What is the connection between malignant neoplasms and crabs?

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The more common term for malignant neoplasms, cancer, is Latin for crab, and the word "carcinogen," meaning a cancer-causing agent, comes from the Greek word for crab, "karkinos." What is the connection between these two seemingly unrelated things?
Cancer, both the disease and the astronomical constellation, derive from the Latin cancer or cancrum, meaning crab. The astrological sign, of course, is said to resemble a crab and the disease was so named by the ancient Greek physician Galen (129-200 A.D.) who noted the similarity between a certain type of tumor with a crab as well—the swollen veins around the tumor resembling the legs of a crab.

Old English adopted cancer directly from Latin and used it for a variety of spreading sores and ulcers. This early sense survives in the modern word canker. From c.1000 in a manuscript called Læce Boc (Leech Book), collected in Oswald Cockayne’s Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England, Vol. II, 1865:

Gemeng wið þam dustum, clæm on ðone cancer.
(Mix with the dust, smear on the cancer.)

And from Wyclif’s 2 Timothy, 1382:

The word of hem crepith as a kankir

The word was being applied specifically to the disease we today call cancer by the beginning of the 17th century. From Philemon Holland’s translation of Pliny’s Historie of the World:

Cancer is a swelling or sore comming of melancholy bloud, about which the veins appeare of a blacke or swert colour, spread in manner of a Creifish clees.

The astronomical sense of cancer is from the Latin name for the constellation of the crab. The name was known to the Anglo-Saxons, but only as a Latin name and was not assimilated into English until the Middle English period. It appears in Ælfric’s De Temporibus Anni, written c.993, in a list of the constellations of the Zodiac:

Feorða • Cancer • þæt is Crabba
(Fourth, Cancer, that is the crab.)

The Anglicized name appears c.1391 in Chaucer’s Treatise on the Astrolabe:

In this heved of cancer is the grettist declinacioun northward of the sonne...this signe of cancre is clepid the tropik of Somer.
(At this first point (head) of cancer is the greatest declination northward of the sun…this sign of cancer is named the tropic of summer.)

(Source: Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd Edition)  (+ info)

What is the basis of differing actions of antineoplastic agents on different tissue/neoplasms?

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What is the basis for differing tissue- and neoplasm-specificites of antieoplastic chemotherapeutic agents? This doubt arose because considering what the pharmacokinetics of these drugs are it remains to be answered as to why a certain agent would act only in a particular tissue or neoplasm when the mechanisms they employ are so similar, e.g., various alkylating agents in spite having same action act of different tumors with differing degrees of effectiveness. Hope someone answers the question specifically. Useful links to free-text articles would also be highly appreciated. Bye. TC.
If you have thoughts on this subject, you ought to have the initiative to research it yourself.  (+ info)

What are site requirements for an online food retailer?

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I'm designing a site for a client, but they're not sure what the health requirements (verbiage) for an online food retail site are. I'm not sure how to phrase this in google, so any helpful links would be great.

Thanks!
Here is a good one to check out
www.foodsupplier.com  (+ info)

What is the best site for a free ovulation calender?

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I've been to different sites for ovulation calenders and calculators and different sites are giving me different dates. What is the best site for this and please give answers based on experience. Thanks!
I use more than one site so that I make sure that the information overlaps. Here are the sites:

www.babyzone.com

www.fertilityfriend.com

http://www.ovulation-calendar.net/

Here are a few I don't use, but that I have heard are pretty good:

http://fertility-awareness.com/Home_Page.html

http://www.mymonthlycycles.com/home.jsp?referrer=ggl_ov_1

http://www.babyhopes.com/ovulation-calendar/?gclid=CI_y572my4UCFQxDVAodJl4f4g  (+ info)

what site can I use to buy Phentermine diet pill without a doctors approval?

