1/5. dementia. Part 3: communication.People with dementia often have difficulty communicating. nurses should ensure these difficulties are not due to physical problems such as a lost hearing aid. Taking time to understand them can help nurses to communicate effectively with people with dementia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. Determining decision-making capacity in individuals with severe communication impairments after stroke: the role of augmentative-alternative communication (AAC).A speech-language pathologist and occupational therapist specializing in assistive technology were requested to assess an individual 2 years post hemorrhagic lesion in his brainstem, with significant medial issues, limited expressive communication skills, and motor function. The family wanted to determine if he had an adequate quality of life and whether he could provide informed consent if asked about the continuation or withdrawal of medical treatment to maintain his life. Issues discussed include determining competency for decision making regarding quality of life with individuals who cannot speak, write, or type, and what role the speech-language pathologist and occupational therapist can play in attempting to find these answers. A means of communication for this individual was identified that allowed him to provide information related to his preferences including physical state. Use of appropriate augmentative-alternative communication equipment and techniques became the means to further explore more complex medical decisions for this individual.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. Physical and developmental phenotype analyses in a boy with wolf-hirschhorn syndrome.wolf-hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a rare genetic condition with characteristic facial traits, organ malformations, functional impairment and developmental delay due to partial short arm monosomy of chromosome 4. Although several hundreds of cases have been published to date, a systematic collection of its clinical symptoms and anthropological traits is missing in the literature, and reports on abilities and needs of children with WHS are scanty. Results of detailed physical and developmental phenotype analyses in a 1 10/12-year-old boy with monosomy 4p15.2-pter are presented. Physical analyses were based on systematic data acquisition. They disclosed a total of 32 clinical symptoms and 46 anthropological traits. Developmental analyses were based on the child's interactive play in an environment structured according to Montessori principles. They disclosed a total of 44 abilities and a number of needs to be satisfied by the environment for the support of the child's psychic and intellectual growth. While the physical phenotype is important for the diagnostic process, the developmental phenotype is essential for parental counseling.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Childhood sexual abuse reported by facilitated communication.Facilitated communication remains an unproven and controversial strategy for nonspeaking children with developmental disabilities. It is possible that the process may be influenced by the facilitator. The evaluation of alleged sexual abuse reported by FC must include a full psychosocial history, complete physical examination for evidence of abuse, and the assessment of the child's communicative competence. The demonstration of communicative competence requires a strategy similar to that utilized with Carla. The successful documentation of the child's communication of general information should precede the pursuit of specific abuse issues.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. Remediation of communication problems through facilitated communication training: a case study.Facilitated communication training (FCT) is an educational technique intended to allow people who cannot speak or sign fluently to develop the hand skills necessary to use other non-speech communication strategies. It involves support to the arm, wrist or hand of the student, who is thus enabled to control his pointing, and has recently been the subject of considerable debate. Critics of the technique have cast doubt on the existence of any language problem remediable by touch. This study discusses the case of a person who had a language problem that did not appear to be connected with overt neuromotor impairment, was not accompanied by behavioural disturbance, and was remediable by touch alone. The case raises some interesting questions about the relation of physical prompts to language use.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |