1/4. Partial situs inversus: duodenal obstruction in a neonate with isolated levocardia.An unusual case of duodenal obstruction in an infant with isolated levocardia is described. The following anatomic features were shown preoperatively: (1) duodenal obstruction; (2) right-sided stomach and spleen; (3) left-sided liver; (4) totally right-sided located colon in mirror image nonrotation; and (5) levocardia without any defect or dysfunction. The mentioned findings were verified intraoperatively and the cause of the duodenal obstruction was found to be an aberrant vessel. This case is a rare one regarding the lack of heart and spleen defects and the cause of duodenal obstruction. It also demonstrates the necessity of meticulous investigation and precise description of the anomaly and suggests individualization as far as the management of these cases is concerned.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/4. Congenitally corrected transposition in the adult: detection by radionuclide angiocardiography.Congenitally corrected transposition (CCT) of the great vessels is an uncommon anomaly usually detected in children because of associated severe cardiac malformations. When these are absent, patients may be hemodynamically normal, but associated cardiac abnormalities are usually present in CCT, leading to symptoms in adulthood. When CCT is suggested in an adult, diagnosis by means of ultrasound may be difficult. Radionuclide angiocardiography (RA) is a simple, noninvasive method by which to diagnose CCT. We found consistent morphologic scintigraphic results in 13 patients with proved CCT, leading to establishment of reliable diagnostic criteria. In all instances of situs solitus the aorta ascends and descends on the left with vertical orientation. In the case of situs inversus, the aorta ascends and descends on the right with vertical orientation. Our criteria are independent of the situs and cardiac position, unlike earlier reports by others. We believe images obtained in the anterior projection are sufficient for the study. The practical application of RA study in patient diagnosis is demonstrated, giving special attention to patients referred because of situs solitus and dextrocardia, in which CCT is known to be present in 50% of cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/4. The horizontal interventricular septum. Three cases with different ventriculoarterial connections.Three hearts sharing the anatomical peculiarity of a horizontal interventricular septum are described. In one, both great vessels originate from the superior right ventricle, in the other the great arteries are connected normally, the third one shows a single aortic trunc. It is concluded that the horizontal interventricular septum has to be considered as an independent cardiac deformity occurring with most types of ventriculoarterial connections. Assuming rotation of the bulboventricular loop around a base-apex-axis as the basic ontogenetic event one can trace this morphology back to its original layout. It is, therefore, possible to classify each case according to the usual nomenclature regarding the horizontal septum and the upstairs-downstairs arrangement of the ventricles as an addition. This embryological event of rotation is considered the product of a restraightening process of the previously looped cardiac tube.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/4. An elderly case of mixed levocardia with situs inversus including inverted atria and complete transposition of the great vessels--an autopsied case.We reported on the autopsy of a 35-year-old man who had mixed levocardia with situs inversus including atrial inversion, transposition of the great vessels, and other complex cardiac malformations. levocardia was discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |