1/3. Cochleosaccular pathology after perinatal and postnatal asphyxia: histopathologic findings.OBJECTIVE: This study describes the histopathologic findings of a patient with severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss after perinatal and postnatal hypoxia and asphyxia. STUDY DESIGN: Histopathologic examination on the temporal bones. SETTING: The study was performed at the Elizabeth McCullough Knowles Otopathology Laboratory, Division of Otopathology, Department of otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination on the left temporal bone revealed severe atrophy of the organ of corti throughout the entire cochlea, decrease in the number of the spiral ganglion cells especially in the basal turn, and mild atrophy of saccular macula. In the right temporal bone, similar abnormalities were observed in the inner ear, but the changes were milder than those in the left temporal bone. No other distinct pathologic finding was observed in either ear. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the presence of severe hypoxic ischemia causes cochleosaccular atrophy. To our knowledge, this is the first histopathologic case report describing the long-term effect of perinatal and postnatal hypoxia and asphyxia that produced cochleosaccular abnormalities in the human inner ear.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/3. Pathological findings in the temporal bone of newborn infants with neonatal asphyxia.Hypoxia in adults frequently causes damage to the brain, but not the inner ear. However, hypoxia in neonates with inadequate blood-inner ear barrier function causes damage to the inner ear, leading to hearing loss and equilibration disorder. Clinically, asphyxiated neonates sometimes have the complication of sensorineural hearing impairment at high frequencies. Many reports suggest that this problem is caused by hypoxic encephalopathy. However, it is not clear whether inner ear disorders are present. In this report we examined the inner ear pathology of four asphyxiated neonates using serial sections of temporal bone.The subjects (n=4) were 1-13-day-old neonates with pregnancy periods of 24-36 weeks. Their fetal growth curves were within the normal range. There was one case each of twin pregnancy, placental abruption, placenta previa and meconium aspiration syndrome.For the case of severe neonatal asphyxia, damage to the inner ear included the degeneration and disappearance of outer hair cells of the organ of corti and edematous changes in the stria vascularis. Degeneration of spiral ganglion and vestibular ganglion cells was observed in two of the other cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/3. Real-time ultrasonography of arterial IVH in preterm infants.The vascular origin of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants is controversial and has been variously attributed to arteries, veins, arterioles, capillaries, or sinusoids that may be found in the vicinity of the ganglionic eminence. The clinical histories and serial ultrasound images are reported from 2 patients with intraventricular hemorrhage of arterial (high pressure) origin that were captured on real-time ultrasonography as they occurred.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ganglion (Clic here for more details about this article) |