1/41. Limb-threatening ischemia due to ergotamine: case report with angiographic evidence.A 29-year-old woman presented with severe leg pain that had lasted for several weeks. During that period, she had taken painkillers in order to achieve sleep. In the week before she was admitted to hospital, she had noticed numbness and a cold feeling below her knees. There were no arterial pulsations below her groin, the skin of her legs being cold and pale. She had a history of chronic daily headache and had ingested Cafergot compound corresponding to ergotamine 2 to 3 mg daily for the previous 2 or 3 months. angiography demonstrated severe narrowing of both superficial femoral arteries for a distance of about 5 to 6 cm and a subtotal stenosis of the right popliteal artery. After discontinuation of ergotamine, the patient's symptoms gradually disappeared within a few days. angiography was repeated 2 days after the first examination and demonstrated regression of the spasms in the femoral arteries and reestablished flow in the distal vessels. ergotamine tartrate can induce life-threatening ischemia of an extremity. Discontinuation of ergotamine is usually sufficient to reverse the ischemia, however, intravenous infusion of sodium nitroprusside may occasionally be necessary to avoid limb amputation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/41. Superficial temporal artery dilatation in a patient with infectious temporal headache clinically mimicking temporal arteritis.A 57-year-old woman noticed a pulsatile shooting headache in her right temporal region 3 days after extraction of a tooth from the right mandible. The following day, a localized headache over the right superficial temporal artery (STA), low grade fever, and jaw claudication appeared and progressed subacutely. Seven days after the onset, magnetic resonance imaging and angiography (MRI/MRA) disclosed inflammatory swelling of the right temporal muscle and dilatation of the right STA. All the symptoms disappeared following antibiotic treatment, and neuroimaging findings were improved. In conclusion, MRA is thought to be useful to non-invasively identify reversible inflammatory dilatation of extracranial vessels.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/41. headache as only symptom in multiple cervical artery dissection.We describe a patient with atypical headache as the only presenting symptom of spontaneous triple cervical artery dissection. As the patient suffered from arterial hypertension, a causative relation between headache and arterial hypertension was initially taken into consideration. However, four-vessel arteriography disclosed a dissection of both internal carotid arteries and the right vertebral artery. This unique case highlights the value of conventional arteriography for diagnosing cervical artery dissection. Since multiple cervical artery dissections are not rare, all cervical arteries should be examined by means of conventional arteriography when a dissection is suspected.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/41. Evaluation of spontaneous intracranial hypotension: assessment on ICP monitoring and radiological imaging.We describe two recent cases of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. A 38-year-old woman developed a severe postural headache. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed marked dural enhancement. Histopathological findings of dural biopsy showed numerous dilated vessels in the dura, rather than hypertrophic change. Lumber CSF pressure was 5 cmH2O and RI cisternography suggested CSF leakage. A 58-year-old woman with postural headache and vertigo had bilateral subdural haematoma associated with diffuse dural enhancement on MRI. Lumber CSF monitoring confirmed persistent low pressure ranging from 0-5 cm H2O. MRI myelography revealed multiple CSF pouches along the whole spinal axis. CSF leakage was demonstrated on Radioisotope (RI) cisternography. Both cases described in this report were diagnosed as spontaneous intracranial hypotension caused by CSF leakage from spinal meningeal diverticula and were successfully treated by intravenous factor xiii administration.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/41. Meningioangiomatosis: MR imaging and pathological correlation in two cases.Meningioangiomatosis is a rare, benign neoplastic disorder involving the cortex and leptomeninges. The pathological findings are characterised by proliferation of meningothelial cells and leptomeningeal vessels and calcifications within the mass. We experienced two cases of pathologically confirmed meningioangiomatosis, one as a solitary cortical mass with calcification and the other as a cortical lesion manifested as extensive intracranial haemorrhage. On MRI, the first case showed an isointense cortical mass in the left frontal lobe and homogeneous enhancement on the contrast-enhanced study. The second case showed a target-like lesion with a peripheral dark signal rim on T2-weighted images accompanied by extensive haemorrhage in the adjacent frontal lobe and lateral ventricles.