1/13. Takayasu disease masquarading as interruption of the aortic arch in a 2-year-old child.Takayasu disease is a chronic, progressive inflammatory vasculitis of large and medium-sized vessels, which commonly presents in adulthood. This case report describes a 2 year old girl who presented with acute heart failure and complete occlusion of the aortic arch and was subsequently diagnosed with Takayasu disease. As far as we can determine, this is the first report of such an acute and atypical presentation of Takayasu disease at such a young age.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/13. A case of intracranial arteriovenous fistula in an infant with neurofibromatosis type 1.INTRODUCTION: Reported cases of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) with neurofibromatosis type1 (NF1) are rare. CASE REPORT: In this paper we report the first case of intracranial AVF in an NF1 infant who developed heart failure. Endovascular treatment using coils successfully obliterated the AVF. The mechanism underlying the AVF in this case was believed to be a congenital mesenchymal abnormality of the intracranial vessels. DISCUSSION: The mechanism underlying the development of heart failure in this case is also discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/13. Retropericardial hematoma complicating off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.We report the case of a retropericardial hematoma after triple-vessel off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated a retropericardial hematoma that compressed the left atrium anteriorly and suppressed cardiac function. Injury to the pulmonary vein during placement of deep pericardial sutures and postoperative infusion of heparin were the likely causes of this rare but potentially fatal complication of an off-pump bypass operation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/13. herpes simplex type 2 pneumonia.Extensive reviews of pulmonary infections in AIDS have reported few herpetic infections. Generally these infections are due to herpes simplex type 1. pneumonia due to herpes type 2 is extremely rare. We describe a 40 year-old hiv positive woman who complained of fever, cough and dyspnea for seven years. She had signs of heart failure and the appearance of her genital vesicles was highly suggestive of genital herpes. echocardiography showed marked pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy and tricuspid insufficiency. After a few days of hospitalization she was treated with Aciclovir and later with ganciclovir. An open pulmonary biopsy revealed an interstitial inflammation, localized in the alveolar walls. Some pulmonary arteries had widened walls and focal hyaline degeneration. immunohistochemistry indicated that the nuclei had herpes simplex virus type 2 in many endothelial cells (including vessels with widened walls), macrophages in the alveolar septa and pneumocytes. There was clinical improvement after treatment for herpes. We concluded that as a consequence of herpes infection, endothelial involvement and interstitial inflammation supervene, with thickening of vascular walls and partial obliteration of the vessel lumen. A direct consequence of these changes in pulmonary vasculature was pulmonary hypertension followed by heart failure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/13. Amyloid of heart and lungs in a patient with low output syndrome after coronary artery bypass grafting.A 70-year-old patient with two-vessel disease and moderately reduced left ventricular function after a recent myocardial infarction was admitted for a routine coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedure. During anesthetic induction, he became unstable and cardiopulmonary bypass had to be instituted urgently. Despite good bypass flows, the patient died in myocardial failure shortly after surgery. At autopsy, besides severe atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, cardiac and pulmonary amyloidosis were found.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/13. Detection of an aneurysm of the vein of Galen following signs of cardiac overload in a 22-week old fetus.OBJECTIVES: To present early prenatal diagnosis of an aneurysm of the Vein of Galen by detecting signs of cardiac overload in a 22-week old fetus. CASE: We report on a 22-week old fetus presenting with dilation of the heart, tricuspid and mitral valve regurgitation, reversed flow in the aortic arch and dilated neck vessels. Evaluation of the fetal brain revealed a dilated left ventricle, signs of brain hemorrhage and an anechoic structure between the two hemispheres. methods: By using the conventional Doppler technique, an intracerebral fistula and dilated vein of Galen was visualized. The complex vascular structure was demonstrated using 3-D color power angiography (3-D CPA). To our knowledge, this is the earliest diagnosis of this vascular malformation. CONCLUSION: Although signs of cardiac overload rarely appear before the third trimester in cases of arteriovenous fistulae, it was shown that these signs could lead to the correct diagnosis of an aneurysm of the vein of Galen. Additionally, we show that 3-D CPA is a promising technique to visualize complex vascular structures and make them easier to understand.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/13. Unilateral megalencephaly associated with neonatal high output cardiac failure.High-flow cerebral arteriovenous fistulae are well known to present in the neonatal period with macrocephaly, cranial bruits and high-output cardiac failure. This report describes a newborn infant with such a clinical presentation, who had unilateral megalencephaly without macroscopic arteriovenous shunts. Ultrasound Doppler examination of the carotid and cerebral vessels showed diastolic flow, or a decreased pulsatility index, consistent with decreased intracranial vascular resistance. The ipsilateral cerebral arteries and veins were markedly enlarged at angiography and at post-mortem examination, but there was no arteriovenous malformation. The infant expired from high-output cardiac failure and hypoglycemia. It is postulated that the high-output cardiac failure was due to increased blood flow through the enlarged, dysplastic cerebral hemisphere.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/13. Refractory right ventricular failure due to granulocytic sarcoma.A 72-year-old white man had granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) characterized by right ventricular failure. Seven years before his final hospitalization, a diagnosis of agnogenic myeloid metaplasia was made on bone marrow biopsy, and the patient was treated with phosphorus 32. Three months before his death, the patient developed refractory right ventricular failure. biopsy of a mass in the anterior abdominal wall demonstrated granulocytic sarcoma. The patient died 10 days after the biopsy was performed. autopsy showed disseminated granulocytic sarcoma with massive encasement of the heart and the great vessels. This finding can, in retrospect, explain the hemodynamic abnormalities that led to the patient's death. This is, to our knowledge, the first case report of granulocytic sarcoma diffusely involving the heart and causing refractory right ventricular failure in a patient with a long-standing history of agnogenic myeloid metaplasia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/13. Fetal and infantile hypertension caused by unilateral renal arterial disease.Three children who presented with heart failure in infancy caused by severe hypertension as a result of unilateral renal arterial disease are described. One presented at 3 days of age with persistent fetal circulation and heart failure. He had abnormal great vessels that indicated that the hypertension was of long standing and therefore fetal; this has not been described previously. The other two children failed to thrive because of unrecognised hypertension and subsequently presented with heart failure. All three underwent unilateral nephrectomy which cured their hypertension, and all were thriving at the time of writing. The benefits of nephrectomy outweighed the operative risks and loss of renal function. blood pressure should be measured in children who are failing to thrive as part of routine clinical practice.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/13. A case of postnephrectomy arteriovenous fistula.A rare case of a postnephrectomy arteriovenous fistula involving the major renal vessels is presented herein. This type of postnephrectomy arteriovenous fistula is very unusual; in fact, since first documented in 1934, only 65 cases have been reported in the world literature, including 2 cases from japan. Even though postoperative arteriovenous fistulae are rare, one should bear this complication in mind when unknown causes of bruit or heart failure develop following surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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