1/25. Cerebral edema and priapism in an adolescent with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.priapism and increased intracranial pressure are both rare, but recognized, manifestations of leukemia. However, they have never been reported in the same patient. We report a 15-year-old male with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented with hyperleukocytosis, priapism, and increased intracranial pressure. central nervous system leukostasis and cerebral edema may have been detected earlier, had his history of priapism been known. Management of hyperleukocytosis complicated by priapism and increased intracranial pressure is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/25. A bad eye and a sore lip.A 48-year-old woman developed painful visual loss in the left eye, meningismus, and painful oral ulcers. magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with gadolinium demonstrated enhancement of the left optic nerve. Lumbar puncture showed a lymphocytic pleocytosis, and a biopsy specimen of one of the oral ulcerations was consistent with Behcet's disease. epidemiologic factors and diagnostic criteria for Behcet's disease are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14908855695648keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/25. glioblastoma causing granulocytosis by secretion of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor.We describe a patient with a glioblastoma multiforme with excessive granulocytosis in the peripheral blood. Shown at both protein and mRNA levels, the tumor produced very high levels of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). G-CSF is a growth factor that induces the recruitment of granulocytes. The paraneoplastic phenomenon described here partly mimicked a brain abscess. Production of G-CSF by (brain) tumor cells might be related to the granulocytosis common in malignant disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.29817711391297keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/25. cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia without central nervous system relapse: a report of three cases.Three patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) developed mononuclear cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after a flu-like history during maintenance treatment. None of the patients showed evidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement by either clinical or laboratory follow-up. Although the presence of > 5 mononuclear cells/microl in the CSF is important, it may not necessarily indicate CNS disease. Clinical findings, history and cell morphology must be evaluated before deciding on further treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 16.781367114809keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/25. Sudden bilateral deafness from hyperleukocytosis in chronic myeloid leukemia.Sudden-onset bilateral deafness as a clinical manifestation of hyperleukocytosis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a rare occurrence. We found only 27 clinical descriptions in 16 published papers. In this work, the authors present a review on deafness in CML and describe a new case with prominent hyperleukocytosis, where the neurological findings suggest slowing of the circulation through small blood vessels in the brainstem as the cause of deafness. The evolution was good after treatment. To our knowledge, this is the second case documented with electrical auditory brainstem-evoked potentials and the first with magnetic resonance imaging.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.29817711391297keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/25. Common symptoms--different diseases: coexistence of neurosyphilis and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.We describe the case of a 32-year-old man with generalized lymphadenopathy who was diagnosed with a low-grade follicular small-cleaved cell lymphoma. The patient developed hearing loss, tinnitus and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis attributed to central nervous system (CNS) infiltration by his malignancy, while receiving chemotherapy with vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisone. Despite intrathecal chemotherapy with methotrexate, the CSF pleocytosis persisted. neurosyphilis was suspected because of prior history of gonorrhea and was confirmed with serologic studies of blood and CSF and from the decline of the anti-treponemal antibody titers with appropriate antibiotic therapy. Syphilis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with generalized lymphadenopathy and neurologic signs or symptoms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.3562734229617keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/25. The neurological masquerade of intravascular lymphomatosis.BACKGROUND: Intravascular lymphomatosis (IVL) is an uncommon systemic disease characterized by occlusion of small vessels by malignant lymphomatous cells. central nervous system involvement usually presents as subacute encephalopathy, dementia, seizures, or multifocal cerebrovascular events. OBJECTIVE: To increase awareness about IVL, an uncommon cause of neurological disease. DESIGN: This is a retrospective case series of 8 pathologically proved cases of IVL with neurological disease. patients were part of a pathological series collected between April 1962 and October 1998 at indiana University School of medicine and the Armed Forces Institute of pathology, washington, DC. SETTING: Neurological and neuropathological examinations were performed at tertiary referral hospitals. patients: Eleven patients were diagnosed pathologically as having IVL, but 3 were not included in this evaluation because of a lack of appropriate clinical information. Of the final sample (n = 8), there were 4 men and 4 women (mean /- SD age, 62.9 /- 9.9 years). RESULTS: All 8 patients had focal neurological deficits, 7 had encephalopathy or dementia, 5 had epileptic seizures, and 2 had myelopathy. death occurred at a mean of 7.7 months (range, 1-24 months) after the onset of symptoms. All patients had elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein levels, 4 had pleocytosis, and 2 had an elevated IgG level in their cerebrospinal fluid. Of the 4 patients who underwent a brain biopsy, 1 was diagnosed as having IVL before death. CONCLUSIONS: Intravascular lymphomatosis is an uncommon disease with a myriad of potential neurological manifestations. diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and a pathological examination. If diagnosed early, aggressive chemotherapy is potentially curative, although the overall prognosis remains dismal.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1490885569565keywords = nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/25. rickettsia typhi infection presenting as subacute meningitis.We report two children with rickettsia typhi infection presenting with mild central nervous system manifestations and pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid. Murine typhus should be included in the differential diagnosis of meningoencephalitis in children who are residents of endemic areas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.3562734229617keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/25. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia presenting with symptomatic central nervous system involvement.leukemic infiltration of the central nervous system (CNS) resulting in neurological manifestations is a rare complication of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Furthermore, symptomatic CNS involvement as the initial presentation of previously undiagnosed CLL is extremely rare. In the present report, the authors describe a case of an 89-year-old female previously diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease who suddenly developed rapidly worsening mental changes. Cytological and immunocytological examinations of the lymphoid cells present on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed CNS involvement by a clonal B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, most consistent with de novo B-CLL expressing kappa light chain restriction. Subsequently, flow cytometric analysis done on the peripheral blood lymphocytes confirmed the diagnosis of B-CLL in this patient. Thus, this study shows the potential usefulness of immunocytological evaluation in detecting monoclonal lymphoid populations on CSF samples in adult patients presenting with altered mental status and CSF pleocytosis of lymphocytes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 16.781367114809keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/25. headache with temporary neurological symptoms and lymphocytic pleocytosis: a case report and etiologic hypothesis.A 30-year-old man without previous attacks of migraine, despite a family history of migraine, presented with moderate headache and temporary focal neurological signs and symptoms. The patient had had, two weeks previously, a prodromic flu-like illness. cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis and increased total protein. Extensive microbiological determinations were negative. Routine hematological, immunological, blood and urine tests were normal. electroencephalography showed a focal slowing in the right temporal area. Brain SPECT, performed during a symptom-free period, revealed decreased tracer uptake in the left temporal and insula cortices,topographicallyconsistent with abnormalities on brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were normal. A cardiovascular examination provided normal results. The patient completely recovered within 2 days. This condition is suggestive of "headache with neurologic deficits and CSF lymphocytosis" (HaNDL syndrome). I hypothesize that this syndrome could be produced by the direct action of a virus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.29817711391297keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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