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/41. headache as a manifestation of fatal myocardial infarction.Cardiac ischemia typically causes chest pain, variously radiating elsewhere. Convergence of cardiac nerve fibers on central pathways receiving somatic afferents from the head is likely to be responsible for the perception of cardiac ischemic pain as headache. A 47-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room of our hospital with a 2-hour history of occipital headache. Routine electrocardiography revealed monophasic ST-segment elevation in leads I and aVL and ST-segment depression in leads II, III, and aVF. During recording of lead VI, ventricular fibrillation occurred. Advanced life support was started immediately but failed to restore rhythm and cardiac function. autopsy showed two-vessel disease with a ruptured plaque and total thrombotic occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending artery and 80% stenosis of the right coronary artery. In this patient, headache was the only symptom of myocardial ischemia. Anatomic convergence of cardiac nerve fibers on central pathways receiving somatic afferents from the head is likely to be responsible for the perception of cardiac ischemic pain as headache. Owing to the very rare occurrence of headache as a symptom of myocardial ischemia, diagnosis is difficult and requires a high degree of suspicion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/41. The clinical and MRI correlate of ischaemia in the ventromedial midbrain: Claude's syndrome.The eponymous syndrome of Claude is caused by a lesion of the red nucleus and adjacent third nerve nucleus, resulting in the combination of an ipsilateral oculomotor palsy and contralateral ataxia. The MRI correlate of this syndrome has only occasionally been described. We present three cases with MRI findings which confirm the association of this clinical syndrome with infarction of the ventromedial midbrain. The coexistence of hypertension and small vessel ischaemia in two cases suggests this type of infarct may arise as a result of small vessel disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/41. subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by dural arteriovenous fistula of the sphenobasal sinus--case report.A 59-year-old woman presented with a rare middle fossa dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) unrelated to the cavernous sinus manifesting only as subarachnoid hemorrhage. angiography revealed shunts between the meningeal branches of both the internal and external carotid arteries and the sphenobasal sinus. The AVF drained into the superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV) which had a varix and an anastomosis to a superior cerebral vein. The arterial supply vessels were eliminated surgically and the sinus was excised. Bleeding did not recur and there was no venous infarction. Dural AVF of the sphenoparietal sinus is associated with pulsatile exophthalmos and dural AVF of the sphenopetrosal sinus with tinnitus, but dural AVF of the sphenobasal sinus has no obvious symptom. Simple interruption of the SMCV at the penetration of the arachnoid membrane was possible because of the absence of a draining vessel to preserve AVF patency, but the arteries were eliminated in this patient to prevent formation of another AVF.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/41. Is cervical spinal manipulation dangerous?OBJECTIVE: Concern about cerebrovascular accidents after cervical manipulation is common. We report a case of cerebrovascular infarction without sequelae. CLINICAL FEATURES: A 39-year-old man with nonspecific neck pain was treated by his general practitioner with cervical manipulation. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: This immediately elicited severe headache and neurologic symptoms that disappeared completely within 3 months despite permanent signs of a complete left-sided cerebellar infarction on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. At 7-year follow-up the patient was fully employed, and repeated magnetic resonance imaging still showed infarction of the left cerebellar hemisphere. However, the patient remained completely free of neurologic symptoms, and color duplex ultrasonography showed normal cervical vessels, including patent vertebral arteries. CONCLUSION: It appears that the risk of cerebrovascular accidents after cervical manipulation is low, considering the enormous number of treatments given each year, and very much lower than the risk of serious complications associated with generally accepted surgery. Provided there is a solid indication for cervical manipulation, we believe that the risk involved is acceptably low and that the fear of serious complications is greatly exaggerated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/41. Cardiac hydatid cyst rupture as cause of death.echinococcosis is a frequent parasitic human infection in sheep-farming areas. It is caused by the larval or the cyst stage of a tapeworm, mainly echinococcus granulosis. humans can be infected by ingesting tapeworm eggs, from which cysts will be developed mostly in the liver and the lung. Cardiac involvement of echinococcosis is rare and its clinical evolution is silent till the complication stage. A young adult died suddenly. The autopsy showed a ruptured hydatid cyst hollowed on the right side of the interventricular septum, protruding in the ventricle. The left pulmonary artery contained white-colored fragments of a membrane, similar to the one found in the right ventricle, associated to small vesicles. All these elements were obstructing this vessel, extending to small pulmonary arterial branches. dissection of the other organs did not show other locations. Microscopic examinations ascertained the diagnosis of echinococcosis. Death was imputed to a right ventricular hydatid cyst rupture with pulmonary artery embolism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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