1/6. Management pitfalls in the use of embolization for the treatment of severe epistaxis.Angiographic embolization for the treatment of severe recurrent epistaxis was added to the traditional treatment options--nasal packing, cauterization, and surgical vessel ligation--in 1974. Since then, clinical experience has shown that this procedure is safe and effective. When epistaxis cannot be controlled with cautery, nasal packing is the most common next step. As such, it is often performed by emergency physicians and other clinicians who are not otolaryngologists. We report two cases in which intranasal neoplasms were obscured as a result of a significant distortion of the normal anatomy. This distortion was secondary to emergency-room treatment of severe epistaxis by repeated nasal packing followed by angiographic embolization. Pre-embolization angiographic studies and subsequent postembolization endoscopic evaluations did not reveal the presence of the occult neoplasms because of the presence of inflammation and edema after treatment. Clinicians should be aware that nasal packing and embolization can obscure the underlying source of epistaxis, and follow-up radiologic studies and endoscopic evaluations are essential to avoid delays in diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/6. Epithelioid angiosarcoma of the maxillary sinus and the maxilla: a case report and review of the literature.Epithelioid angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor that arises from the endothelium of the blood vessels. In the head and neck area, most of these lesions affect the scalp and facial soft tissues, and the maxillary sinus and the maxilla are among the rarest locations involved. In this paper, we present a case of angiosarcoma of the left maxillary sinus, with extension into the left maxilla. We review the literature and discuss the differential diagnosis of endothelial neoplasms and the management and the prognosis of this tumor.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/6. Late effect of external eye irradiation on choroidal circulation.PURPOSE: To report two cases of atypical late onset radiation chorioretinopathy occurring 15 and 25 years post exposure and the indocyanine green (ICG) angiographic findings in these patients. methods: Clinical examination and imaging including fluorescein and ICG angiography were performed. RESULT: Fundus examination of the first patient revealed microangiopathy with intraretinal hemorrhages, lipid exudation, telangiectatic and aneurysmal capillary changes. indocyanine green angiography showed an apparent chorioretinal anastomosis and delayed perfusion of the choriocapillaris. Fundus examination of the second patient revealed a pigment epithelial detachment and retinal pigment epithelial changes. indocyanine green angiography showed atypical, tortuous, dilated, choroidal vessels as well as areas of hypoperfusion. Both patients had multiple dot-like hyperfluorescent spots in the midphase of the ICG angiogram. CONCLUSIONS: External radiation exposure may lead to both retinal and choroidal alterations which may be independent events and which may manifest after a long period of quiescence. Furthermore, ICG angiography appears to be a useful diagnostic tool to study the alterations of the choroid following external eye irradiation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/6. Therapeutic arterial embolisation of vascular lesions in the maxillofacial region.The technique of therapeutic arterial embolisation involves the introduction of a thrombus-inducing material into the lumen of a blood vessel to occlude the vessel and reduce the blood supply to a lesion or to a specific part of the body. It is particularly useful in the maxillofacial region in the management of vascular lesions where marked diminution in blood flow can be achieved. This paper reviews the procedure and the materials for embolisation, and describes four patients for whom it was of considerable assistance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/6. Real-time digital subtraction angiography for therapeutic neuroradiologic procedures.Procedural control during therapeutic neuroradiologic procedures is generally based on repeated angiograms to assess the degree to which embolization has reduced abnormal blood flow. Due to the complex craniofacial skeletal anatomy that is superimposed over lesions in this area, subtraction studies are usually required to see the vessels and visualize a tumor stain satisfactorily. We have used a device incorporating continuous recursive digital video filtration, which allows the operator to view a subtracted fluoroscopic image of each control angiographic sequence in real time. The advantages of this technique for therapeutic procedures are described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/6. myxoma of the maxillary antrum in children.Myxomas of the maxillary antrum are rare tumours, particularly in childhood. Although circumscribed, they are often more extensive than apparent and so tend to recur despite their benign nature. Myxomas are gelatinous and are composed of stellate and spindle cells embedded in an abundant alcian blue-positive, mucoid stroma in which blood vessels are often scattered throughout the tumour. Three patients with maxillary myxomas, all presenting in infancy or early childhood, are described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |