Cases reported "Spinal Stenosis"

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1/73. A case of cervical myelopathy with developmental canal stenosis at the level of the atlas. A case report.

    The craniocervical junction is one of the most common sites of malformations. Only three cases of myelopathy due to hypoplasia of atlas have been reported previously. Among these malformations, the hypoplasia of atlas was first described by Wackenheim in 1974. Although developmental canal stenosis due to the hypoplasia of atlas seems to have a tendency of causing the cervical myelopathy, only three cases of cervical myelopathy due to this condition have been reported previously. A 77-year-old man with severe canal stenosis at the level of the atlas is reported. The clinical manifestations were 20-year history of progressive gait disturbance and paresis of both upper and lower extremities. The spinal cord was markedly compressed at the level of the atlas. The clinical manifestations improved after a resection of posterior arch of the atlas.
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2/73. Nerve root herniation secondary to lumbar puncture in the patient with lumbar canal stenosis. A case report.

    STUDY DESIGN: A very rare case of nerve root herniation secondary to lumbar puncture is reported. OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristic clinical features of this case and to discuss a mechanism of the nerve root herniation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There has been no previous report of nerve root herniation secondary to lumbar puncture. methods: A 66-year-old woman who experienced intermittent claudication as a result of sciatic pain on her right side was evaluated by radiography and magnetic resonance imaging, the results of which demonstrated central-type canal stenosis at L4-L5. The right sciatic pain was exacerbated after lumbar puncture. myelography and subsequent computed tomography showed marked stenosis of the thecal sac that was eccentric to the left, unlike the previous magnetic resonance imaging finding. RESULTS: At surgery, a herniated nerve root was found through a small rent of the dorsocentral portion of the thecal sac at L4-L5, presenting a loop with epineural bleeding. The herniated nerve root was put back into the intrathecal space, and the dural tear was repaired. CONCLUSION: Lumbar puncture can be a cause of nerve root herniation in cases of lumbar canal stenosis. The puncture should not be carried out at an area of stenosis.
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ranking = 22.021989805492
keywords = back
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3/73. spinal canal stenosis at the level of axis.

    We describe a rare case of marked segmental stenosis of the axis secondary to developmental hypertrophy of the posterior neural arch causing severe neck pain and headache in the occipital region. The patient made a remarkable recovery following decompressive laminectomy and foraminal decompression.
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keywords = headache
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4/73. Sterile, benign radiculitis associated with lumbosacral lateral recess spinal canal stenosis: evaluation with enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

    Two cases of symptomatic lumbar lateral recess stenosis are described in which the compressed nerve root became focally enhanced on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies performed with gadolinium dtpa. Two men with low back pain and lumbar radiculopathy were examined with contrast-enhanced MRI studies, which showed intradural enhancement of the symptomatic nerve roots. In selected cases of lateral recess stenosis, focal radicular injury may be visualized on enhanced MRI as a result of a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier.
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ranking = 247.02198980549
keywords = back pain, back
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5/73. Unusual facet cyst containing struvite and hydroxyapatite.

    This case report describes a patient with severe back pain and radiculopathy. She was found to have a facet cyst within the lumbar spine that appeared to contain calcium on MRI and CT. Upon aspiration the cyst was found to contain calcium ammonium phosphate (struvite) and calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite). ammonia production in the presence of urease-producing bacteria is responsible for the production of struvite in the human body. We postulate that there was a prior infection of the facet with urease-producing bacteria, thus accounting for the production of the struvite within the facet cyst.
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ranking = 247.02198980549
keywords = back pain, back
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6/73. chiropractic management of a patient with lumbar spinal stenosis.

    OBJECTIVES: To discuss the case of a patient with severe, multilevel central canal stenosis who was managed conservatively with flexion-distraction manipulation; to introduce a cautious approach to the application of treatment, which can reduce the risk of adverse effects and might make an apprehensive doctor more comfortable treating this condition; and to propose a theoretic mechanism for relief of symptoms through use of chiropractic manipulation. Clinical Features: A 78-year-old man had low back pain and severe bilateral leg pains. Objective findings were minimal, yet magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated severe degenerative lumbar stenosis at L3-L4 and L4-L5 and to a lesser degree at L2-L3. Intervention and Outcome: Flexion-distraction manipulation of the lumbar spine was performed. Incremental increases in traction forces were applied as the patient responded positively to care. He experienced a decrease in the frequency and intensity of his leg symptoms and a resolution of his low back pain. These improvements were maintained at a 5-month follow-up visit. CONCLUSION: Successful management of symptoms either caused by or complicated by lumbar spinal stenosis is presented. Manipulation of the spine shows promise for relief of symptoms through improving spinal biomechanics. Further study in the form of a randomized clinical trial is warranted.
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ranking = 494.04397961098
keywords = back pain, back
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7/73. Congenital midline cleft of the posterior arch of atlas: a rare cause of symptomatic cervical canal stenosis.

