What is the connection between malignant neoplasms and crabs?

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The more common term for malignant neoplasms, cancer, is Latin for crab, and the word "carcinogen," meaning a cancer-causing agent, comes from the Greek word for crab, "karkinos." What is the connection between these two seemingly unrelated things?
Cancer, both the disease and the astronomical constellation, derive from the Latin cancer or cancrum, meaning crab. The astrological sign, of course, is said to resemble a crab and the disease was so named by the ancient Greek physician Galen (129-200 A.D.) who noted the similarity between a certain type of tumor with a crab as well—the swollen veins around the tumor resembling the legs of a crab.

Old English adopted cancer directly from Latin and used it for a variety of spreading sores and ulcers. This early sense survives in the modern word canker. From c.1000 in a manuscript called Læce Boc (Leech Book), collected in Oswald Cockayne’s Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England, Vol. II, 1865:

Gemeng wið þam dustum, clæm on ðone cancer.
(Mix with the dust, smear on the cancer.)

And from Wyclif’s 2 Timothy, 1382:

The word of hem crepith as a kankir

The word was being applied specifically to the disease we today call cancer by the beginning of the 17th century. From Philemon Holland’s translation of Pliny’s Historie of the World:

Cancer is a swelling or sore comming of melancholy bloud, about which the veins appeare of a blacke or swert colour, spread in manner of a Creifish clees.

The astronomical sense of cancer is from the Latin name for the constellation of the crab. The name was known to the Anglo-Saxons, but only as a Latin name and was not assimilated into English until the Middle English period. It appears in Ælfric’s De Temporibus Anni, written c.993, in a list of the constellations of the Zodiac:

Feorða • Cancer • þæt is Crabba
(Fourth, Cancer, that is the crab.)

The Anglicized name appears c.1391 in Chaucer’s Treatise on the Astrolabe:

In this heved of cancer is the grettist declinacioun northward of the sonne...this signe of cancre is clepid the tropik of Somer.
(At this first point (head) of cancer is the greatest declination northward of the sun…this sign of cancer is named the tropic of summer.)

(Source: Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd Edition)  (+ info)

What are low lying cerebellar tonsils and what does this mean?

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My daughter was diagnosed with a severe concussion due to head trauma. Upon reading the CT scan they noticed she had low lying cerebellar tonsils. Is this something that could be life threatening or could surgery correct this?
It is a normal variant of human development.  (+ info)

Diag: Cerebellar dysfunction 2nd degree to vestibulitis, intracranial neoplasm, subdural hemotoma?

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this diag. is from 1971

This is a diagnosis that was given to me when I was a child - can anyone help me with definitions of this.

I know it has to do with the brain being inflamed and having abnormal growth and a blood clot.
I would just like to know what it really means.
As a supplement to what essentiallysolo answered it should be mentioned that not all intracranial neoplasias are malignant (ie cancers). For instance most menigiomas are considered benign. Also some astrocytomas, ("pilocytic astrocytomas" are often seen in childhood in the cerebellum) behave benign. Was that what you had?.  (+ info)

What is the basis of differing actions of antineoplastic agents on different tissue/neoplasms?

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What is the basis for differing tissue- and neoplasm-specificites of antieoplastic chemotherapeutic agents? This doubt arose because considering what the pharmacokinetics of these drugs are it remains to be answered as to why a certain agent would act only in a particular tissue or neoplasm when the mechanisms they employ are so similar, e.g., various alkylating agents in spite having same action act of different tumors with differing degrees of effectiveness. Hope someone answers the question specifically. Useful links to free-text articles would also be highly appreciated. Bye. TC.
If you have thoughts on this subject, you ought to have the initiative to research it yourself.  (+ info)

Does anyone have any information about reoccurring cerebellar ataxia in a child ?

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My daughter was diagnosted with this when she was 3 now she is 9 and has it again. The ataxia has followed a viral infection both times. Her gait is unsteady with no other real symptoms.MRI has come back fine both times. The unsteady gait lasted almost a month last time. We don't know what else to do for her.
ok. it will be long
In cases where it was produced as result of any viral infection (like chicken pox) it will resolve on its own\
In cases where the ataxia is caused by other conditions, like scleriosis or cerebral palsy, it might not be treatable.
but to improve the coordination in both cases there is physical therapy (if experiencing problem with walking) speech therapy (for speech problem) etc.  (+ info)

Is thr any one from India who had been visited china for stem cell therapy to treat "Cerebellar Ataxia"?

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Is thr any other remedies ( may in ayurveda, homeopathy) for this available in India?
wow! gud luck wid finding an answer! i'm frm India, but never visited China and don't plan 2!  (+ info)

What are the harmful effects from small benign neoplasms arising from endocrine organs on the patient?

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Give positive answers...
Get to know them better. This is not a task only to be accomplished through dating. The more you get to know him or her, the more you can tell if you like them as a friend or something else. Just talk and do fun activities with the person.
Stop and consider why you like the person. There are many physically attractive and smart people out there. But if you see something beyond that really catches your attention, you've marked this person as unique and probably like them. Why else would they stand out from so many?
Consider how many times you think about the person. If you find yourself thinking about this person several times a day, and they are happy thoughts that possibly make your heart beat faster, then you probably like them.
Think how often you laugh at their jokes etc. When you like someone, you will find yourself laughing at things even if they aren't that funny. This is a natural attempt to make them feel appreciated.
If the one conversation between you and the person is stuck in you head and you cant stop telling people about it. this means it was important to you, and you probably like the person.
Consider how much you try to be near them. If you've planned your walking speed to catch a glimpse of them as many times of the day as possible, there is a good reason for that.
Think about how you feel if you touch him or her, by accident or on purpose. If you're still thinking about brushing shoulders several hours ago in school, then that is a special thought and you probably like them.
If you feel you're ready for a relationship, and are confident enough for a positive response, then just go ahead and ask them out. If you're unsure of their feelings for you, there are several wikihows on how to tell if someone likes you.  (+ info)

I have cerebellar Degeneration What does that mean & Is it bad?

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I'v had it for about 10 years now, im in a wheelchair, It made me worse by time to time. Im just wondering if the condition is bad? When i say 'BAD" I mean cause of death?
I am so sorry to say that, anything degenerative in your brain is bad. It really can cause death since it affects your brain. Don't lose hope, just pray and God can do miracles. You should also ask you doctor about the most possible way to somewhat delay the process if not stop. Good luck. ♥☺♥  (+ info)

Cerebellar ataxia as a result of severe head injury?

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I know that genetic/hereditary forms of ataxia are usually progressive...What about ataxia caused by a head injury? Does it get worse or stay the same? Any general information on this type of cerebellar ataxia is very much appreciated. Thanks!!
Once the damage is done its done and should not progress unless more damage occurs such as a rebleed or new infarct in that area. Physical therapy may improve the symptoms.  (+ info)

term used to describe benign neoplasms made up of neurons and nerve fibers is a?

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need some help with my h.w.
thanks!
Neuroma

In the foot, check out this site...
http://www.footphysicians.com/footankleinfo/mortons-neuroma.htm  (+ info)

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