1/20. Pure dislocation of the ankle: three case reports and literature review.Ankle dislocation without fracture is an extremely rare injury. The results of treatment are reported for three patients who had a posteromedial open dislocation, a lateral open dislocation, and a posterior closed dislocation of the ankle. Management consisted of immediate reduction, debridement and capsular suture in the open dislocations, and immobilization with a short leg cast in all patients. At followup no patient had tibiotalar joint instability; a 10 degrees to 15 degrees loss in the range of dorsiflexion was observed in two patients. One patient reported paresthesia in the area of the superficial peroneal nerve. The three patients achieved good long-term functional and radiographic results. Predisposing factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of this lesion are internal malleolus hypoplasia, ligamentous laxity, weakness of the peroneal muscles, and previous ankle sprains. Among the three patients, medial malleolus hypoplasia was present in one patient and previous sprains were seen in the clinical history of another patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/20. A case of superficial peroneal nerve injury during ankle arthroscopy.We report a case of superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) injury caused by ankle arthroscopy. A 20-year-old woman underwent arthroscopy on her right ankle because of chronic ankle pain after a sprain. After arthroscopy, the patient complained of pain on the dorsum of her right foot and felt a radiating pain from the anterolateral portal to the dorsomedial aspect of her foot. Eight months after arthroscopy, we found that a neuroma had developed on the intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve, and performed neurolysis of the SPN. Her symptoms gradually decreased after surgery, and had disappeared by 45 months. To avoid such an injury of the SPN, the safest placement of the anterolateral portal is necessary and is, according to our previous anatomic study, 2 mm lateral to the peroneus tertius tendon.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/20. Ski boot compression syndrome.The extensor tendons and peroneal nerve can be compressed at the ankle by the tongue of the ski boot. The resulting neuritis and synovitis may be severe enough to mimick an anterior compartment syndrome. Treatment consists of conservative methods but the paresthesiae may remain for long periods of time.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/20. Ankle dislocation without accompanying malleolar fracture. A case report.Dislocation of the tibiotalar joint without associated fracture is rare. We present here a 21-year-old man who sustained open posteromedial dislocation of the left ankle without malleolar facture when he jumped and sprained his right ankle while playing basketball. The most likely mechanism is forced flexion applied to the ankle joint leading to a rupture of the anterior capsule and lateral structures of the ankle followed by an accelerating inversion stress leading to a posteromedial dislocation of the talus from the tibial condyle. Transient paresthesia was noted in the area of the superficial peroneal nerve. At surgery, the anterior part of the tibiotalar joint capsule and anterior talofibular ligament were detached from their original sites. The calcaneofibular ligament was also detached with its associated periosteum and a tiny avulsed bony fragment. The articular facets of the tibia and talus were intact. The treatment consisted of wound irrigation, debridement, reduction and capsular suture followed by immobilization with a short leg cast. About 10 degrees of loss in the range of dorsiflexion was observed. The patient achieved good long-term functional results.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/20. A composite neuro-teno-cutaneous forearm flap in the one-stage reconstruction of a large defect of the soft tissue around the ankle.The vascular anatomy of the radial forearm flap, incorporating the brachioradialis and palmaris tendons together with the superficial radial nerve in 20 fresh cadavers, is described. The radial artery in the cadaveric forearm was irrigated and injected with blue latex. The number and distribution of the cutaneous branches supplying the skin, brachioradialis tendon, palmaris tendon, and superficial radial nerve, were then documented in relation to the distance from the radiocarpal joint. The radial artery was found to provide adequate blood supply to the above structures. This flap has been used as a composite neuro-teno-cutaneous flap to resurface a large defect involving tendon, nerve, and skin loss in the ankle and the foot as a one-stage procedure. This technique avoids multiple-staged operations and thus shortens the convalescent period in rehabilitation of severely traumatized limbs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/20. Perineural fibrosis of superficial peroneal nerve complicating ankle sprain: a case report.The peroneal nerve is susceptible to traction injury during inversion ankle sprains. Previously, these traction lesions have been identified only at the fibular neck and popliteal fossa level. This report illustrates a previously unreported condition of perineural fibrosis of the superficial peroneal nerve at the level of the ankle following an inversion ankle sprain. Perineural fibrosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with persistent pain after ankle sprain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/20. Sciatic block in lower limb surgery.A series of cases is described in which sciatic nerve block (by the lateral approach of Guiardini et al., 1985), with or without femoral nerve blockade, proved useful in the manipulation of tibial and ankle fractures without recourse to general anaesthesia. A case is presented in which this approach was the method of choice.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/20. Traumatic false aneurysm of the ankle. A case report.A 27-year-old man incurred a false aneurysm of the peroneal artery secondary to an inversion injury to the ankle. A search of the literature disclosed no other cases of false aneurysms with ankle sprains. The false aneurysm of the peroneal artery appeared as a mass with a compressive neuropathy of the sural nerve. The diagnosis of false aneurysm of the peroneal artery following an inversion injury to the ankle should be suspected in cases of persistent localized swelling with inordinate pain that does not subside with elevation and immobilization and is associated with peroneal neuropathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/20. Superficial peroneal nerve entrapment. Report of two cases.Two cases of entrapment of the superficial peroneal nerve are presented. This is an unusual cause for leg discomfort and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of leg pain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/20. Common peroneal nerve palsy following inversion ankle injury: a report of two cases.Function of the peroneal nerve should be evaluated in all patients with a history of inversion ankle sprain. Two cases were presented that demonstrated significant involvement of the common peroneal nerve following ankle injury. Manual muscle testing and sensory exams identified the involvement of the peroneal nerve, and electrophysiological testing localized the lesion and provided indications of the severity of the trauma. The importance of routinely performing neurological testing on patients with ankle sprains as part of initial and follow-up evaluations has been demonstrated and is supported in the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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