    Developmental symptomatic C1 canal stenosis is very rare. We describe the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances in a 8-year-old child who presented with progressive upper and lower limb neurological symptoms and in whom imaging revealed the medial posterior hemiarches of a bifid C1 to be inturned and compressing the cervical cord. This particular configuration of the posterior arch of atlas is frequently associated with other craniocervical bony anomalies and presents with neurological symptoms early in life. Early CT or MRI examination of patients with symptomatic posterior arch of C1 defects is necessary, in order to detect such an appearance, since surgical treatment may prevent neurological deterioration.
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8/73. The role of acute decompression and restoration of spinal alignment in the prevention of post-traumatic syringomyelia: case report and review of recent literature.

    STUDY DESIGN: Case report. INTRODUCTION: Acute post-traumatic syringomyelia formation after spinal cord injury has been considered a rare complication. At this writing, most recent reports have surfaced in neurosurgical journals. As an entity, post-traumatic syringomyelia has not been widely appreciated. It has been confused with conditions such as Hansen's disease or ulnar nerve compression at the cubital tunnel. One study also demonstrated that the occurrence of syrinx is significantly correlated with spinal stenosis after treatment, and that an inadequate reduction of the spine may lead to the formation of syrinx. This reported case describes a patient in whom post-traumatic syringomyelia began to develop 3 weeks after injury, which improved neurologically after adequate decompression. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A 30-year-old man sustained a 20-foot fall at work. He presented with a complete spinal cord injury below T4 secondary to a T4 fracture dislocation. The patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation of T1-T8. After 3 weeks, the patient was noted to have ascending weakness in his bilateral upper extremities and some clawing of both hands. methods: A computed tomography myelogram demonstrated inability of contrast to pass through the T4-T5 region from a lumbar puncture. An incomplete reduction was noted. The canal showed significant stenosis. A magnetic resonance image of the patient's C-spine showed increased signal in the substance of the cord extending into the C1-C2 area. The patient returned to the operating room for T3-T5 decompressive laminectomy and posterolateral decompression including the pedicles, disc, and posterior aspect of the body. Intraoperative ultrasound monitoring showed a good flow of cerebrospinal fluid past the injured segment. RESULTS: On postoperative day 1, the clawing posture of the patient's hands was significantly diminished, and the patient noted an immediate improvement in his hand and arm strength. Over the next few days, the patient's strength in the bilateral upper extremities increased to motor Grade 4/5 on manual testing. A magnetic resonance image 4 weeks after decompression showed significant improvement in the cord diameter and signal. CONCLUSIONS: Post-traumatic syringomyelia has not been reported at so early a stage after injury. This disorder is an important clinical entity that must be recognized to prevent potentially fatal or devastating complications. As evidenced by the reported patient and the literature, if this disorder is discovered and treated early, permanent deficit can be avoided. The prevention of post-traumatic syringomyelia requires anatomic realignment and stabilization of the spine without stenosis, even in the case of complete injuries, to maintain the proper dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid flow.
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9/73. "Spinolith": case report of a loose body in the spinal canal.

    STUDY DESIGN: Case report. A hitherto unreported finding of a bony loose body found lying in the spinal canal causing spinal canal stenosis is presented. SUMMARY OF CLINICAL DETAILS: A 68-year-old, fit man presented with a history of progressive neurologic claudication and neurologic deficit in both his lower limbs. Clinical examination revealed excellent range of movements in his lumbar spine and bilaterally normal straight leg raising. He had no significant pain in his back. neurologic examination showed affection of L5 and S1 dermatomes and myotomes bilaterally. magnetic resonance imaging scan showed severe localized lumbar spinal stenosis at L4-L5. In the absence of any obvious pathology on the scan, it was presumed that the stenosis was the result of infolding of the redundant ligamentum flavum. His walking distance and neurologic deficit continued to deteriorate, although sphincters were not involved. He underwent a posterior spinal decompression of L4-L5. On performing the laminectomy an ovoid and well-defined pearly white loose body was discovered lying loose in the spinal canal causing stenosis. Histologically, the loose body consisted of trabecular bone with areas of cartilage. The patient made a speedy recovery after surgery and was back to his previous level of activity within a month. DISCUSSION: Several different types of foreign body have been identified in the spinal canal. However, this case of an autologous loose body in the spinal canal causing symptomatic canal stenosis is unique. Because the authors could not identify the source of this loose body, they have termed it "spinolith."
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ranking = 44.043979610985
keywords = back
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10/73. Traumatic cervical central cord syndrome due to intramedullary hemorrhage studied with MRI: case presentation.

    Cervical central cord syndrome is characterized by disproportionately greater motor impairment of the upper than the lower extremities, predominantly distal motor dysfunction, varying degrees of sensory abnormalities, and bladder dysfunction. Although the original description stated that intramedullary hemorrhage is a possible cause of traumatic cervical central cord syndrome, recent studies have not demonstrated its presence on the basis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or pathological evidence. The authors describe and discuss a case of traumatic central cervical cord syndrome studied with MRI, which presented intramedullary hemorrhage. This supports hemorrhage as a possible cause of traumatic cervical central cord syndrome.
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