1/48. dna ploidy alterations detected during dedifferentiation of periosteal chondrosarcoma.dna ploidy of a case with dedifferentiated periosteal chondrosarcoma was analyzed by dna cytofluorometry. The diagnosis of primary periosteal chondrosarcoma was made on the basis of the radiographic and histological findings. At 4 years after marginal resection, the tumor recurred locally and metastasized to various organs. The patient died of disease 2 years later. Histologically, there were two components, chondrosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma, in the recurrent and metastatic tumors. dna ploidy analysis of multiple samples revealed that the primary lesion was composed of many diploid cells with some tetraploid and octaploid cells, whereas in the dedifferentiated area, there were many aneuploid cells which were not recognized in any area of the primary tumors. This case illustrated that dna ploidy alteration of euploidy to aneuploidy is closely correlated with the process of dedifferentiation in chondrosarcoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/48. Extrapleural pneumonectomy for sarcomas report of two cases.AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP), which is a very uncommon surgical procedure, is electively indicated only in patients with early stages of malignant pleural mesothelioma, a rare condition. Two adults suffering from sarcomas and treated with EPP are described here. methods: A 29-year-old male with four left-sided lung metastases and ipsilateral pleural effusion from a chondrosarcoma of the mandibula and a 64-year old woman with a megamass in the left chest due to a local recurrence of a hemangiopericytoma underwent EPP. RESULTS: Extra-EPP-field multiorgan progression was diagnosed 14 months following surgery in the first patient who died at the 24th postoperative month but remained free of disease at the site of surgery. The second patient had a chest wall relapse at the forty-third month following EPP, which was treated by partial resection of the second and third ribs. She is alive and disease-free at the twelfth postoperative month. DISCUSSION: EPP may be considered for salvage treatment in selected patients with intrathoracic sarcomas not amenable to other effective therapies to achieve mid- to long-term disease control, even in the case of advanced spread.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/48. Heart metastasis of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma.Isolated, remote heart metastasis of myxoid chondrosarcoma is extremely rare. We present an unusual case of isolated remote metastasis of extraosseus myxoid chondrosarcoma from the right ankle region to the right ventricle, its clinical course, and treatment in a 46-year-old woman. Although heart biopsy done before the surgery revealed myxoma, histopathologic diagnosis of the heart tumor was confirmed after its surgical resection from the right ventricle. Nine months after the surgery the patient was doing well but, seven months later, she died in the local hospital because of global heart failure. On the autopsy, the only metastatic lesion found was in the heart. The pericardium and heart muscle were infiltrated with the tumor, whereas all other organs were free from malignant dissemination.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/48. chondrosarcoma of the thyroid cartilage.Sarcomas of the larynx are extremely rare neoplasms that account for approximately one per cent of all tumours of this organ. We present a case of laryngeal chondrosarcoma originating from thyroid cartilage, characterized by an unusual long clinical course over 15 years without laryngeal symptoms or duplication of metastases, treated at the Suleyman Demirel University Medical faculty, Ear, nose and Throat (ENT) department.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/48. Primary chondroid melanoma.BACKGROUND: Malignant melanoma is notorious for the wide range of histologic patterns it can assume, among the least frequent of which is chondroid melamona. methods: Two cases of primary chondroid melanoma of the distal lower extremity were studied. Tissue for light microscopy was fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin, and processed routinely. In one case, transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemical evaluation were performed. RESULTS: Both cases exhibited melanoma in-situ, a conventional (non-chondroid) invasive component, and areas of chondroid differentiation, as confirmed by strongly positive staining with alcian blue at pH 2.5 and Safranin O. Immunohistochemically, one case expressed S-100 protein and vimentin, and did not express gp100 (HMB-45), tyrosinase, MART-1, the Mel-5 antigen, the NKI/C3 antigen, CD45Ro, cytokeratin, or desmin. Electron microscopy of the chondroid component revealed occasional tumor cells with rare, membrane-bound, electron-dense organelles; the extracellular compartment showed amorphous ground substance consistent with cartilaginous differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: Chondroid change in the absence of osteogenic differentiation is extremely rare in malignant melanoma. melanoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of primary cutaneous neoplasms exhibiting cartilaginous differentiation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/48. The treatment of large extraskeletal chondrosarcoma of the leg: comparison of IMRT and conformal radiotherapy techniques.Extraskeletal chondrosarcoma of the leg is a rare, malignant neoplasm with very few cases having been reported in the literature. In this study we investigate the possibility of using intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for