1/44. Successfully treated central nervous system Burkitt's lymphoma with minimal extraneural disease in a child.Burkitt's lymphoma, the most common childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, usually presents with abdominal tumors. central nervous system (CNS) involvement in Burkitt's lymphoma is mostly secondary to advanced systemic disease, rarely with brain parenchymal lesions, and was previously recalcitrant to treatment. We report an unusual case of CNS Burkitt's lymphoma with minimal extraneural disease. This 10-year-old immunocompetent boy presented with increased intracranial pressure and seizures and was found to have multifocal intracerebral lesions on brain imaging studies. cerebrospinal fluid studies confirmed the presence of Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Abdominal computed tomography showed bilateral nephromegaly with left intrarenal lesions that disappeared after three doses of intravenous dexamethasone. The patient was treated for 6.5 months according to the LMB 89 group C protocol of the French Pediatric Oncology Society. The response was brisk and complete. The patient has been disease free for more than 4 years, and is believed to be cured.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = central nervous system, nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/44. Epstein-Barr virus associated B-cell lymphoma of brain developing in myelodysplastic syndrome with c-kit mutation (Try-557 -->stop).The first case of B-cell lymphoma of brain in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) was reported. A 68-year-old man was admitted because of anemia, fever, and thrombocytopenia and was diagnosed as having MDS (refractory anemia with excess of blasts) on the basis of the findings of bone marrow aspiration and chromosomal analysis. The patient was followed up without chemotherapy, but a brain tumor appeared after 3 years. Histologic and immunohistologic examinations revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Mutations of the c-kit proto-oncogene (stem cell factor receptor) and the p53 tumor-suppressor gene were examined in the MDS lesion and malignant lymphoma (ML) by the polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) method followed by direct sequencing. The p53 mutation was not found in either MDS or ML, but a nonsense mutation (Try-557 --> stop) in exon 11 of the c-kit, which might lead to dysfunction of tyrosine kinase activity, was detected in MDS. This is the first report of c-kit mutation in MDS. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome was demonstrated in the nucleus of brain ML cells by in situ hybridization with EBV-encoded rna-1 probe. immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells expressed latent infection gene products, including EBV nuclear antigen-2 and latent membrane protein-1. This pattern of latent gene expression was Lat III, which is usually found in malignant lymphomas developing in immunocompromised hosts. These findings suggest that a profound pancytopenia in MDS resulted in an immunodeficient condition, after which EBV-positive B-cell lymphoma of brain developed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.019105598114659keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/44. Primary central nervous system lymphoma in childhood presenting as progressive panhypopituitarism.We report a 15-year-old boy who had isolated central diabetes insipidus initially diagnosed at age 11 years. A brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal at the time. At age 12 years, growth hormone (GH) testing was performed because of a decline in linear growth rate and demonstrated GH deficiency. After a repeat normal brain MRI, GH therapy was begun. Three years later, hormonal testing revealed prepubertal gonadotropins and low testosterone levels, free thyroxine index, and morning cortisol levels. Repeat brain MRI demonstrated a 9-mm enhancing lesion in the region of the pituitary stalk. The pathologic diagnosis was that of a high-grade malignant B-cell lymphoma, suggestive of burkitt lymphoma. growth hormone therapy has not been associated with an increased incidence of lymphoma. This report underscores the need for vigilance in follow-up brain imaging and hormonal evaluation in children with diabetes insipidus, especially those with evolving anterior hormone deficiencies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.94592555383417keywords = central nervous system, nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/44. Primary burkitt lymphoma of the brain in an immunocompetent patient. Case report.Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is rare and is most often seen in immunodeficient patients. The majority of these tumors are the non-Hodgkin type and are high grade. Primary burkitt lymphoma of the CNS in immunocompetent individuals has rarely been reported. The authors treated a 49-year-old woman who presented with left-sided weakness that had lasted 1.5 months. magnetic resonance imaging revealed an oval mass in the left parietal region. with central necrosis and peripheral edema, and no attachment to the leptomeninges or ependyma. Pathological examination yielded a diagnosis of typical burkitt lymphoma. Six months postoperatively, the patient is ambulatory and has improving neurological signs. This is a typical case of primary burkitt lymphoma of the brain in an immunocompetent patient, which is a very rare event. The imaging pattern of the lesion is not typical of brain lymphomas and can result in an incorrect preoperative diagnosis of other brain tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme. The patient's treatment and follow-up review are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25081058704454keywords = central nervous system, nervous system, brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/44. Imaging hiv/AIDS. Burkitt's lymphoma.Imaging is often vital in the diagnosis and staging of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with regard to infections and malignancies. