1/6. Spontaneous hemopneumothorax in children: case report and review of literature.Spontaneous hemopneumothorax is rare, occurs in young adolescents, and can be life threatening secondary to massive bleeding. An adolescent with spontaneous hemopneumothorax and shock managed by tube thorascostomy is described here. We compared our case with published data of spontaneous hemopneumothorax in the pediatric age group. Spontaneous hemopneumothorax involves the accumulation of air and blood in the pleural space in the absence of trauma or other obvious causes. Spontaneous hemopneumothorax is usually seen in adolescents, more common in males than females. The common clinical features of spontaneous hemopneumothorax include dyspnoea and chest pain, and 30% present with hypovolemic shock. The bleeding can result from a torn adhesion between the parietal and visceral pleurae, from a rupture of vascularized bullae, or from torn congenital aberrant vessels. Over the last 6 decades, the treatment has progressed from the thoracotomy to minimally invasive techniques such as video assisted thoracoscopic surgery, with great reduction in mortality and recurrence rates. Although a rare entity, diagnosis of spontaneous hemopneumothorax must be considered in young adolescents presenting with spontaneous onset of chest pain and dyspnoea with radiograph findings of hydropneumothorax and/or signs of shock.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/6. Spontaneous haemopneumothorax: a rare clinical entity.A 39 yr old man presented with a spontaneous pneumothorax. On initial pleural drainage 120 ml of haemorrhagic fluid were collected. Twenty four hours, after re-expansion of the lung, shock developed and 1,200 ml of haemorrhagic fluid were spontaneously collected. The diagnosis haemopneumothorax was considered and at operation a bleeding vessel, which originated from the parietal pleura, was located and coagulated. The occurrence of an air fluid line at radiological examination, the development of a haemorrhagic pleural effusion and shock should alert the physician of this entity. This case stresses the importance of early recognition and surgical intervention because of the possible lethal evolution.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/6. Internal mammary artery injury, anterior mediastinal hematoma, and cardiac compromise after blunt chest trauma.A rare case of blunt chest trauma resulting in internal mammary artery hemorrhage and cardiac tamponade is presented. thoracotomy revealed anterior mediastinal hemorrhage but no pericardial hematoma. The significance of chest wall vessel hemorrhage as a cause of widened mediastinum is reiterated. The importance of accurate angiographic assessment and vigilant care of victims of blunt chest trauma who present with a widened mediastinum is emphasized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/6. hemopneumothorax secondary to multiple cavitary metastasis in angiosarcoma of the scalp.We report a case of hemopneumothorax secondary to multiple cavitary metastasis in the angiosarcoma of the scalp in an 86-year-old woman, who died of respiratory failure. At autopsy, multiple cavities were found in both lungs. Histologic specimen of the cavitary metastasis of the lung showed that tumor cells proliferated forming several tubular spaces and these tubular spaces seemed to communicate with the central cyst. These findings suggested that imperfect vessel-like structures of the cavitary metastasis are likely to break down and finally grow up to large thin-walled cavities.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/6. Spontaneous hemopneumothorax with aberrant vessels found to be the source of bleeding: report of two cases.We report herein our experience of two cases of spontaneous hemopneumothorax in which the source of bleeding was found to be aberrant vessels. Both patients were successfully treated by early thoracotomy. Case 1 was a 23-year-old female in whom chest X-ray revealed an air-fluid line and a bulla with a narrow restiform shadow connecting the pleural cupola. angiography clearly visualized aberrant vessels branching from the costocervical trunk, distributed in and around the bulla in the apex of the lung, being the possible source of bleeding. These aberrant vessels were confirmed at surgery and resected. Case 2 was a 56-year-old male who underwent thoracotomy for persistent bleeding. At surgery, a continuously bleeding vessel from the pleural cupola was seen and ligated. The remnant of the vessel was located in the apex of the lung, and resected with the bulla. Thus, the rare entity of a congenital aberrant vessel lying concealed as a possible source of bleeding should be borne in mind.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 10keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/6. emergency treatment of life-threatening spontaneous haematopneumothorax.We report two cases of spontaneous life-threatening haemopneumothorax, successfully treated by early thoracotomy. In the first patient no source of bleeding could be identified. The second patient presented bleeding from a torn vascular adhesion at the apex of the lung. The first patient benefited from early clot evacuation and in the second patient the bleeding could be controlled by electrocautery and a single suture of the bleeding vessel. These cases stress the need for early recognition and management of a potentially life-threatening event.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |