A rare autosomal recessive
disease characterized by the deposition of
copper in the
brain; LIVER;
cornea; and other organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding
copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the Wilson
disease protein. The overload of
copper inevitably leads to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as
liver cirrhosis;
tremor;
ataxia and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.