How could the tetanus toxin decrease the post-synaptic response of motor neuron?

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By degrading the protein synaptobrevin the toxin prevents the affected neurons from secreting the inhibitory nuerotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid and glycene preventing the inhibition of motor relexes by sensory stimulation.  (+ info)

could any one tell about the disease multifocal motor nerve conduction blocks is there any treatment for cure

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my father has been suffering from this disease from the past 2 years , it has increased slowly from finger and now entire body is affected.we have spent so much of money for his treatment but rather it grew worse.can any one suggest any doctor or hospital for his complete treatment.
well ur father needs consultation with a neurologist...

divya are u from india?its very costly treatment....without insurance i may say


Most patients maintain productive lives despite ongoing symptoms, and up to 94% remain employed.

Gradual progression of symptoms may lead to significant disability.

MMN is an immune-mediated disorder, and while multiple immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive treatments have been used, only intravenous IVIG and cyclophosphamide have been consistently effective. Anecdotal reports also indicate that rituximab, interferon-beta, azathioprine, and cyclosporine may be efficacious.

Cyclophosphamide may be used in combination with plasmapheresis.

Corticosteroids or plasmapheresis (without cyclophosphamide) is not effective, and in some cases, MMN may even worsen.

Recent reports describe effective treatment with cyclosporine and rituximab in a small number of patients, but additional data are needed before these would be recommended for treatment of MMN.

Other treatments used with variable success include interferon-beta and azathioprine.

* Most patients are treated as outpatients, although they may have to be admitted with severe exacerbations.

Further Outpatient Care:

* Outpatient care consists of clinic visits to neurologists, physiatrists, and occupational and physical therapists.

In/Out Patient Meds:

* IVIG infusions are usually administered on an outpatient basis in the physician's office or at home.

* Prognosis is usually good, and 70-80% of patients respond to treatment. Even in patients who do not respond to therapy, weakness is only slowly progressive and up to 94% of patients remain employed.  (+ info)

How does Motor Neurone Disease progress?

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I know it depends in each individual, but what symptoms happen when does anyone know? Thankyou x
Motor neuron disorders are characterized by steady, relentless, progressive degeneration of corticospinal tracts, anterior horn cells, bulbar motor nuclei, or a combination. Symptoms vary in severity and may include muscle weakness and atrophy, fasciculations, emotional lability, and respiratory muscle weakness. Diagnosis involves nerve conduction velocity studies, electromyography, and exclusion of other disorders via MRI and laboratory tests. Treatment is supportive.  (+ info)

Motor Neurone Disease. Why does it happen my mum has got it and it`s upsetting me cause of what happening?

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to her and the doctors cannot tell me how long she has she is in the very advanced stage.
Life can be very cruel, especially when someone very close to us is very ill,we don't always get the answers we want, all you can do is be there for your mum and do all you can to make her life easier. god bless you all  (+ info)

Is there a treatment (herbal or medical) for Monomelic Amyotrophy? A disorder of the motor nerves in the hands

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Info on Monomelic Amyotrophy: an untreatable, focal, lower motor neuron disease that primarily affects young (15 - 25 year-old) males. MMA is marked by insidious onset of muscular atrophy, which stabilizes at a plateau after two to five years from which it neither improves nor worsens. So basically, my hands have very little muscle or strength and no prospect of them ever being normal (useable) again. I've been to neurologists and they don't know enough about it because it is so rare. So, if anyone has any information on this, I would GREATLY appreciate it. Thanks.
Hi, I have found a website that has lots of info of this condition ,just click on link below cheers ♥

http://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rls=RNWE,RNWE:2004-18,RNWE:en&q=+Monomelic+Amyotrophy%3F  (+ info)

Need some advise I am caring for my Mother who has MND Motor Nerone Disease?

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I never thought i would do this. I love my Mum and want to spend as much time with her as I can. If anyone has cared for someone with MND advise would be great.
Thank You
I noticed no one had answered this question, and while I have experience with this disease at all, these people : http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/26739012/ do. They look like they would be very helpful and provide an excellent support network.   (+ info)

what is the disease or disturbance related to motor trigeminal nerve?

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The motor branches of the trigeminal nerve control the movement of eight muscles, including the four muscles of mastication: masseter,temporalis,medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid. 4 other muscles also receive trigeminal motor supply: tensor veli palatini,mylohyoid,anterior belly of digastric and tensor tympani.

Damage to these motor components would disrupt mastication,chewing.
(Involvement of the sensory components is responsible for trigeminal neuralgia.)  (+ info)

Motor neuron diseases - Is there any cure?

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Hello all,

One of my friend's dad, having a strange disease, named - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (as told by doctors).

Symptom's are given as below in a progressive way-
Initially he felt like having some trouble in walking. But later it was OK and he could walk. Later some time, he again felt problems during walking. He started walking with small steps. By now he started loosing his weight. The next stage is - he is unable to walk and need some one's help for walking. Then it spread to his hands also. Now he don't have any grip on his hands. As of latest, he is unable to stand even and knee buckling is happening.

Can anyone PLEASE let us know -
1. Are these exactly the symptoms of ALS?
2. Is there any cure in any kind of treatment (English, Ayurveda or Homeopathy )?

Please let us know the details as soon as possible as his situation is getting worse day by day.
Ravi,
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), sometimes called Lou Gehrig's disease, is a rapidly progressive, invariably fatal neurological disease that attacks the neurons responsible for controlling voluntary muscles. The disease belongs to a group of disorders known as motor neuron diseases, which are characterized by the gradual degeneration and death of motor neurons. In ALS, both the upper motor neurons and the lower motor neurons degenerate or die, ceasing to send messages to muscles. Unable to function, the muscles gradually weaken, waste away and twitch (fasciculations). Eventually, the ability of the brain to start and control voluntary movement is lost. The parts of the body affected by early symptoms of ALS depend on which muscles in the body are damaged first. The case that you refer to appears to have affected the legs, and has spread to the hands/arms. Regardless of the part of the body first affected by the disease, muscle weakness and atrophy spread to other parts of the body as the disease progresses. Patients have increasing problems with moving, swallowing and speaking or forming words. Symptoms of upper motor neuron involvement include tight and stiff muscles and exaggerated reflexes -hyperreflexia - including an overactive gag reflex. An abnormal reflex commonly called Babinski's sign (the large toe extends upward as the sole of the foot is stimulated in a certain way) also indicates upper motor neuron damage. Symptoms of lower motor neuron degeneration include muscle weakness and atrophy, muscle cramps, and fleeting twitches of muscles that can be seen under the skin known as fasciculations, as outlined above. To have beeen diagnosed with ALS, he must have signs and symptoms of both upper and lower motor neuron damage that cannot be attributed to other causes. A small percentage of patients may experience problems with memory or decision-making, and there is growing evidence that some may even develop a form of dementia. Health care professionals need to explain the course of the disease and describe available treatment options so that patients can make informed decisions in advance. In later stages of the disease, patients have difficulty breathing as the muscles of the respiratory system weaken. Patients eventually lose the ability to breathe on their own and must depend on ventilatory support for survival. Patients also face an increased risk of pneumonia during later stages of ALS. Treatment with Riluzole – Rilutek - is believed to reduce damage to motor neurons by decreasing the release of glutamate. Clinical trials with ALS patients showed that riluzole prolongs survival by several months, mainly in those with difficulty swallowing. The drug also extends the time before a patient needs ventilation support. No cure has yet been found for ALS.


ALL ANSWERS SHOULD BE THOROUGHLY RESEARCHED, IN ANY FORUM AND ESPECIALLY IN THIS ONE. - MANY ANSWERS ARE FLAWED.


The information provided here should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.


I add a link with details and one for the organization for ALS.

http://www.alsa.org/


http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/
amyotrophic-lateral-
sclerosis/DS00359

Hope this helps
matador 89  (+ info)

What is moto neuron disease?

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i want to know what moto neuron disease is (don't know whether i've spelt it right) but my grandad died of it 14 years ago. what is it and what does it affect and how do you get it? thanks.
I’m pretty sure that you mean motor neuron diseases. Given that this is what you are talking about, such diseases are a group of progressive neurological disorders that destroy motor neurons. These neurons are the cells that control voluntary muscle activity including speaking, walking, breathing, swallowing and general movement of the body.
Symptoms usually present themselves between the ages of 50-70 and occur more often in men then women. Symptoms include progressive weakness, muscle wasting, stiffness in the arms and legs, and overactive tendon reflexes. Patients may present with symptoms as diverse as a dragging foot, unilateral muscle wasting in the hands, or slurred speech. As far as why it happens, about 90% of cases occur in patients who have no family history. The remaining 10% of cases are linked to a known genetic mutation associated with the disease.

**As i stated, motor neuron diseases are a "group of diseases". What i listed here, are the most common facts associated with such diseases. For more information on a particular neuron disease, since there are a few please look at http://www.webmd.com/brain/motor-neuron-disease
They have a complete list *Disorder Subdivisions*  (+ info)

Has anyone heard of any causes of Motor Neurone disease?

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Thank you!
Muscular dystrophy, polio (poliomyelitis), and primary lateral sclerosis are all motor neuron diseases. Although a universal direct cause has not been found, your brain sends signals to your spinal cord through motor tracts (the" anterolateral system," among others) which go out through nerves through the "ventral horn" to nerves that reach your muscles. A disease that affects motor neurons can be from a defect in your primary motor cortex (brain), any one of the motor tracts in your spinal cord, or in one of the nerves that reaches to your muscles.  (+ info)

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