1/32. optic nerve cysticercosis in the optic canal.The authors present a first case of cysticercosis in the optic canal in a fifteen-year-old female patient. cysticercosis of the optic nerve is rare. A cyst in the optic canal, beneath the sheath of the optic nerve, has never been reported. The patient presented with rapidly diminishing vision in the left eye, headache and papillitis. A magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic lesion at the entrance of the optic canal. Surgery performed was a transcranial orbitotomy which included deroofing of the optic canal and removal of the cyst from under the sheath of the optic nerve. The cyst proved to be cysticercus histopathologically. The outcome was a remarkable visual recovery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/32. vitrectomy update for macular traction in ocular toxocariasis.PURPOSE: To study the results of modern vitrectomy in traction and combined traction-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment involving the macula in cases of ocular toxocariasis. methods: This was a cohort study of patients seen in different institutions in the united states. Ten eyes of 10 patients were studied. vitrectomy was performed in all eyes, combined with membrane removal, scleral buckle, fluid-gas exchange, silicone oil, or lensectomy in certain cases. The anatomic and visual results of surgery were reviewed. RESULTS: Ten eyes from 10 patients ranging in age from 2 to 33 years (median, 6 years) were reviewed. Follow-up ranged from 3 months to 8 years (median, 2 years). All eyes achieved macular attachment following surgery; vision improved in 5 (50%) eyes, and was unchanged in 5 (50%). Histologic specimens from six eyes were reviewed, and revealed combinations of fibrous tissue, eosinophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes, and giant cells. One specimen revealed an encysted toxocara canis organism. CONCLUSION: inflammation created in response to Toxocara larvae may lead to traction retinal detachment of the macula. vitreoretinal surgery has a good chance of reattaching the macula and improving vision.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.020531064983613keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/32. cysticercosis of the optic nerve.cysticercosis of the optic nerve has been reported only twice in the literature. A case of optic nerve cysticercosis in a 50-year-old woman with atypical optic neuritis is reported. Computerized tomography showed a thickened left optic nerve with a ring-enhancing lesion containing an eccentric nodule. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for cysticercosis further established the diagnosis. The patient was treated with oral prednisolone and albendazole, with no improvement in vision.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/32. Corneal microsporidiosis. Report of case, including electron microscopic observations.OBJECTIVE: To report a case of corneal stromal infection caused by a protozoon of the genus microsporidia:, including clinical, histopathologic, and electron microscopic observations. DESIGN: Case report. methods: light and electron microscopy studies were performed on keratectomy specimens from a 67-year-old immunocompetent man who had a unilateral chronic stromal keratitis that was refractory to medical treatment. Initial corneal biopsy followed by lamellar and penetrating keratoplasty were performed on the patient. All the specimens were studied histopathologically. RESULTS: light microscopy of the corneal biopsy and the subsequent keratectomy specimens demonstrated myriad small, round to oval microsporidial organisms measuring 3.5 to 5.0 micrometer in length that stained positively with the periodic acid-Schiff, Grocott-methenamine silver, and acid-fast methods and were gram positive. Electron microscopic observations demonstrated viable blastospores that had a thin osmiophilic outer cell wall and contained 11 to 13 coils of the filament. The light and electron microscopic features, the tinctorial characteristics, and the selective corneal stromal involvement are consistent with microsporidial keratitis. CONCLUSIONS: microsporidiosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a culture-negative stromal keratitis refractory to medical treatment. The diagnosis can be easily established based on the morphologic features of the protozoa in the keratectomy specimens. No effective medical treatment for the stromal disease is available. Full-thickness keratoplasty is suggested because, in our patient, lamellar keratoplasty did not preclude recurrence of the disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.020531064983613keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/32. Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in a healthy contact lens wearer without human immunodeficiency virus infection.PURPOSE: To present a rare case of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in an otherwise healthy contact lens wearer without human immunodeficiency virus infection who responded to treatment with systemic albendazole and topical fumagillin. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHOD: A cornea epithelial scraping from a man with unilateral keratoconjunctivitis previously treated with topical steroids was evaluated by modified trichome staining. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The patient was evaluated for his symptoms, visual acuity, clinical observations, and pathologic examination of corneal scrapes. RESULTS: Modified trichome staining of an epithelial corneal scraping revealed pinkish to red organisms characteristic of microsporidia. Results of a human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test were negative. The symptoms of ocular discomfort and clinical signs of keratoconjunctivitis resolved after 2 months of treatment with albendazole and topical fumagillin. CONCLUSIONS: Ocular infection with microsporidia, although classically occurring in patients with hiv infection, may occur rarely in healthy individuals, especially if previously treated with systemic immune suppression or topical steroids. Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a contact lens wearer with atypical multifocal diffuse epithelial keratitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.020531064983613keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/32. Subretinal cysticercosis.BACKGROUND: [corrected] cysticercosis is a parasitic infestation of different body organs by cysticercosis cellulosae, a larval form of the helminth, taenia solium, known commonly as pork tapeworm. Ocular involvement of cysticercosis is most common. Other sites of infestation include the central nervous system, subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscles, and heart muscle. patients with ocular cysticercosis may be asymptomatic or suffer mild to severe vision loss. CASE REPORT: A patient presented with painless vision loss secondary to a parasitic infection by presumed subretinal cysticercosis. The clinical appearance, differential diagnosis, and management of subretinal cysticercosis are discussed. CONCLUSION: Prompt diagnosis and referral to a retinal surgeon are essential for the successful treatment of this condition.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.020531064983613keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/32. Bilateral cysticercosis of the optic nerve.Bilateral cysticercosis of the optic nerves affected a man who presented with features suggestive of optic neuritis. ultrasonography revealed bilateral sonolucent cystic lesions with central echo-dense, highly reflective structures behind the optic nerve heads. A subretinal cyst was present in one eye. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbit revealed multiple cysticerci in the brain, orbit, and eye. The subretinal cyst was removed by pars plana vitrectomy, and the other cysts resolved on treatment with albendazole.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.85714285714286keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/32. Successful treatment of ocular leishmaniasis.PURPOSE: To report successful treatment of a case of ocular leishmaniasis with combined stibogluconate and allupurinol. METHOD: A 32-year-old physician developed a non-tender reddish chalazion like lesion in his right lower lid, associated with conjunctivitis and nodular episcleritis. biopsy of the lesion in his eyelid and conjunctiva disclosed a dense inflammatory response including histiocytes containing typical leishmania organisms. RESULT: Therapy with stibogluconate, both intralesional and intramuscular, was initiated with some improvement. However recurrence of the lesion occurred. Systemic retreatment with combined stibogluconate and allupurinol led to complete healing of the lesion. CONCLUSION: Ocular leishmaniasis is a rare and potentially blinding disorder. Combined stibogluconate and allupurinol may be an effective therapy in such cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.020531064983613keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/32. optic nerve cysticercosis.cysticercosis of the optic nerve is an extremely rare entity and only seven cases have been reported in the world literature. A case of optic nerve cysticercosis in a 25-year-old woman is reported, along with a review of literature. The patient presented with two episodes of pain, diminution of vision and proptosis. Computed tomography and ultrasonography revealed an intraneural cyst with scolex in the retrobulbar portion of the optic nerve. A positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for cysticercosis further confirmed the diagnosis. Medical therapy in the form of oral albendazole and steroids resulted in complete resolution of the cyst, with few visual sequelae.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/32. Concurrent cutaneous, visceral and ocular leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in a kidney transplant patient.Although cases of leishmaniasis co-infection have been described in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients as well as those who have undergone organ transplants, to our knowledge, the present report is the first documented case of simultaneous cutaneous, visceral and ocular leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in a transplant patient. The patient had been using immunosuppressive drugs since receiving a transplanted kidney. The first clinical signs of leishmaniasis included fever, thoracic pain, hepatosplenomegaly, leucopenia and anemia. The cutaneous disease was revealed by the presence of amastigotes in the skin biopsy. After three months, the patient presented fever with conjunctive hyperemia, intense ocular pain and low visual acuity. parasites isolated from iliac crest, aqueous humor and vitreous body were examined using a range of molecular techniques. The same strain of L. (V.) braziliensis was responsible for the different clinical manifestations. The immunosuppressive drugs probably contributed to the dissemination of Leishmania.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.020531064983613keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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