this type of disease and demonstrate its advantages over conventional three-dimensional (3D) conformal treatment. A case was presented of a patient with extraskeletal chondrosarcoma of the lateral compartment of the leg in which the target volume was 50 cm in length and twisted around the surrounding bones. Both the 3D conformal plan and IMRT plan were designed using the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center planning system. The IMRT plan produced a superior dose distribution to the patient as compared to the 3D conformal plan both in terms of dose conformity and homogeneity in the target volumes, and reduction of the maximum dose to the bone. The planning time of the IMRT plan was about 3-5 times shorter than that of the 3D conformal plan. It was demonstrated that the IMRT technique can be used not just for small tumors, but also for large and spiral-shaped tumors close to critical organs. The IMRT method requires less planning time, and provides better target coverage with more sparing of critical structures. When planning patients with multiple target volumes receiving different prescribed doses, the IMRT technique can more easily meet this requirement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/48. Unusual extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma.We describe an unusual soft tissue tumor occurring within the rectus femoris muscle of a 64-year-old woman. The site, size, macroscopic, and histological appearances were all consistent with an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. However, the present case differs significantly from previous reports of this uncommon tumor in that electron microscopy did not show any evidence of chondroblastic differentiation. Furthermore, the cells failed to stain for vimentin while labeling intensely for neuron-specific enolase, contained large numbers of cytolysosomes having a multivesicular appearance, and focally produced an external lamina. Based on the typical histological appearances we conclude that this is an unusual variant of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma in which there is evidence of nerve sheath differentiation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 10.760071402491keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/48. skull base dumbbell tumor: surgical experience with two adolescents.Pediatric skull base tumors are rare and until recently were considered unresectable. We present two patients with tumors of similar anatomic position with an extracranial component in the infratemporal fossa and parapharyngeal space, an isthmus at the foramen ovale, and a superior component in the middle cranial fossa in the region of the cavernous sinus. A 15-year-old girl experienced contiguous spread of a spindle cell sarcoma; an 18-year-old boy developed a chondrosarcoma. A middle fossa approach provided the advantage of surgical avoidance of structures such as the middle ear and mastoid, facial nerve, and mandible. Postoperative recovery was rapid. Our impression is that preoperative carotid artery occlusion and a middle fossa approach for tumor resection can be performed in a young patient with acceptable morbidity and at least short-term benefit. Surgery can, therefore, provide an additional therapeutic approach to complement irradiation and chemotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 10.760071402491keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/48. chondrosarcoma of the larynx: a histo-radiologic analysis.chondrosarcoma of the larynx is a rare malignant cartilaginous neoplasm. To date, the serial sectioned laryngeal specimens of this disease have not been correlated with the pre-operative computed tomographic findings. A retrospective analysis of 833 serially sectioned laryngeal specimens found chondrosarcoma in six cases (0.72%), of which four cases had a pre-surgical computed tomography (CT). Radiologic axial sections were compared with microscopic sections in the same plane. Whole organ sections showed the tumor to have an expansile growth pattern, showing little impulse to infiltrate adjacent cartilage. CT scanning successfully predicted the diagnosis of a cartilage neoplasm prior to surgery, and accurately reflected the site and extent of laryngeal involvement. We conclude that CT is a reliable method of evaluating chondrosarcoma of the larynx, thereby predicting the feasibility of partial laryngeal resection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = organ (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/48. The transsphenoethmoid approach to the sphenoid sinus and clivus.Surgical access to the sphenoid sinus and clivus for the resection of benign and malignant disease is difficult and is often associated with significant morbidity. The transsphenoethmoid approach, an extension of a familiar otolaryngological procedure, with or without a limited medial maxillectomy, allows access to this region with little morbidity and excellent cosmetic results. Since 1988, the transsphenoethmoid approach has been used in 15 patients at our institution for resection of primary and recurrent chordomas, chondrosarcomas, pituitary macroadenomas, repair of cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and drainage of petroclival cysts. In most instances, an ipsilateral approach is most satisfactory. When necessary, a contralateral transsphenoethmoid approach is used when the tumor is posterolateral to the internal carotid artery and as far lateral as the abducens nerve.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 10.760071402491keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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