1/12. Orthodontic treatment in handicapped children: report of four cases.Mentally and physically handicapped children show in the orofacial system motor-sensitivity disturbances and malocclusions of varying severity. These dysfunctions affect the breathing and speech ability and inhibit the food intake. Myotherapeutic exercises for strengthening of lip and tongue muscles and orthodontic treatment of the malocclusions help provide esthetic and functional improvements in these patients. The limited compliance necessitates a differentiated procedure during the diagnostic and therapeutic process and demands compromises in some cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. Traumatic lesions of the gingiva: a case series.BACKGROUND: The most recent classification of periodontal diseases includes a new section on traumatic gingival lesions. Traumatic lesions of the gingiva are thought to be highly prevalent, yet the periodontal literature contains few references on the topic. The purpose of this article is to present a broad spectrum of traumatic gingival lesions of iatrogenic, accidental, and factitious origin. methods: Twelve clinical cases were selected to document chemical (due to aspirin, snuff, and peroxide), physical (due to malocclusion, flossing, removable partial denture, oral piercing, and self-inflicted trauma), and thermal (due to overheated ultrasonic scaler, hot food, and ice) injury to the gingiva. RESULTS: Chemical, physical, and thermal gingival injuries of iatrogenic, accidental, or factitious origin can have a variety of presentations with overlapping clinical features. Although the appearance and associated symptoms of a gingival lesion may be suggestive of a particular traumatic etiology, useful or confirmatory diagnostic information is often discovered through careful history-taking. The management of gingival injuries typically requires elimination of the insult and symptomatic therapy. If permanent gingival defects resulted from the injury, periodontal plastic surgery may be necessary. CONCLUSIONS: A variety of chemical, physical, and thermal injuries may involve the gingiva. Accidental and iatrogenic injuries are often acute and self-limiting, while factitious injuries tend to be more chronic in nature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. Orthodontic management of orofacial problems in young people with impairments: review of the literature and case reports.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to present a series of cases illustrating possible options for the management of malocclusions in a group of young people with impairments. Design. The study took the form of a case series. methods: A review of the literature is presented and a series of illustrative cases are shown to indicate that orthodontic treatment is possible in patients with a range of impairments. RESULTS: Five children with varying intellectual and/or physical impairments, and a malocclusion that resulted in trauma or increased disability, are presented. CONCLUSION: The risks and benefits of the procedures, and the anticipated oral health outcomes, need to be considered carefully in this group of children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. Hurler's syndrome: dental findings in a case treated with bone marrow transplantation in infancy.Hurler's syndrome, also known as mucopolysaccharidosis i (MPS I-H), is a rare condition inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. It is caused by a deficiency in alpha-L-iduronidase, an enzyme that participates in the degradation of the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) heparin sulphate and dermatan sulphate. Children with Hurler's syndrome appear nearly normal at birth but, left untreated, show a progressive mental and physical deterioration caused by a build-up of GAGs in all organs of the body. death is often caused by cardiac or respiratory failure and usually occurs before the second decade of life. In recent years, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has been employed in the management of patients with Hurler's syndrome. However, the dental findings observed in these cases have not previously been reported in the dental literature. Here we report a patient aged 11 years and 6 months, presented to a Specialist Paediatric dentistry Unit, who was successfully treated by BMT at 18 months of age.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. Dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa.Dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa is an uncommon event. A case report is presented based on a patient (32-year-old female) who sustained a traumatic left condyle fracture with superior dislocation into the middle cranial fossa due to a high-speed car accident. The diagnosis was done four months after trauma. Via a preauricular approach, left condylectomy and transposition of temporal muscle flap was performed. Postoperatively, the patient stayed for two weeks with intermaxillary fixation and four months of physical therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. Severe proliferative congenital temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a proposed treatment protocol utilizing distraction osteogenesis.The classical treatment for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis in children: 1) joint release; 2) arthroplasty; 3) reconstruction; and 4) postoperative physical therapy (PT), is often unsuccessful. Postoperative physical therapy is difficult in the young patient due to poor cooperation. Moreover, there is a subgroup of patients who have a refractory congenital proliferative bony process that is the cause of their disease. In these patients, a role for distraction osteogenesis (DO) has been defined. We present a series of young patients with congenital proliferative TMJ ankylosis. Some have failed classic treatment. In such cases, DO is used to expand the mandibular size and soft tissue matrix. This creates a static open bite, facilitates mid-facial growth, and avoids compromise of the airway, speech, nutrition, and oral hygiene. To maintain these objectives, mandibular DO may be repeated as the child matures. Once skeletal maturity is reached, DO is used to normalize occlusion and further expand the soft tissue envelope prior to definitive reconstruction and aggressive post-op PT. In seven patients, this protocol has been used. Five patients are currently in the active phase of growth and undergoing interim treatment with mandibular DO. Two patients have reached skeletal maturity and have completed the protocol of DO with definitive arthroplasty and reconstruction. DO is a valuable aid in the treatment of the problematic child with congenital proliferative TMJ ankylosis. Interim DO, prior to definitive arthroplasty and reconstruction, can provide a static open bite that prevents progressive deformity and its associated functional disturbances.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. The psychological and behavioral considerations of orthognathic surgery on identical (monozygotic) twins.The psychologic and behavioral changes that may occur with the impact of orthognathic surgery on the physical appearance of an identical twin set have been addressed. This unique situation has not been discussed in the literature with respect to reconstructive or cosmetic facial surgery. A report on elective orthognathic surgery performed on identical twins and the subsequent impact on the twin relationship due to alterations of "self-image phenomenon" is given. Such an impact was a consideration in this case. Further collective study in this area is needed but is difficult to obtain because of the rarity of occurrence of this type of case.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. The beckwith-wiedemann syndrome in a six year old boy.A 6 year-old boy who has many of the physical manifestations of the beckwith-wiedemann syndrome has been reviewed regularly because of the increased risk of developing intra-abdominal neoplasms, hormonal and biochemical disorders and facial deformity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. The effects of nasomaxillary injury on future facial growth.The appearance of results of injury to the columella, the nasal septum, and the nasal bones, in particular, has been well described. Anomalies of the maxilla and global facial balance secondary to nasomaxillary injury are less well known. Three cases involving children, aged 11, 14, and 17 years, who had suffered nasomaxillary injury at least 8 years earlier as a result of physical beating, were studied with the use of photographs and architectural craniofacial lateral cephalometric radiographic analysis. The architectural craniofacial analysis of Delaire produced a graphic representation of the resultant maxillofacial deformities rather than a description of the deformities in terms of deviation from a statistical mean. Traumatic injury to the nasomaxillary complex provides an experimental model that implicates the role of the cartilaginous nasal septum and local functional conditions in the growth of the nasomaxillary complex. The importance of the functional premaxillary skeletal unit in balanced facial growth allows better understanding of the pathophysiology of malformation of this region.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. Muscular contraction headache and dental imbalance.A physical explanation for the contraction of the muscles of mastication, in muscular contraction headache, is described. It is suggested the role of tension is over emphasized as the main aetiological factor. In the younger dentate group, the presence of dental imbalance requires diagnosis by a dental practitioner. In the older, edentulous group, the family physician can easily diagnose mandibular overclosure from the facies (Fig. 1) or absence of molar teeth (Fig. 7) especially if combined with wearing the same set of dentures for more than ten years. When these signs are present, the family physician should consider referring such patients for a dental opinion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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