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is an AIDS-defining illness and a common AIDS-related malignancy. These lymphomas are usually high-grade immunoblastic, primary central nervous system (CNS) or Burkitt's, and occasionally Hodgkin's. In europe and north america, Burkitt's lymphoma occurs vastly more often in AIDS. Images of three widely varied cases of AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma reflect its radiologic features.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23409318869421keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/44. Burkitt's lymphoma with bilateral cavernous sinus and mediastinal involvement in a child.We report a 12-year-old boy who presented with incomplete right ophthalmoplegia, exophthalmos and headache. Initial CT and MRI revealed a mass in the right cavernous sinus. During tumour work-up, CT identified additional tumour within the mediastinum. biopsy of the mediastinal lesion identified Burkitt's lymphoma. We report on this case because radiologists and clinicians should be alerted to identify sites of primary Burkitt's lymphoma outside of the central nervous system if clinical symptoms indicate, or imaging shows, CNS lesions. Primary CNS involvement in Burkitt's lymphoma is rare.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23409318869421keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/44. Lymphoma-induced polyradiculopathy in AIDS: two cases.Progressive polyradiculopathy is a rare, well-documented complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in man. It has been commonly attributed to a cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. We report two hiv-infected patients with clinical and electrophysiological features of a unique, subacute, progressive polyradiculopathy. Post-mortem examination in case 1 disclosed an infiltration of the leptomeninges, the lumbar spinal cord, and the anterior and posterior roots by a B-cell immunoblastic lymphoma. immunochemistry for HIV1 and CMV was negative in the peripheral and the central nervous system. Case 2 showed bone-marrow involvement by a Burkitt type lymphoma. Specific chemotherapy was followed by both clinical improvement of the polyradiculopathy and complete remission on a second bone-marrow biopsy. These findings may indicate that a lymphoma must also be considered a possible cause of polyradiculopathy in AIDS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23409318869421keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/44. Bilateral primary malignant lymphoma of the breast during pregnancy.The authors report a case of bilateral primary malignant lymphoma of the breast presenting during pregnancy in a 24-year-old woman. After the delivery of a healthy premature infant by Caesarean section, polychemotherapy was employed. The efficacy of the treatment could not be evaluated since the patient died within a very short period of time. autopsy and histological examination revealed infiltration of Burkitt-type lymphoma in the breast, ovary, brain, liver, kidney, adrenal gland, pancreas, stomach, bone marrow and myocardium.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0023881997643324keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/44. Myocardial involvement in a patient with Burkitt's lymphoma mimicking hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Burkitt's lymphoma is a highly aggressive type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma frequently associated with extranodal or abdominal manifestations. We report the case of a young woman with generalized Burkitt's lymphoma, initially presenting with signs and symptoms of central nervous system involvement. Myocardial infiltration mimicking hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was detected with electrocardiogram, echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomographic scintigraphy with F-18 desoxy-glucose. These abnormalities resolved after high-intensity chemotherapy with a modified B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) protocol.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23409318869421keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/44. Effects of intraventricular methotrexate on folate, adenosine, and homocysteine metabolism in cerebrospinal fluid.methotrexate (MTX) is an antifolate that affects many metabolic pathways. MTX may cause neurologic toxicity, but the biochemical effects of MTX on the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly characterized. The authors studied serial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from a child during two courses of intraventricular MTX and found a rapid and reproducible depletion in CSF of reduced folates and s-adenosylmethionine that was accompanied by marked increases in homocysteine and adenosine. No sulfur-containing excitatory amino acids were detected. This study demonstrates multiple profound effects of MTX on CNS metabolism and provides insight to the pathogenesis of MTX neurotoxicity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23409318869421keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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