1/5. Hyperkinetic movement disorders caused by corpus striatum infarcts: brain MRI/CT findings in three cases.Three patients with hemichorea/hemiballismus/hemidystonia caused by discrete contralateral infarction of the corpus striatum are presented. The infarcts were all small on CT or MRI brain scan and were lacunar in type. Small discrete infarction of basal ganglionic structures allows such adventitious movements to be manifested. Involvement of contiguous areas, seen with larger infarcts, can suppress such movements. The infrequency of such hyperkinetic movement disorders, and the subtle infarct appearance on brain scan, can lead to a delay in the diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = basal ganglion, ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. deep brain stimulation to treat hyperkinetic symptoms of cockayne syndrome.cockayne syndrome manifests a spectrum of neurological dysfunction that includes medically intractable movement disorders. deep brain stimulation has not been well studied in such rare neurodegenerative conditions. In this case, stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus was used to manage severe motor symptoms in a young man with cockayne syndrome. There was a marked and progressive response to thalamic stimulation within weeks of surgery. These results suggest that patients with cockayne syndrome should be considered for deep brain stimulation to treat refractory movement disorders.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.016700573025929keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. Inferior red nucleus syndrome (Benedikt's syndrome) due to a single intramesencephalic metastasis from a prostatic carcinoma. Case report.The authors describe a case of inferior red nucleus syndrome due to a solitary intramesencephalic metastasis from a glandular epithelioma of the prostate. They emphasize the rarity of cerebral metastases of prostatic origin, particularly at the level of the brain stem, and the exceptional features of a red nucleus syndrome originating from a tumour.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.10020343815558keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. The "jerky dystonic unsteady hand": a delayed motor syndrome in posterior thalamic infarctions.We report the cases of three patients with a thalamic infarct in the territory of the posterior choroidal artery involving the posterior thalamic nuclei. These patients developed delayed complex hyperkinetic motor syndromes, associating ataxia, tremor, dystonia, myoclonus and chorea, which we call "the jerky dystonic unsteady hand". One patient had a severe myoclonic and ataxic-dystonic choreoathetosis; another showed a so-called rubral tremor (myoclonic ataxia with resting, action, and wing-beating tremor) with dystonia; and the third one had a dystonic and ataxic hand with intermittent mild action myoclonus. All of them had sensory dysfunction; two had also presented with a painful Dejerine-Roussy syndrome. All had CT or MRI-proven infarcts in the territory of the posterior cerebral artery involving the posterior choroidal territory with an abnormal signal in the posterior area of the thalamus (pulvinar nucleus) but sparing the other thalamic, subthalamic and midbrain structures. These delayed myoclonic complex hyperkinetic syndromes have not been reported before, and we did not observe them in other topographic forms of thalamic infarcts. They may thus represent a new entity of movement disorders due to lesions in the posterior thalamic nuclei, with specificity for posterior choroidal artery infarcts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.016700573025929keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. Somatotropic lower monoballism following hemorrhage in the subthalamic nucleus.A 62-year-old man presented with monoballism of the right leg. Magnetic resonance images revealed a small hemorrhagic focus confined to the caudal portion of the left subthalamic nucleus. The monoballism disappeared after a short time, without treatment. This is the first report of lower monoballism with single subthalamic lesion. The findings in this case support the theory of somatotopic correspondence in the subthalamic nucleus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.10020343815558keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |