1/5. Linear spiradenoma with focal malignant transformation.Malignant spiradenoma is an exceedingly rare adnexal tumour clinically characterized by rapid enlargement of a pre-existing, long-standing benign spiradenoma. Microscopic examination typically reveals a continuum between benign spiradenoma and areas of malignant transformation. Biological behaviour is unpredictable and it should be regarded as a potentially lethal neoplasm. Treatment recommendations require radical surgical excision. The reported case of a 23-year-old female illustrates the malignant transformation of a 1.5 cm nodule within a large linear spiradenoma almost covering the frontal aspect of the lower leg. In reviewing the literature, malignant transformation seems to occur slightly more often in multiple than in solitary spiradenomas. It is unclear whether excision restricted to the malignant area is an advisable treatment option in comparison to total excision of all spiradenoma nodules. In the presented case, the transformed area was excised. The patient is free of recurrence after 2 years.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. Dermal eccrine cylindroma (turban tumour).Dermal eccrine cylindroma, or turban tumour, is a rare benign tumour of the eccrine sweat glands. Despite its histologically benign behaviour, the disease process is distressing for the patients. We present our experience of this condition, with a review of the literature, and recommend a treatment protocol for the disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. carcinoma of the apocrine glands at the base of eyelashes; a case report and discussion of histological diagnostic criteria.A review of the literature has been undertaken and the diagnostic criteria relating to this group of carcinomas found to be misleading. We encourage the reporting of all cases of apocrine carcinoma in order to draw valid conclusions regarding the behaviour and management of these unusual tumours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Papillary eccrine adenoma--a case of cutaneous sweat gland tumor with secretory and ductular differentiation.We report a case of the papillary tubular adenoma (PTA) with histological features of differentiation toward secretory and ductal portions of the eccrine gland (papillary eccrine adenoma). The papillary eccrine adenoma (PEA) is a rare benign adnexal neoplasm of the skin characterised by confined growth; however, in some cases it may present a locally aggressive behaviour. This tumor has a unique histopathological appearance, but sometimes the differential diagnosis with other malignant adnexal neoplasms may be difficult and become a source of excessive surgical procedures. We emphasized the need of the assessment of the whole arrangement of the tumor (symmetry, perpendicularity of its long axis to the epidermis, its own fibrous stroma well separated from the surrounding dermis), which prevents the diagnostic pitfalls with adnexal cutaneous carcinomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. Polymorphous sweat gland carcinoma.We describe nine cases of a distinctive cutaneous neoplasm showing features of eccrine adnexal differentiation that were characterized by their variegated histological appearance and low-grade malignant behaviour. The term polymorphous sweat gland carcinoma is proposed to designate these lesions. The tumours presented as large, long-standing, slow growing, dermal nodules showing a marked predilection for the extremities. Six patients were women. The patients were aged 42-70 years (mean, 59.8 years). Histologically, the lesions were characterized by a highly cellular proliferation displaying a variety of growth patterns, including solid, trabecular, tubular, pseudopapillary and cylindromatous, with prominent stromal changes including haemorrhage, hyalinization and cystic change, and displaying moderate cytological atypia and mitoses. Focal areas showing features associated with eccrine differentiation (i.e. tubular structures, small glandular lumina) could be identified in all cases. Clinical follow-up in six cases showed that two of the lesions recurred locally over a period of 3-6 years, and one tumour metastasized to regional lymph nodes 3 years after excision. Polymorphous sweat gland carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neoplastic epithelial dermal proliferations; complete but conservative surgical excision appears to be the treatment of choice for these lesions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |