1/136. Integrated approach for revascularization in multivessel coronary artery disease and porcelain aorta.We report two cases in which combined beating heart revascularization of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and percutaneous angioplasty of the non-LAD target arteries were adopted after the intraoperative detection of porcelain aorta and impossibility to complete surgical revascularization. This type of strategy preserves the benefits of surgical LAD grafting and complete revascularization and results in a simple and low-risk technical procedure in an otherwise challenging setting.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/136. Neuronal cytoskeletal changes are an early consequence of repetitive head injury.While neuropathological studies have established the pathology of dementia pugilistica to be similar to that of Alzheimer's disease, there is little information about the early histological changes caused by the repetitive trauma that eventually produces dementia pugilistica. We have examined the brains of four young men and a frontal lobectomy specimen from a fifth, age range 23-28 years, all of whom suffered mild chronic head injury. There were two boxers, a footballer, a mentally subnormal man with a long history of head banging, and an epileptic patient who repeatedly hit his head during seizures. The four autopsy cases were widely sampled; the lobectomy specimen was serially sliced after fixation. Routine stains were performed; inmmunostaining included beta-amyloid precursor protein, amyloid beta-protein (Abeta), tau and apolipoprotein E (apoE). Pathological findings in all five cases were of neocortical neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neuropil threads, with groups of tangles consistently situated around blood vessels in the worst affected regions. No Abeta immunoreactivity was detected. The amount of neuronal apoE expression varied widely between the cases with no clear relation to the NFTs. The apoE genotype was determined in only two cases (both epsilon3/epsilon3). It appears that repetitive head injury in young adults is initially associated with neocortical NFT formation in the absence of Abeta deposition. The distribution of the tau pathology suggests that the pathogenesis of cytoskeletal abnormalities may involve damage to blood vessels or perivascular elements.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8870030929232keywords = blood vessel, vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/136. Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome: a genetic microangiopathy?Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS) (McKusick 225750) is an autosomal recessive disease with onset in the 1st year of life, resulting in progressive microcephaly, calcification of cerebral white matter, thalamus and basal ganglia, generalized cerebral demyelination and a chronic low-grade CSF lymphocytosis, without evidence of infection. We report the autopsy of a patient who died with this disorder at the age of 17 years. Findings were severe microencephaly, diffuse but inhomogeneous cerebral white matter loss with associated astrocytosis, calcific deposits in the white matter, thalami and basal ganglia. neocortex and cerebellar cortex were affected by wedge-shaped microinfarctions. Small vessels showed calcification in the media, adventitia and perivascular spaces. These findings are similar to some previous publications that in retrospect may have been AGS, but this is the first reported cerebral microangiopathy in which the diagnosis AGS was made during lifetime. This report provides evidence that microangiopathy plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of AGS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/136. Aortic calcification contributing to bone densitometry measurement.A 75-yr-old glucocorticoid-dependent asthmatic male had a bone mineral density study to assess possible osteoporosis prior to initiating therapy. A radiograph of the lumbar spine revealed an asymmetrical compression of the second lumbar vertebra, marked scoliosis, vertebral osteopenia, and a highly calcified abdominal aorta. Bone mineral density (dual X-ray absolptiometry [DXA]) revealed low bone mass in L2-L4 and a markedly abnonrnal pattern, with a linear central density representing a calcified aorta. Posterior-anterior measurements of the midlumbar region with and without the overlying aorta indicated that the calcified vessel contributed up to 33% of the measured density. This was a far higher contribution than reported in other studies. Lateral DXA measurements of the L2 vertebra and the overlying aorta were performed to validate this finding. The density of the L2 vertebra was 0.215 g/cm(2), and that of the overlying calcified aorta was 0. 