Cases reported "Alcoholism"

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1/1032. Pulmonary tuberculosis following successful treatment of pulmonary infection with mycobacterium kansasii.

    A case of pulmonary tuberculosis following successful treatment of pulmonary infection with mycobacterium kansasii is presented. The immunizing effect of an infection with M kansasii and and other nonspecific immune factors are discussed. ( info)

2/1032. A case of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid withdrawal syndrome during alcohol addiction treatment: utility of diazepam administration.

    Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is an emerging drug for alcoholism therapy. We present a case of GHB withdrawal syndrome secondary to GHB addiction during alcoholism treatment. A complete disappearance of drug withdrawal syndrome was achieved with oral diazepam and the symptoms resolved without sequelae. GHB has been used for alcoholism therapy for only a few years now, but the trend is increasing, and other cases similar to this one are foreseeable. This risk could be higher in some countries in which GHB use is increasing not for alcoholism therapy, but for its euphoric and anabolic effects. The present experience indicates that administration of benzodiazepines would seem to be sufficient to achieve total regression of the withdrawal syndrome in a short time, at least if recognized early. ( info)

3/1032. Premalignant lesions and hepatocellular carcinoma in a non-cirrhotic alcoholic patient with iron overload and normal transferrin saturation.

    A 66-year-old white man had a hepatic resection for a 6-cm well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma which had developed in a non-cirrhotic liver. The only risk factors found were heavy drinking, smoking and heterozygosity for the C282Y mutation of the HFE gene. The liver was mildly fibrotic and overloaded with iron. It also contained numerous iron-free hepatocellular lesions from <1 to 10 mm, suggesting a premalignant change. These lesions were of three types: (i) iron-free foci, (ii) hyperplastic nodules and (iii) dysplastic nodules with severe dysplasia or even foci of well-differentiated grade I hepatocellular carcinoma. This observation suggests the possibility of malignant transformation of the liver in the newly-described syndrome of iron overload and normal transferrin saturation. It also illustrates the multistep process of carcinogenesis in the non-cirrhotic liver. ( info)

4/1032. Focal rhabdomyolysis and brachial plexopathy: an association with heroin and chronic ethanol use.

    A 22-year-old man presented with acute swelling of the left neck and associated weakness of the left arm upon awakening after having snorted heroin. He had consumed large amounts of ethanol regularly for 7 years. serum creatine kinase was greater than 19,000 units/l. A diagnosis of focal rhabdomyolysis and left brachial plexopathy was made. Focal rhabdomyolysis with associated plexopathy is an uncommon but recognized complication of acute heroin use. Chronic ethanol use may have a "sensitizing" role in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. ( info)

5/1032. Characteristics and prognosis of alcoholic doctors.

    Five medically qualified women and 36 men who were being treated for alcoholism at a london postgraduate hospital were studied. Most were middle-aged and at an advanced stage of alcoholism. They had usually started drinking heavily in the wake of well-established drug dependence or other psychiatric disorder; as students or housemen; and in the armed forces. Thirty-six doctors were followed up for a mean of 63 months. Five doctors either killed themselves or died of cirrhosis, and nine persisted in almost continuous dependent drinking, while seven completely overcame their alcohol problem and 10 had only occasional relapses. Their prealcoholic careers had ranged from repeated failure to spectacular success, but of 29 doctors alive at follow-up only eight were practising satisfactorily. ( info)

6/1032. Purtscher's retinopathy in acute pancreatitis.

    A patient who became blind following an episode of alcohol-induced pancreatitis is described. The clinical appearance of this patient's retinal changes corresponds most closely to post-traumatic (Purtscher's) retinopathy. The etiology of the retinopathy is best explained by retinal vascular occlusion due either to fat embolism or thrombosis. ( info)

7/1032. Hypokalemic myopathy due to chronic alcoholism.

    A patient with hypokalemic myopathy occurring in the context of chronic alcoholism was reported. A 56-year-old male patient, heavy drinker for 20 years, complained of marked weakness and acutely developing pains in his limbs. The principal clinical findings were weakness and tenderness of the proximal limbs and girdle muscle. He was unable to lift his head or any extremities from the bed. Deep tendon reflexes were diminished, but not absent. There was no sensory disturbance except for muscle tenderness. These clinical manifestations disappeared gradually by abstinence from drinking, and potassium administration therapy, and the patient recovered completely on the 26th day after onset. On the day after admission (8th day), serum potassium value was 2.2mEq/L, and serum CPK activity was 4270IU. The ECG pattern was consistent with a diagnosis of low potassium content in serum, and the EMG pattern was consistent with a diagnosis of myopathy. These electrophysiological findings had a tendency to recover from this pattern to normal range correspondingly with clinical improvement. The repeated muscle biopsies showed that vacuolation, hyaline degeneration and significant phagocyte infiltration were observed in the muscle on the 9th day after the onset of muscle weakness, and that these pathological findings disappeared almost completely three weeks later. The frequently repeated examinations of potassium content and CPK activity in sera showed that there was a close correlation between these biochemical abnormalities and clinical improvememt. The pathogenesis of alcoholic myopathy and significance of CPK abnormality in chronic alcoholism were discussed. ( info)

8/1032. Booze and blood: the effects of acute and chronic alcohol abuse on the hematopoietic system.

    Acute and chronic alcohol abuse are common conditions in patients admitted to hospitals. Alcohol has widespread direct and indirect effects on the hematologic system which can mimic and/or obscure other disorders. Leukocyte, erythrocyte, and thrombocyte production and functions are affected directly. liver damage secondary to alcohol abuse also impacts red blood cells also impacts red blood cells and the hemostatic mechanisms. Nutritional deficiencies are caused not only by poor dietary habits practiced by alcohol abusers, but by the effect of alcohol on the absorption, storage, and utilization of several vitamins. Identifying these numerous effects results in a more comprehensive and clinically accurate understanding of the patients hematologic status. ( info)

9/1032. hypothermia--a sign of hypoglycemia.

    hypothermia may occur in association with hypoglycemia, and indeed may be the only sign. Two cases are presented. In one, the patient presented with hypoglycemic encephalopathy. In the insulin dependent diabetic, the condition is life-threatening. Subnormal temperature is a clue to hypoglycemia in the alcoholic. The mechanism of hypothermia has been extensively studied, but remains unclear. ( info)

10/1032. beer drinker's hyponatraemia: a case report.

    beer drinker's hyponatraemia, also called beer potomania, is a syndrome of hyponatraemia in patients who consume excessive amounts of beer and have a poor dietary intake. We describe a patient with chronic asymptomatic hyponatraemia due to beer potomania. The pathophysiology of this syndrome, the treatment and prevention are reviewed. ( info)
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