1/8. Carcinoma of the breast and heart transplantation: a case report.A 35-year-old woman underwent heart transplantation in 1986 because of dilated cardiomyopathy that developed after mitral valve replacements in 1971, 1975, and 1982. Additionally, a carcinoma of the left breast was diagnosed in 1984, leading to mastectomy, and in 1985 a local recurrent tumor had to be resected. In 1988 her gallbladder was removed after repeated episodes of biliary colic. Despite her eventful history, the patient is in good physical condition with normal heart performance and no signs of progression of the breast cancer under triple-drug immunosuppression.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast in the postpubertal adolescent: a case report.Infiltrating ductal carcinoma is an extremely rare neoplasm in the teenage or pre-teenage child. Routine pediatric physical examination should include careful examination of the breast and all palpable masses should be excised. Carcinoma occurring in the prepubertal child carries an improved prognosis particularly if the tumor stains PAS-positive. Carcinoma occurring in the postpubertal teenager probably carries the same prognosis as that in the adult and should be treated in a similar manner. The authors discuss such a case occurring in a 13-year-old girl.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23.710006367816keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. obesity obscuring breast cancer: a case report.There is normally a layer of fat in the breast between the parenchyma of the breast and the skin. This is frequently thin and does not preclude the palpation of a tumor mass which involves the breast parenchyma. In patients suffering from obesity this fat pad becomes much thicker and obscures any underlying masses arising from the breast parenchyma. A case is reported in which a woman who was markedly obese lost a significant amount of weight and presented a bulge which was found to be carcinoma. This situation, in which fat obscures underlying breast lesion, has been observed in a number of patients. attention is called to the limited value of physical examination of the breast in markedly obese patients. If any suspicion exists or if the patient is a candidate for cancer from a familial standpoint, mammograms are indicated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23.710006367816keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. Early detection of breast cancer.One thousand referred patients with breast symptoms, a history of breast disease, or a family history of breast carcinoma have been examined at a suburban breast clinic. This is a preliminary survey of the data and results so far obtained from the initial examination of these patients. The examination consisted of history-taking by means of a questionnaire, physical examination of the breasts, thermography and xeromammography. A report correlating the findings was forwarded to the referring doctor in each case and any necessary action was indicated in the report. Seventy-eight patients were thought to require biopsy of a suspicious lump or mammographic lesion (7.8% of the total number); 76 patients actually had biopsies, and 18 patients were found to have carcinoma of the breast (23.8% of the total number of patients who had biopsies). The overall incidence of carcinoma in the 1000 women attending the clinic was 1.8% at the initial visit. While general population screening for breast carcinoma may be hard to justify, from both the detection rate and an economic point of view, it would appear from our experience to date that screening of selected high-risk referred patients is justified and, in fact, desirable.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23.710006367816keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. Pseudocyst formation after rectus flap breast reconstruction: diagnosis and treatment.Pseudocyst is an unusual complication occurring after rectus flap breast reconstruction. Of four patients in whom a preoperative diagnosis of pseudocyst was made, three had epigastric masses and a fourth presented with a mass of the chest wall. The three patients with epigastric masses were identified by physical examination and evaluated by aspiration of cyst contents. Imaging with computed tomography delineated cyst anatomy and assisted in confirmation of the diagnosis. Most likely, the pathogenesis of these lesions is related to undrained or clinically undetected serous collections which ultimately form firm walls of fibrin. Although all the patients had ipsilateral rectus flap reconstructions, flap transposition does not appear to be causally related to any fluid accumulation. In one patient, a squamous carcinoma, probably arising from the original intraductal breast pathology, created physical and computed tomographic findings suggestive of pseudocyst. Therefore, confirmation of the diagnosis by biopsy, combined with excision, or, at least, biopsy of the anterior cyst wall is recommended in patients with this condition. All three patients with epigastric pseudocysts were explored. There have been no recurrences after an average of 28 months.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 24.710006367816keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. Occult breast carcinoma in patients undergoing reduction mammaplasty.Seven patients who had breast reduction surgery and whose preoperative physical examinations were unremarkable were found to have breast carcinoma. In the five in whom mastectomy was performed, most closures were difficult, and in one patient bilateral mastectomy was complicated by wound dehiscence. In only one of these seven was it possible to obtain information regarding the hormonal binding status of the tumor cells. These and other sequelae would not have occurred had the tumors been diagnosed before operation. Because physical examination alone is not sufficiently sensitive for the diagnosis of breast cancer, we suggest that mammography be included in the evaluation of patients consulting surgeons for breast reduction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 47.420012735631keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. giant cell arteritis of the breast: case report and literature review.The clinical and pathologic features of a case of giant cell arteritis presenting in the breast and those of seven previously reported similar cases are described. A unique finding in the present case was a coincidental in situ and infiltrating ductal carcinoma in the same biopsy specimen. All the patients were postmenopausal women who presented with a firm mass in one or both breasts that mimicked a carcinoma on physical examination. There was no definite clinical evidence of temporal artery involvement in any patient, and two patients had normal temporal arteries on histologic examination. Five patients, however, had systemic manifestations, arteritis in another site, or both. giant cell arteritis presenting in the breast may occur as an isolated finding or represent a manifestation of more widespread disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23.710006367816keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. A case of triple primary gynecological malignancy.A 71-year-old woman was admitted due to postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. During a routine physical examination, a tumor in the left breast was discovered. A fractionated curettage was performed. Endometrial adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix was found on histological examination. A total hysterectomy was performed. Subsequently, a breast biopsy was performed which revealed an infiltrating duct carcinoma of the breast and a mastectomy was performed. Triple gynecological cancer is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 23.710006367816keywords = physical examination, physical (Clic here for more details about this article) |