Cases reported "Sepsis"

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1/30. staphylococcus aureus septicaemia in a patient with cystic fibrosis.

    Although bacterial colonisation of bronchi may occur from early childhood onwards, infections extending beyond the lungs are uncommon in patients with cystic fibrosis. A 12-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis, receiving oral corticosteroids for 3 weeks because of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, experienced pneumonia and septicaemia caused by staphylococcus aureus. He was treated with flucloxacillin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, aztreonam, cefazolin and rifampin according to resistance testing of S. aureus cultured from the blood. On day 25 the patient finally had recovered. CONCLUSION: Systemic steroid therapy for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis may favour life-threatening systemic bacterial infection which is rare in the immunocompetent patient with cystic fibrosis.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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2/30. Congenital penoscrotal lymphedema complicated by sepsis associated with a streptococcal infection.

    Congenital lymphedema is a relatively rare disease caused by congenital abnormality of the lymphatic system. Although bacterial infection frequently causes complications with lymphedema, severe sepsis in congenital lymphedema of the genitalia has not yet been reported. We describe a patient with congenital penoscrotal lymphedema complicated by cellulitis, lymphangitis, and severe sepsis associated with a streptococcal infection. This case represents the importance of obtaining a detailed clinical history and physical findings.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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3/30. meningococcal infections and meningitis: what is new?

    Meningococcal infection is one of the very few severe bacterial infections, in this era, that still can kill a relatively healthy child within minutes. Fortunately, it is a relatively rare disease. Rural practitioners may see one affected child once every 2-3 years, but once seen they will never forget it. The present article gives some examples of case scenarios along with a brief overview of the problem, with emphasis on early diagnosis, prevention and possible future developments.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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4/30. cocaine-associated abscesses with lethal sepsis after splenic infarction in an 17-year-old woman.

    Well known complications related to cocaine use are myocardial insufficiency, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, aortic dissection, neurologic damages, ischemic colitis, thrombotic phenomenons, renal infarction and acute liver failure. Cases of splenic infarctions related to cocaine use are extremely rare. A 17-year-old drug addict was found by her boy-friend liveless in her bed. She was well known using cocaine since years. autopsy revealed multiple splenic infarctions with secondary mixed bacterial infection and abscesses. Petechial bleedings were found and microabscesses in the myocardium, the meninges and the kidneys. The absolutely rare bacterial infection of the cocaine-associated splenic infarction leads to sepsis with lethal course.
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ranking = 2
keywords = bacterial infection
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5/30. Chron's disease, rare association with selective IgA immunodeficiency, and development of life-threatening bacterial infections.

    life-threatening necrotizing fasciitis and relapsing lemierre syndrome associated with fusobacterium necrophorum septicaemia occurred in young adults with a moderate Chron's disease and a missed profound iga deficiency. This unexpected association of a chronic bowel inflammatory syndrome with prominent IgA abnormalities and severe bacterial infection deserves careful attention by physicians faced with young patients with Chron's disease.
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ranking = 5
keywords = bacterial infection
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6/30. Necrotizing fasciitis in a child: a rare complication of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

    In nephrotic syndrome there is an increased tendency for bacterial infections due to immunological changes secondary to proteinuria, treatment (including steroids), and other as yet unknown causes. However, necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is an uncommon complication of the disease and has rarely been reported in nephrotic children. We report a 14-month-old boy with nephrotic syndrome who developed sepsis and NF as a complication. He was treated successfully with intensive medical and surgical treatment.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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7/30. Fatal bacterial infections associated with platelet transfusions--united states, 2004.

    Each year, approximately 9 million platelet-unit concentrates are transfused in the united states; an estimated one in 1,000-3,000 platelet units are contaminated with bacteria, resulting in transfusion-associated sepsis in many recipients. To reduce this risk, AABB (formerly the American association of blood banks) adopted a new standard on March 1, 2004, that requires member blood banks and transfusion services to implement measures to detect and limit bacterial contamination in all platelet components. This report summarizes two fatal cases of transfusion-associated sepsis in platelet recipients in 2004 and describes results of a 2004 survey of infectious-disease consultants regarding their knowledge of transfusion-associated bacterial infections and the new AABB standard. health-care providers should be aware of the new standard and the need for bacterial testing of platelets to improve transfusion safety. However, health-care providers also should be able to diagnose transfusion-associated infections, because even when testing complies with the new standard, false negatives can occur and fatal bacterial sepsis can result.
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ranking = 5
keywords = bacterial infection
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8/30. Emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcal skin flora in immunocompromised patients receiving ciprofloxacin.

    Seven septicemias in neutropenic leukemia patients (two with fatal outcome) caused by ciprofloxacin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci were diagnosed in the hematologic unit of Turku University Central Hospital in 1988 soon after the introduction of the drug. coagulase-negative staphylococcal skin flora of 28 neutropenic patients receiving ciprofloxacin prophylaxis and therapy for gram-negative bacterial infections were compared with those of 31 untreated patients and 33 hospital personnel working in the same unit. In ciprofloxacin-treated patients the flora were almost completely ciprofloxacin-resistant, whereas in the control groups resistant flora were detected only occasionally. Similarities in the plasmid profile patterns were found in 91% of the ciprofloxacin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, suggesting an epidemiologic relation between these strains. It seems evident that cross-infection is responsible for the spread of ciprofloxacin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci in these patients.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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9/30. Capnophilic and anaerobic bacteremia in neutropenic patients: an oral source.

    The currently accepted empiric antibiotic therapy for bacterial infections in neutropenic patients may not cover the possibility of capnophilic and anaerobic bacteremia. Many of these infections develop in patients with severe mucositis or periodontitis, and the type of organisms recovered also suggests an oral source of infection. We present two cases of bacteremia in neutropenic patients who had been empirically treated with ceftazidime and piperacillin plus amikacin. In the first case a beta-lactamase-producing strain of capnocytophaga ochracea was isolated; in the second case bacteremia was due to a mixture of leptotrichia buccalis and fusobacterium nucleatum. These observations emphasize the necessity for a reevaluation of the possible use of antimicrobial agents active against beta-lactamase-producing capnophilic organisms and anaerobic bacteria during empiric therapy in neutropenic patients with an oral source of infection.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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10/30. Overwhelming pneumococcal bacteraemia in systemic lupus erythematosus.

    An 18 year old woman presented with fulminant pneumococcal bacteraemia and subsequently died with multisystem organ failure. A search for diseases predisposing to overwhelming encapsulated bacterial infections was negative except for previously undiagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This case emphasises the severity of immune system dysfunction in some patients with SLE, regardless of immunosuppressive treatment. The possible relation between Fc receptor dysfunction and pneumococcal bacteraemia in SLE is discussed.
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ranking = 1
keywords = bacterial infection
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