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Can anyone assist me in locating a web site that allows for the purchase of the diet pill Phentermine with out using a doctors approval. I dont have a general doctor and this is an issue. Please help. Thank you!
Phentermine is a dangerous medication... It is highly addictive in nature... and should ALWAYS be taken under the direct supervision of a doctor... I would not suggest continuing this search... If a doctor is not prescribing it and watching how you are reacting to it you could end up in serious trouble... It is illegal to take this medication without a prescription... It is classified as a C3 narcotic... That means it poses a serious risk for addiction... Find a doctor first please...  (+ info)

Is there a web site that matches your available ingredients with recipes?

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I'm looking for a web site that would let you enter ingredients you have on hand--say celery, mushrooms, and squash--and would spit out a variety of recipes that use those ingredients. Do you know anything like that?

If you don't know of such a site, would you please build one for me? Thanks.
recipezaar.com  (+ info)

What site/s give reviews and information about different beauty products?

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Please help- i really need a site that will review & give information about all kinds of different beauty products.
Make-up Alley. This is one of the best beauty website I have ever found, hope you like it too!  (+ info)

Any site that explains what kind of seasonings are good?

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Anyone know of a good site for seasonings - and their uses. I have SO many seasons and I don't know what I want to use them on when I'm experimenting with my own receipe. I know fresh seasons are better and I look for new ones and don't know what may be good. Any good ideas you have will be appreciated to if you like anything in particular.
To me, nothing beats the taste of fresh garlic, flat leaf parsley and basil.

Herbs from Epicurious
The fragrant leaves of any of various annual or perennial plants that grow in temperate zones and do not have woody stems. Herbs can be purchased in dried or fresh forms. Some, like CHIVES, are also sold frozen. Some of the more commonly available fresh herbs are BASIL, BAY LEAF , CHERVIL, CORIANDER, MARJORAM, MINT, OREGANO, PARSLEY , ROSEMARY, SAGE, SAVORY, TARRAGON and THYME. They can be found at various times of year, depending on the herb. Choose herbs that have a clean, fresh fragrance and a bright color without any sign of wilting or browning. They can be stored in the refrigerator, wrapped in a barely damp paper towel and sealed airtight in a plastic bag for up to 5 days. For storage up to 10 days (depending on the herb), place the bouquet of herbs, stem end down, in a tall glass and fill with cold water until the ends are covered by 1 inch. Cover the top of the bouquet with a plastic bag, securing it to the glass with a rubber band. Alternatively, the herb bouquet may be placed in a screw-top jar in the same manner and sealed tightly. Either way, the water should be changed every 2 days. Just before using, wash the herbs and blot dry with a paper towel. Dried herbs are available year-round in metal or cardboard boxes, bottles, cellophane packages and unglazed ceramic pots. They have a stronger, more concentrated flavor than fresh herbs, but quickly lose their pungency. Crushed or ground herbs become lackluster more quickly than whole herbs. The more airtight the storage container, the longer the herbs will last. Transfer those in cardboard, tin, unglazed ceramic or cellophane to small glass bottles or jars with screw-top lids. Each time you use the herb, make sure the lid is tightly resealed. Store dried herbs in a cool, dark place for a maximum of 6 months. After 3 months, it is best to refrigerate them. Herbs are used to flavor all manner of food and drink. Most should be used judiciously because many of them can be quite pungent. See also HERB AND SPICE CHART; ANGELICA; BORAGE; BUCKWHEAT; BURNET; CHIVE; COSTMARY ; CURRY LEAF; DILL; EPAZOTE ; GARLIC CHIVES; HORSERADISH; HYSSOP; LEMON BALM; LEMON GRASS; LEMON VERBENA; SORREL; SPICES; WORMWOOD ; YARROW.  (+ info)

What is the best site for a recipie for making a volcano?

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Please just give me a web site & I will pick the best answer based on the best web site I get.
recipezaar.com I know one of them is Recipe #143184. But I know there are more.  (+ info)

What is a good site to get past proxy blockers on my school server?

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I need a good site to get on myspace from my school server. The school blocks all proxy,social networking and gaming sites and the original proxy I was using is now deactivated.
thousand of proxy list :
http://insurance1.cn/proxy  (+ info)

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