1/117. cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a patient with breast cancer on chemotherapy: case report and review of the literature.cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia in the setting of non-transplantation patients is a rarity. We present a case of CMV pneumonitis in a woman with stage IV breast cancer, with brain metastases, receiving both chemotherapy and systemic corticosteroids. A review of the literature reveals this as a unique case. Potential viral etiologies should therefore be considered in cancer patients with pneumonia receiving non-transplantation chemotherapy-regimens, particularly if steroids are a component of their therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/117. cytomegalovirus-associated transverse myelitis in a non-immunocompromised patient.cytomegalovirus (CMV)-associated transverse myelitis is rare in immunocompetent patients. The case of a 54-year-old man is reported here who developed acute transverse myelitis with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alterations, suggesting a central nervous system infection. CMV-IgM positivity in serum and CMV isolated from blood, positive CMV PCR and positivity for pp65 antigen in blood, without viral antigens in the CSF and a positive response to therapy with ganciclovir (followed by progressive improvement) supported the diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8.573248776735keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/117. Fatal herpesvirus-6 encephalitis in a recipient of a T-cell-depleted peripheral blood stem cell transplant from a 3-loci mismatched related donor.Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), like all the other herpes viruses, remains latent in host cells after primary infection but can be reactivated in immunocompromised patients causing fever, skin rash, bone marrow (BM) suppression, pneumonitis, sinusitis and meningoencephalitis. We describe the case of a man with chronic myelogenous leukemia who developed encephalitis associated with acute graft-versus-host disease two months after a T-cell-depleted mismatched peripheral blood stem cell transplant. Magnetic resonance images of the brain revealed multiple bilateral foci of signal abnormality. HHV-6 was the only pathogen detected in cerebrospinal fluid by PCR. Treatment with both ganciclovir and foscarnet was unsuccessful and the patient gradually deteriorated and died. Other cases of HHV-6 encephalitis after bone marrow transplantation are reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/117. Contribution of transvaginal ultrasonography and fetal cerebral MRI in a case of congenital cytomegalovirus infection.cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of congenital viral infection. In utero this infection is usually suspected on the basis of ultrasound findings. We present a case in which routine ultrasound examination demonstrated a decrease in fetal cephalic dimensions at 32 weeks' gestation in an asymptomatic patient. Transvaginal ultrasound revealed echogenic vessels in the thalami and lesions in the subependymal region. Suspected diagnosis of fetal cytomegalovirus infection was confirmed by positive titers of anti-cytomegalovirus-IgM antibodies in fetal blood and amniotic-fluid PCR studies. Fetal cerebral MRI demonstrated parenchymal atrophy and polymicrogyria. The parents decided to terminate the pregnancy, and necropsy confirmed the diagnosis. Suspicion of CMV fetal infection should prompt transvaginal ultrasound and fetal brain MRI.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/117. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: a retrospective diagnosis in a child with pachygyria.A 2-year, 6-month-old child with pachygyria demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging at 12 months of age, psychomotor delay, and deafness who was diagnosed with congenital cytomegalovirus infection by the demonstration of cytomegalovirus dna in blood from the stored neonatal filter paper is reported. The use of this technique provides an opportunity for the retrospective viral diagnosis in children with neurodevelopmental impairments and abnormalities, such as migration disturbances, in the brain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/117. New imaging findings in a patient with central nervous system dysfunction after bone marrow transplantation.central nervous system disorders are an important complication of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). We have recently performed cerebral angiography to examine central nervous system dysfunction in a 22-year-old woman with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who had undergone BMT. Angiography demonstrated multiple stenoses and occlusions in the peripheral branches of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries, a pattern similar to that seen in vasculitis. She was thought to most likely have cytomegalovirus (CMV) vasculitis, but other forms of vasculitis, such as angiitis-like-syndrome-associated graft-versus-host disease could not be excluded. This case suggests that CMV vasculitis may cause central nervous system dysfunction after BMT and that imaging studies may provide useful information about central nervous system disorders in these patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 62.303897840442keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/117. A case of central nervous system vasculitis related to an episode of guillain-barre syndrome.The authors report their knowledge about an uncommon case of isolated vasculitis, restricted to the left sylvian artery during an auto-immune guillain-barre syndrome (GBS), sustained by cytomegalovirus (CMV). An acute cardiopulmonary failure requiring a ventilator and vasopressor support manifested, notwithstanding plasma exchanging and immune-modulating therapy. An IgM-enriched formula administration coincided with a rapid amelioration of GBS and vasculitis to a complete recovery the next month after her discharge to a rehabilitation centre.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 34.29299510694keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/117. Congenital CMV with callosal lipoma and agenesis.An infant with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection is reported. After the detection of abnormalities on cranial ultrasound scanning, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a complete absence of corpus callosum with a midline anterior tubulonodular lipoma. A proposed causative link between early in utero cytomegalovirus infection and lipoma with agenesis of corpus callosum is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/117. Bilateral ophthalmic artery occlusion in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and central nervous system lymphoma.PURPOSE: Clinical course and autopsy findings in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus-1 immunodeficiency, central nervous system lymphoma, and bilateral, simultaneous ophthalmic artery occlusions. DESIGN: Observational case report. methods: Clinical examination, fundus photography, gross and microscopic pathologic study. RESULTS: Fundus photographs disclosed stasis in retinal arterioles, the absence of a cherry-red spot; internal carotid arteriography disclosed bilateral ophthalmic artery occlusions; postmortem histopathologic examination disclosed bilateral ophthalmic artery atherosclerosis, retinal ischemic necrosis, ischemic optic neuropathy, diffuse large-cell lymphoma of multiple areas of the central nervous system, cytomegalovirus encephalitis, atherosclerosis, and bronchopneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: A 47-year-old male with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, profound immunodeficiency, systemic hypertension, and central nervous system lymphoma, developed deep vein thrombosis, bilateral ophthalmic artery occlusions, and died of pneumonia 7 weeks after the onset of blindness. Postmortem study revealed bilateral ophthalmic artery hemorrhagic atherosclerosis, ischemic optic neuropathy, ischemic retinal necrosis, diffuse large-cell central nervous system lymphoma, cytomegalovirus encephalitis, pneumonitis, and systemic atherosclerosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 68.58599021388keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/117. Late aspergillus fumigatus endomyocarditis with brain abscess as a lethal complication after heart transplantation.We report the case of a 65-year-old male patient who died from lethal aspergillus fumigatus endomyocarditis and multiple cerebral septic emboli 6 months after cardiac transplantation. This complication developed 4 weeks after diagnosis of bilateral pulmonary aspergillosis, which was immediately treated by surgical removal and intravenous amphotericin b. Preceding colonization with Aspergillus spp was not identified. Primary cytomegalovirus infection (donor /recipient-) and toxoplasmosis reactivation (donor /recipient ) occurring at 1 and 2 months post-transplantation were successfully treated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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