1/35. noonan syndrome and cavernous hemangioma of the brain.We present two patients with multiple characteristics that occur in Noonan phenotype and cavernous hemangioma of the brain. The first patient, who had been diagnosed radiographically as having a cavernous hemangioma in the left basal ganglia at age 15 years, developed massive intracerebral hemorrhage, resulting in sudden death at home at 19 years. The second patient, who was diagnosed radiographically as having a cavernous hemangioma in the left parietal lobe at age 17 years, is being followed carefully (the patient is currently 18 years old). A review disclosed four cases of structural cerebrovascular abnormalities with or without subsequent hemorrhage. Neither these four patients nor our two patients had any severe anomalies in the heart or large vessels, which are frequently seen in patients with noonan syndrome. Cerebrovascular abnormalities might have a significant influence on the prognosis of patients with noonan syndrome, especially those having no severe abnormalities in the heart or large vessels.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/35. A case of sudden death caused by fibromuscular dysplasia.After sudden unexpected death in a previously healthy 42 year old woman, necropsy examination showed myocardial infarction caused by occlusion of a vital coronary artery by fibromuscular dysplasia. This is a rare arterial disease with a clinical onset usually in the third or fourth decades of life. The aetiology is not fully understood but since it affects vital (cerebral and coronary) blood vessels it often has fatal consequences.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.0043593670997keywords = blood vessel, vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/35. Sudden death and Wegener's granulomatosis of the pituitary.Involvement of brain parenchyma or meninges in ANCA-associated small-vessel vasculitis such as Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is not uncommon. In contrast, involvement of the pituitary is exceedingly rare with only a few cases reported so far. The diagnosis is usually made on the basis of imaging techniques and abnormal pituitary function tests in the setting of active systemic vasculitis. However, histology-proven involvement of the pituitary by WG has not been reported so far. We report a case of WG with histology-proven granulomatous necrotizing inflammation of the pituitary and hypothalamo-pituitary stalk, disclosed at autopsy after the patient had died suddenly and unexpectedly in his sleep. In a setting of histology-proven WG, these findings were regarded as a pituitary manifestation of the disorder. A distinct cause of death could not be found, hence we speculate that hypothalamo-pituitary inflammation due to WG may have caused the sudden death in this patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/35. Traditional punishment and unexpected death in Central australia.Three cases of traditional punishment in Central Australian Aboriginal men are presented in which the thighs were speared or stabbed as part of a "payback" system. In two cases, an unexpected effect of the stabbing or spearing was death due to severing of major leg vessels. The relationship between customary Aboriginal law and general law in australia has not been clearly defined; however, these cases demonstrate that significant and untoward effects may result from traditional punishments. Pathologists working near traditional Australian Aboriginal communities may still encounter such injuries at autopsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/35. Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. Surgical treatment by ostial occlusion through pulmonary arteriotomy.Two cases of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery are reported in asymptomatic patients 15 and 27 years of age, bringing to 30 the total number of cases of this anomaly reported in the postinfantile age group. ECG exercise tests demonstrated marked ischemic changes in both patients, but angina or abnormal shortness of breath did not develop in either patient during or after exercise. The anomalous vessel was interrupted by closure of its ostium through a pulmonary arteriotomy during cardiopulmonary bypass, a procedure felt to offer a distinct technical advantage in the surgical treatment of this condition. Following ligation of the anomalous vessel, ECG exercise tests no longer showed definitive evidence of myocardial ischemia. This is interpreted as evidence that ligation should reduce the incidence of exercise-induced sudden deaths in this anomaly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/35. The spectrum of intramyocardial small vessel disease associated with sudden death.Intramyocardial small vessel abnormalities are not commonly recognized. The best known abnormality is fibromuscular dysplasia involving the sinoatrial or atrioventricular nodal arteries. Small vessel disease has been reported as an isolated cardiac anomaly in individuals with sudden death, and may also be associated with other cardiac conditions including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and mitral valve prolapse. The nature of the association is unknown, and the mechanism causing sudden death is sometimes obscure. We describe pathological changes of the intramyocardial small vessels of three individuals with sudden death. Abnormalities involved small vessels at different levels. In all the cases, the abnormalities were thought to have caused or contributed to the individual's death. The possible mechanisms of this are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/35. Sudden death due to rupture of the arteria pancreatica magna: a complication of an immature pseudocyst in chronic pancreatitis.Massive haemorrhage due to rupture of single pancreatic or peripancreatic vessels is a very rare but potentially lethal complication of acute and chronic pancreatitis. The splenic, gastroduodenal, and pancreatoduodenal arteries are the more commonly involved vessels, and rupture occurs mostly as a complication of large mature pseudocysts. We report a sudden death due to massive bleeding caused by rupture of the great pancreatic artery (arteria pancreatica magna), a complication of a small immature pseudocyst, in a 49-year-old male alcoholic with inactive chronic pancreatitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/35. Childhood sporting deaths.exercise-induced collapse and sudden death are unusual in childhood. For this reason, a study was undertaken of a series of 12 cases of sudden death in childhood occurring during physical exertion associated with sporting activities. The age range was 7 to 16 years (mean 12.3 years, M:F ratio 5:1). Deaths resulted from trauma associated with the sporting activity, from an idiosyncratic response to exertion, or from exacerbation of a known underlying disease. Trauma was directly fatal (n = 4: vascular trauma in 1, head injury in 2, drowning in 1), exacerbated an underlying medical condition (n = 1: hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy), or followed collapse from underlying organic disease (n = 1: drowning in epilepsy). Deaths after exertion occurred when there was an unexpected response to underlying occult disease (n = 4: aortic stenosis in 1, cerebral arteriovenous malformation in 1, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy in 1, coronary atherosclerosis in 1) or to preexisting known disease (n = 2: surgically corrected transposition of the great vessels in 1, asthma in 1). The fatal episodes often resulted from a complex interplay of a variety of factors, including physical exertion, possible trauma, and underlying organic disease. Testing of other family members may be indicated in cases where a rare, possibly familial, disease is found. Evaluation of cases required descriptions of activities before death, information from the medical history of the deceased, and detailed findings from the autopsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/35. Sudden death due to a haemoglobin variant.A previous healthy 35-year-old man was found dead in his truck. Shortly before death he merely complained of influenza-like symptoms. The histological examination revealed evidence of a massive accumulation of sickle cells in smaller blood vessels. After molecular genetic analysis, the preliminary diagnosis of "sickle cell disease" was finally changed to the diagnosis of a sickle cell trait. It is presumed that an epileptic attack which also has to be considered as a concurring cause of death, precipitated sickling of the erythrocytes and led to a fatal sickle cell crisis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.0043593670997keywords = blood vessel, vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/35. Fatal pulmonary arterial dissection and sudden death as initial manifestation of primary pulmonary hypertension: a case report.We report a rare case of sudden death due to cardiac tamponade following intrapericardial rupture of a main pulmonary artery dissecting aneurysm. On pathology examination, the pulmonary artery showed an intimal tear in an arterial wall area with reduced thickness. However, no degenerative, inflammatory or necrotic processes were evident within the vessel wall. hypertrophy of the wall of vasa vasorum in the adventitia of the pulmonary artery was found, as well as bilaterally diffuse myointimal arterial hyperplasia of the lung vasculature. According to these findings, we conclude that pulmonary artery rupture occurred in a patient with chronic unrecognized primary pulmonary hypertension.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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