1/24. brain CT and MRI findings after carbon monoxide toxicity.The neuropathologic sequelae of carbon monoxide (CO) toxicity have been well described in postmortem examinations. globus pallidus damage as well as diffuse white matter lesions and encephalopathic changes occur. brain CT has provided imaging correlates to the premortem changes. MRI is more sensitive and provides more specificity. Cerebral edema changes may occur early with subsequent demonstration of globus pallidus lesions and white matter changes. globus pallidus lesions in many cases do not correlate directly to clinical status and outcome; however, the presence of diffuse white matter disease is a more reliable index of both. These changes are seen in patients in both accidental exposures to CO and in suicide attempts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/24. memory lost and regained following bilateral hippocampal damage.We present a longitudinal neuropsychological study (31 examinations over a period of 18 months) of patient DE DF demonstrated bilateral atrophy of the hippocampal formation and globus pallidus resulting from carbon monoxide poisoning. Eighteen months after the event, the volume of the hippocampal formation was reduced by 42% on the left side and 28% on the right. The patient initially presented with a severe global amnesia. Then, he showed a gradual, yet selective recovery of episodic memory function. Verbal free recall and spatial memory performance remained reduced, whereas immediate word recall and recognition memory, as well as picture learning and memory, improved to levels at the lower range of normal performance. Interestingly, nonspatial associative learning was never much impaired and recovered completely by the end of testing. These data are taken as evidence that the human hippocampal formation does not equally support different forms of episodic memory.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71487303101826keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/24. Unusual CT and MRI appearance of carbon monoxide poisoning.Unilateral low attenuation areas within the right putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus were observed on CT in a patient after exposure to carbon monoxide. A transient bilateral appearance was found on subsequent CT examinations. Hemorrhagic infarction of the right putamen, and ischemic lesions in both thalami were visualized on MRI 2 weeks later.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71487303101826keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/24. The utility of MRI in acute stage of carbon monoxide poisoning.Intracranial abnormalities by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning have been described in two cases. Edematous bilateral lesions have been demonstrated in the globus pallidus. Findings correspond with the pathological changes described in literature. In our experience MIR is a more sensitive examination compared to serial computed tomography (CT) in acute CO poisoning.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71487303101826keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/24. Cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism measurements in a patient surviving one year after carbon monoxide intoxication.A 29-yr-old woman was studied for 1 yr after acute carbon monoxide intoxication following an attempted suicide by inhalation of automobile exhaust fumes. The patient demonstrated impaired responsiveness to stimuli without any specific neurological deficits for 1 yr after carbon monoxide intoxication. Repeated brain magnetic resonance imaging consistently displayed only bilateral globus pallidus lesions, but no lesions in either deep white matter or cerebral cortex. Position emission tomography measurements of regional cerebral blood flow, and glucose utilization rate were made in this patient at 6 mo and 1 yr following carbon monoxide intoxication. Impairment of both blood flow and glucose metabolism were found not only in the basal ganglia but also in morphologically normal frontal cortex. The decrease in glucose utilization in the frontal cortex was greater than that in the basal ganglia. During the period of 6 mo to 1 yr, blood flow and glucose metabolism in the basal ganglia recovered to the normal range. In the frontal cortex, however, blood flow and glucose metabolism remained approximately 20% lower than the normal mean values. This prolonged dysfunction in the frontal cortex may therefore be responsible for the impaired responsiveness of the subject.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71487303101826keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/24. A case of adult onset tic disorder following carbon monoxide intoxication.BACKGROUND: adult onset tic disorders are usually secondary in origin. We report a case of adult onset tic disorder following carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication with typical magnetic resonance imaging features. CASE REPORT: A 36-year-old woman developed temporarily suppressible patterned movements on her face, neck, and shoulder associated with sensory discomfort after CO poisoning. Magnetic resonance images showed bilateral symmetric cavitary changes in the globus pallidus. clonazepam relieved much of her symptoms. CONCLUSION: Our patient developed a monosymptomatic tic disorder following CO intoxication. This further supports that altered outflow signals from the basal ganglia, especially the globus pallidus, may contribute to the development of tic disorders.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4297460620365keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/24. Carbon monoxide brain toxicity: clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and neuropsychological effects in 9 people.Carbon monoxide (CO) exposure is a common cause of toxic brain damage, whereby effects range from transient neurological dysfunction to coma and death. A spectrum of severity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings after CO brain toxicity, including globus pallidus and white matter lesions, is well documented. Reports of MR spectroscopy (MRS) findings re main sparse. This article reports 9 people exposed to CO because of an apartment house's faulty gas heater. Four, with transient loss of consciousness after chronic moderate level CO exposure, suffered intellectual impairment without MRI abnormalities. The MRS of 1 individual demonstrated decreased n-acetyl aspartase in the basal ganglia, bilaterally. Of 5 exposed to high levels for about 12 hours, 1 died prior to clinical and/or MRI evaluation. One who suffered coma recovered but was lost to evaluation. Three, who were unconscious for hours to days, exhibited T2 MRI white matter signal abnormalities. MRS showed decreased basal ganglia n-acetyl aspartase in 2. One of these suffers a Parkinsonian syndrome. All 3 are intellectually impaired. This study demonstrates that although MRI and MRS are useful markers of CO-induced brain damage, they are not always sensitive to resultant intellectual dysfunction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71487303101826keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/24. Pallidoreticular damage in acute carbon monoxide poisoning: diffusion-weighted MR imaging findings.We describe a case of carbon monoxide poisoning that led to pallidoreticular damage and delayed leukoencephalopathy. Serial diffusion-weighted MR imaging was performed. A restricted water diffusion pattern was demonstrated in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra in the early stage. diffusion-weighted imaging is useful for early identification of the effects of acute carbon monoxide poisoning.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71487303101826keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/24. A case of transient choreoathetosis with amnesic syndrome after acute monoxide poisoning.We report a case of acute CO poisoning, followed after 9 days by the onset of choreoathetosis in the upper limbs and face, in a 24 year old man. The patient also showed memory disturbances that tended to clear gradually within about six months. CT scan and NMR revealed symmetrical bilateral lesions in the globus pallidus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71487303101826keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/24. role of contrast enhancement in cerebral CT of carbon monoxide poisoning.Postcontrast cerebral CT offers advantages as an adjunct to noncontrast CT in the evaluation of patients with carbon monoxide intoxication. It is of particular value when the noncontrast CT is normal with its ability to enhance otherwise isodense lesions. In this regard it can more accurately define the extent of the CNS insult and in some instances offer insight into the patient's eventual clinical outcome. Contrast medium was useful in this instance to more clearly elucidate typical injury to globus pallidus as well as rather unusual involvement of putamen.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.71487303101826keywords = globus pallidus, pallidus, globus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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