210 g/cm(2). This case suggests that aortic calcifications may contribute sign)ficantly to overall lumbar bone density and, unless recognized, can inadvertently lead to misclassification of osteoporosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/136. Patent internal and external carotid arteries beyond an occluded common carotid artery: report of a case diagnosed by color Doppler.Occlusion of the common carotid artery (CCA) is most often associated with thrombosis of the distal vessels. In rare cases, however, a weak antegrade flow can still be detected in the internal carotid artery (ICA). This patency is the result of a retrograde perfusion of the ipsilateral external carotid artery (ECA) via its collaterals. Such situation should not be ignored since bypass surgery can easily allow for effective restoration of flow. Most authors agree to say that color flow duplex imaging (CFDI) has now become the hallmark to detect a patent ICA in spite of a CCA occlusion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/136. Tumoral calcinosis: a case report with an electron microscopic study.A 68-year-old woman developed large subcutaneous masses on her abdomen and thighs after a bruise sustained in a traffic accident. She had severe pain when sitting up straight. Histological examination revealed calcified tissues in the entire dermis of the injured areas. On electron microscopy, crystalline materials were observed in the dermis, which seemed to be formed by the deposition of hydroxyapatite on unusual proteoglycan. In a vessel wall, a thick, layered basement membrane was observed. This suggests that vascular injury and subsequent hypoxia play a role in the process of calcinosis. We performed a partial resection with good results in alleviating the patient's pain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/136. Unusual signs for dural arteriovenous fistulas with diffuse basal ganglia and cerebral calcification.We present a case of multiple dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in a 60-year-old man with the chief complaint of worsening headache, altered mental status and progressively unsteady gait over the course of one year. Computerized tomography revealed diffuse, symmetric calcification in the bilateral basal ganglia and bilateral periventricular and subcortical white matter. magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple, enhanced, punctate and linear vessels. These images were due to reflux into the parenchymal veins in the dural AVF of the superior sagittal sinus within the basal ganglia and deep white matter of both cerebral hemispheres. cerebral angiography disclosed multiple dural AVFs. The exact mechanism of basal ganglia and subcortical calcification is proposed to be an arterial steal phenomenon or persistent venous congestion, with calcification occurring in a chronic hypoperfused state or with dystrophic changes in the walls of congested veins.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/136. Dystrophic calcification of the radial artery.The radial artery continues to enjoy resurgence in popularity as a conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting but few studies have examined the prevalence of preexisting disease in this vessel. We highlight a potential, avoidable pitfall when use of the radial artery for coronary artery bypass grafting is proposed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/136. angiolipoma of the breast with microcalcification. Mammographic, sonographic, and histologic appearances.angiolipoma of the breast is a rare benign fatty tumor that can be mammographically confused with breast carcinoma. We herein report such a case presenting as a partial obscured mass with microcalcification on mammogram. Sonogram revealed an encapsulated hyperechoic nodule with homogeneous internal echo. Microscopic evaluation revealed abundant adipose tissues with evidence of proliferating vessels and intravascular hyaline thrombi. To our knowledge, angiolipomas of the breast containing microcalcification secondary to intravascular thrombi had not been previously reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/136. Primary bilateral mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the breast with atypical ductal hyperplasia and localized amyloidosis. A case report and review of the literature.Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the breast is a rare disease. Primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is even rarer, and bilateral involvement is exceptional. We describe a case of primary bilateral breast mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with bilateral atypical ductal hyperplasia and bilateral localized amyloidosis in a 64-year-old woman with a history of arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus and its clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical features. Microscopic examination of the breast lesion showed dense periductal and perilobular small and plasmacytoid lymphocytes with eosinophilic amyloid in the vessels and the stroma. Bilateral single foci of atypical ductal hyperplasia were also noted. Fine needle aspiration showed small and large lymphocytes and plasma cells. Molecular analysis demonstrated a heavy chain immunoglobulin H gene rearrangement. flow cytometry studies showed an abnormal B-cell population. The combined histologic, paraffin immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and molecular results were considered diagnostic for low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. The patient underwent bilateral local breast radiation without other organ or site involvement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = vessel (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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