1/29. Spontaneous onset of CSF otorrhea from a facial canal fistula in an adult: case report.The purpose of this report is to describe a 64-year-old woman who presented an 8 month history of recurrent spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leakage into the left middle ear. High resolution computed tomography and computed tomography cisternography showed only a mild protrusion of the tympanic segment of the left facial canal into the ipsilateral middle ear but no definitive fistula. At surgical exploration, cerebrospinal fluid leakage resulted from a fistula in the tympanic segment of the left facial canal. In conclusion, in the adult patient reported herein, the fistula leading to spontaneous CSF otorrhea was identified definitely only intraoperatively. Furthermore, although there were no signs or symptoms of facial nerve dysfunction, it was located in a rare site such as the second segment of the facial canal. When the clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory analysis are strongly suggestive for spontaneous CSF otorrhea, surgical exploration is mandatory even if neuroimaging evaluation is negative or questionable.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/29. Delayed labyrinthine fistula in canal wall down mastoidectomy.PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: This article is a retrospective review of 5 cases of delayed labyrinthine fistula in patients with a longstanding canal wall down mastoidectomy. MATERIAL: All patients had a long-term postoperative follow up with no evidence of complications till they suddenly started to have vertigo. The symptoms were caused by a bony erosion of the lateral semicircular canal detected on physical examination or by a CT-scan. There was no evidence of a recurrent cholesteatoma. RESULTS: The patients underwent surgery in order to close the fistula, with a good result. In all cases, a factor such as an infection or trauma, seems to have triggered off the bone erosion. CONCLUSION: Late complications may occur in the canal wall down mastoidectomy technique, after a long period of follow up in the absence of recurrent cholesteatoma. For this reason, it is advisable to look for a labyrinthine fistula in patient who develop vertigo a long time following mastoid surgery with a resultant radical cavity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/29. Detachment of the right coronary artery resulting in subsequent aneurysm of the ascending aorta and pulmonary artery fistula 7 years after a bentall procedure.This report describes detachment of the right coronary artery, an extremely infrequent late complication of Bentall's procedure combined with Cabrol's maneuver for aneurysm of the ascending aorta. This resulted in subsequent formation of the progressive aneurysm of the ascending aorta and fistula entering the main pulmonary artery. Successful surgical treatment depended on meticulous echocardiographic investigation and careful physical examination.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/29. Bilateral perilymph fistula in an adult.Sudden hearing loss is a symptom caused by a variety of diseases, among them also a perilymph fistula. The occurrence of bilateral perilymph fistula is rare, and was reported only associated with head trauma. A case of a bilateral perilymph fistula, without head trauma in an adult construction worker is reported. To the best of our knowledge this is the first bilateral case caused by physical effort to be reported in the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14488805849354keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/29. empyema of the gallbladder: a case with unusual presentation.A case of gallbladder empyema associated with multiple complications caused by a delay in diagnosis is presented. Recent literature is reviewed especially emphasizing the clinical presentation with scanty physical signs. Greater awareness of the indolent and chronic presentation might reduce the considerable morbidity and mortality that are associated with delayed operative intervention.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14488805849354keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/29. The perilymph fistula syndrome defined in mild head trauma.Neurological and neuro-otological studies were carried out on 102 adults with mild cranio-cervical trauma productive of positional vertigo and perilymph fistula as confirmed by laboratory tests, and by the finding of perilymph fistula at tympanotomy in the surgically managed group. In this patient group, all other neurological and neuro-otological diagnoses were excluded, e.g. epilepsy, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, retardation; and for the neuro-otological group those with a history of ototoxicity, labyrinthitis, Meniere's disease, chronic ear infections, or developmental or familial disorders. Emphasis in this study was on mild trauma: fewer than half of the sample had been rendered unconscious in the injury of record, and a third of the cases were of whiplash type, with no loss of consciousness (LOC) and no remembered headstrike. These concomitant lesions comprise the perilymph fistula syndrome (PLFS) with a unique profile of neurological, perceptual, and cognitive deficits resembling a post-concussion injury. A complete description of the clinical picture is given, including psychological, cognitive and diagnostic tests, and the outcome of bedrest vs. surgical management. PLFS can arise from minor trauma, fistula are frequently bilateral (71/102), a mild sensorineural hearing loss is of variable occurrence (53%), secondary hydrops is not uncommon, and women appear more vulnerable than men for developing the syndrome. As based upon combined laboratory techniques and clinical symptomology, fistula were correctly predicted in 61 of 65 laser-operated ears. The positional vertigo component of PLFS was in all cases managed according to a special physical therapy program utilizing exercises for vestibular symptom habituation. Even when diagnosed late, a good-to-excellent outcome was achieved in 70% of treated patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14488805849354keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/29. Otologic and otoneurologic injuries in divers: clinical studies on nine commercial and two sport divers.In the past two decades, we have seen a great increase in the number of injuries from commercial and sport diving. During this time, our knowledge of the physiology and pathophysiology of diving has also increased. As a result, we now can accurately diagnose and successfully treat many of these injuries. Of the commercial and sport divers examined as pateints in the Department of otolaryngology at the University of texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Tex., between September, 1974, and May, 1975, 11 showed positive otologic and otoneurologic findings which are reported herein. One patient was surgically explored for an oval window fistula. In localizing and classifying these injuries, we have utilized extensive and broad-based test batteries, which include complete history, otologic and otoneurologic physical examination, audiometry, a central auditory test battery, and a vestibular test battery. These tests are described. The findings in each of the divers are illustrated and analyzed. This article further describes the use of these test batteries, which were employed to localize otoneurologic pathology in this sample of injured divers. Based on these cases, we have expanded and modified Edmonds' classification of the etiology of vertigo related to diving. We feel that the test batteries which we describe, or similar tests, should be part of the otologic and otoneurologic workup of injuries divers.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/29. Perilymphatic fistula: a new hampshire experience.Thirty-five patients with perilymphatic fistulas (PLFs) are presented. Of this group of 35 patients (39 ears), 4 patients did not have fistulas that could be observed with certainty but were presumed to have fistulas by virtue of their excellent response to surgical repair. Our case reports provide examples of the great variety and possible classifications of presentations and symptom complexes that lead one to suspect the diagnosis of perilymphatic fistula. Comments on diagnostic and therapeutic modalities and on postoperative care and counseling are included. The age range of patients in our series is 3 to 67 years. Four patients are under age 20, and an additional three patients probably developed their symptoms prior to age 20 but presented later. Twenty-three (79%) of 29 patients with spontaneous PLFs began having symptoms closely related to some event involving physical or mechanical stress, and a high percentage (76%) had symptoms aggravated by physical stress. Six are believed to have fistulas of congenital origin. There is a sibling pair and a mother and son in the series; these four people had bilateral fistulas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.28977611698708keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/29. Perilymphatic fistula: a histopathologic study.Over the last two decades, clinical criteria for perilymphatic fistulae have been defined to the extent that differentiation can be made between such fistulae and other balance-affecting disorders such as Meniere's syndrome. On the assumption that the specimens in the temporal bone bank of the University of chicago Medical School that had been obtained from patients having vertigo, hearing loss, or both, before those clinical criteria were so defined might have been classified incorrectly, we proposed a retrospective histopathologic study, with prediction of two independent variables: a clinical history and physical findings consistent with the diagnosis of perilymphatic fistula and communication between the vestibule and the middle ear adjacent to or via the fissula ante fenestram. Eleven pairs of temporal bones with the histologic diagnosis of idiopathic labyrinthine hydrops were evaluated before the clinical histories relevant to those specimens were reviewed. In one specimen, a communication between the vestibule and the middle ear space was identified. In none of the other specimens was there a similar communication. As this study continued, significance was given to the histologic details of the communication between the middle ear and posterior canal ampulla. The temporal bones without these communications did not have clinical histories consistent with the diagnosis of perilymphatic fistula.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14488805849354keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/29. Esophagocutaneous fistula in spinal cord injury: a complication of anterior cervical fusion.esophageal perforation can be a difficult management problem in a patient with spinal cord injury. Meticulous history taking and physical examination are essential for diagnosis. A quadriplegic patient with the unusual complication of esophagocutaneous fistula following anterior cervical fusion was admitted to our spinal cord injury service for intensive rehabilitation. Although early surgery is the usual treatment, conservative management with emphasis on local wound care can lead to satisfactory healing of the fistula. Because of the halo vest traction device used to maintain the surgical reduction of the cervical fracture, it was decided to treat the patient's fistula conservatively. Difficulties with feeding, diarrhea, and recurrent drainage that complicated the nonoperative treatment were successfully managed while the patient underwent intensive and comprehensive rehabilitation. The patient was discharged ambulating independently without any orthotic device a day after complete closure of the esophagocutaneous fistula.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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