1/14. Hypertrophic olivary degeneration following surgical excision of brainstem cavernous hemangioma: a case report.Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is a rare type of neuronal degeneration involving the dento-rubo-olivary pathway. It is distinguished from other types of neuronal degeneration in that hypertrophy, rather than atrophy, takes place in the neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus. Prior to the invention of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), HOD was difficult to be detected, and a firm diagnosis could only be made at autopsy. We present a case of bilateral HOD following surgical excision of a cavernous hemangioma in the brainstem. The literature and imaging findings of this uncommon condition are reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/14. Cavernous hemangioma of the internal auditory canal arising from the inferior vestibular nerve: case report and review of the literature.OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of cavernous hemangioma arising from the inferior vestibular nerve, limited to the internal auditory canal. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review and review of literature. SETTING: A tertiary referral clinic. INTERVENTIONS: Extended middle cranial fossa surgery. RESULTS: The hemangioma was completely resected through the extended middle cranial fossa approach. No serious complications occurred, and the hearing and the facial nerve function were preserved. CONCLUSIONS: Originating from the capillary plexus surrounding Scarpa's ganglion, this hemangioma has to be differentiated from intratemporal hemangioma at the geniculate ganglion. Because of extrinsic growth pattern, the potential for preservation of the facial nerve function is high if surgery is performed early. Complete resection through the extended middle fossa approach is the treatment of choice for cavernous hemangioma with limited extension into the cerebellopontine angle. It remains difficult to distinguish preoperatively from the more common tumors, and surgery is usually planned on assumption of vestibular schwannoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 141.31439525785keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/14. Cavernous hemangioma in a child presenting with hemichorea: response to pimozide.The case of a 9-year-old boy with hemichorea due to cavernous hemangioma in the left caudate nucleus is presented. To our knowledge, only two children have been reported with hemichorea associated with cavernous hemangioma. Hemichorea in our patient responded to pimozide, a neuroleptic that blocks central nervous system dopaminergic receptors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/14. Saccadic lateropulsion and upbeat nystagmus: disorders of caudal medulla.A patient developed a primary position upbeat nystagmus and a left saccadic lateropulsion. magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a probable cavernoma at right caudal paramedian medullary level. Anatomical correlations are discussed. Saccadic lateropulsion is attributed to olivocerebellar pathway impairment but usually is described in more rostral medullar lesions. Our case would still support this hypothesis because the lesion could have involved the olivocerebellar pathway at its very caudal level. Upbeat nystagmus could be attributed to impairment of the nucleus intercalatus and/or cell groups of the paramedian tract.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/14. Thalamic deep brain stimulation for disabling tremor after excision of a midbrain cavernous angioma. Case report.Thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of parkinsonian or essential tremor. To date, however, few data exist to support the application of this method to treat midbrain tremor. A 24-year-old right-handed man underwent radiosurgery and subsequent resection of a recurrently hemorrhaging cavernous angioma located in the left side of the midbrain. The surgery exacerbated severe choreoathetotic resting and action tremors of his right extremities and trunk. The patient underwent placement of a deep brain stimulator into the left ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (Vim). Postoperatively, decreased truncal ataxia and right-sided choreoathetotic tremor were demonstrated, with a 57% increase in dexterity as measured by task testing. The authors demonstrate that DBS can be an effective treatment modality for disabling tremor after resection of a midbrain cavernous angioma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/14. Symptomatic migraine and sensitization of trigeminal nociception associated with contralateral pontine cavernoma.A 38-year-old woman is described with symptomatic strictly right-sided migraine associated with a pontine cavernoma affecting the contralateral (left) nucleus raphe magnus. A persistent facilitation of the right-sided trigeminal nociception was detected interictally using the 'nociception specific' blink reflex, which was more pronounced during the acute attack. This case shows for the first time, an impairment of the anti-nociceptive brainstem nuclei and the facilitation of the trigeminal nociception in the same subject, thus providing further evidence for the key role of the brainstem raphe nuclei in the pathophysiology of migraine.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/14. Focal dystonia secondary to cavernous angioma of the basal ganglia: case report and review of the literature.The case of a young woman with focal dystonia of the hand due to a cavernous angioma of the basal ganglia is presented. The lesion involved the anterior third of the lentiform nucleus and a large portion of white matter anterior to this nucleus and lateral to the head of the caudate, as shown by magnetic resonance imaging; it was completely removed through a computed tomography-assisted stereotactic craniotomy by microsurgical technique, resulting in the cure of the patient. These facts support the pathophysiological hypothesis of a disruption of the striatopallidothalamic projection to the premotor cortex as the cause of symptomatic dystonia. A review of the reported cases of cavernous angiomas of the deep cerebral gray nuclei shows that this is the first case of cavernous angioma associated with movement disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/14. obsessive-compulsive disorder after unilateral caudate nucleus bleeding.Obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD) may be encountered after basal ganglia lesions of various aetiologies. These lesions are usually bilateral. We report here the case of a 24 years old man who developed a pure compulsive behavior after a unilateral left-sided caudate nucleus hemorrhage due to a cavernoma. The pathophysiology of this compulsive disorder probably reflects a frontal cortex deafferentation mechanism. Behavioral, psychological and medical (serotoninergic) treatments are usually proposed but the efficacy of such therapy remains to be investigated in secondary OCD.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/14. Parkinsonism caused by cavernoma located in basal ganglion.Deep-seated cavernoma or cavernous angioma is a very rare clinical entity, as is basal ganglia cavernoma presenting with Parkinsonism. The authors demonstrate a 56-year-old man with a cavernoma located in basal ganglion, who subsequently developed Parkinsonism. The patient refused the surgical intervention, and received L-dopa trial; however, no change in the tremor and bradykinesia was observed in spite of high doses of L-dopa. Our case indicates that chronic compression and continuous hemorrhage could cause Parkinsonism, which is uncommon symptom of cavernous angioma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 734.71215227501keywords = basal ganglion, ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/14. Cavernous malformation of the trigeminal nerve.A cavernous malformation involving the Gasserian ganglion, 2nd and 3rd divisions of the trigeminal nerve on the left side was resected via an extradural route in a 54 year old male. Cavernous malformations of the cranial nerves are rare. Specific origin from the trigeminal nerve has not been previously reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 70.657197628926keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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