and review of the literature.An anterior sacral meningocele is a diverticulum of the thecal sac protruding anteriorly from the sacral spinal canal into the extraperitoneal presacral space. It is a rare congenital anomaly comprising of a thin wall of fibrous connective tissue, and containing cerebrospinal fluid and, occasionally, adjacent nerve fibers. We report an unusual case of a 48-year-old male who presented with meningitis secondary to a rectothecal fistula arising from an anterior sacral meningocele.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/18. Sudden hearing loss as the sole manifestation of neurosarcoidosis.sarcoidosis is a chronic, idiopathic granulomatous disease with frequent pulmonary, ocular, and lymphatic systemic manifestations. central nervous system involvement is rare (1% to 5%), yet the most frequent presenting symptoms (48%) in patients with neurosarcoidosis are neurologic. Eighth cranial nerve abnormalities occur in 20% of these patients, typically in association with other cranial neuropathies or overt systemic disease. Isolated eighth nerve disease is very rare. We report two cases of neurosarcoidosis manifest as isolated, sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss, one of which had a cerebellopontine angle (CPA) granuloma that mimicked an acoustic neuroma. Both patients experienced marked steroid-induced hearing improvement that persisted after termination of therapy. Brainstem evoked response audiometry (BSER) abnormality persisted despite normalization of audiologic parameters. The implications for diagnosis and treatment of sarcoidosis-induced hearing loss are described. Neurosarcoidosis must be considered when evaluating patients with sudden hearing loss. Prompt steroid therapy offers hope for significant hearing recovery in these patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/18. Papilloedema and cranial nerve palsies complicating apparent benign aseptic meningitis.Three patients who presented with apparently uncomplicated aseptic meningitis subsequently developed papilloedema and sixth cranial nerve palsies between 11 and 16 days after the onset of the illness. All three patients recovered completely without treatment. Raised intracranial pressure is a poorly recognized complication of aseptic meningitis that may represent a post-infective or 'allergic' response to an enteroviral infection. While clinicians should be aware of this possible complication of aseptic meningitis, differentiation from tuberculous meningitis may be difficult necessitating empirical treatment with anti-TB drugs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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