1/15. Beaver fever--a rare cause of reactive arthritis.giardia lamblia infection is rarely associated with adult reactive arthritis. We report the first North American case and review the pediatric and adult literature to date. Antimicrobial treatment is essential to eradicate the parasite and control the arthritis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/15. Two cases of tinea corporis by infection from a rabbit with Arthroderma benhamiae.The first cases of tinea corporis with Arthroderma benhamiae in japan are reported. A 7-year-old girl and a 30-year-old mother in Shimane prefecture suffered from dermatophyte infections on the neck, shoulder, arms and leg. Three isolates from the two patients and a rabbit by which they supposedly were infected, were identified as trichophyton mentagrophytes. On the bases of mating tests using the tester strains of both the African race and the Americano-European race of A. benhamiae, they were identified as A. benhamiae African race mating type (-). Our results are the first to indicate that both races of A. benhamiae exist in japan.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/15. The incubation period of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.In 1993 sin nombre virus was recognized as the cause of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) was identified as the reservoir host. Surveillance by the Centers for disease Control and Prevention and state health departments includes investigation to determine the likely site(s) and activities that led to infection, an environmental assessment of the home and workplace, and possibly rodent trappings at these sites. As of December 31, 1998, there were 200 confirmed cases from 30 states (43% case-fatality ratio). The national HPS case registry was examined to determine the incubation period of HPS. review of 11 case-patients with well-defined and isolated exposure to rodents suggests that the incubation period of HPS is 9 to 33 days, with a median of 14-17 days. Case investigations allow a better understanding of the incubation time of HPS and may define high-risk behaviors that can be targeted for intervention.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/15. Soft tissue and cartilage infection by Salmonella oranienburg in a healthy girl.Focal extraintestinal infections from nontyphoid salmonellae have increased in incidence during the past decade. Typically, they are manifested as either osteomyelitis or meningitis as a complication of either bacteremia or enteric fever. Isolated salmonellal soft tissue infections, however, are rare and occur mostly in adults with chronic underlying conditions such as human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, diabetes mellitus, and cell-mediated immunity defects. We report a case of an otherwise healthy adolescent who was exposed to a guinea pig with a skin mass. She subsequently had an isolated soft tissue infection with cartilaginous involvement of the anterior chest wall due to salmonella enterica serogroup C1 (bioserotype oranienburg).- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/15. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the State of Sao Paulo, brazil, 1993-1998.Between 1993 and 1998, 10 cases of clinical hantavirus infection were diagnosed in brazil. Hantavirus-specific IgM, or positive immunohistochemical analysis for hantavirus antigen, or positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results for hantavirus rna were used to confirm nine of these cases; eight were hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), and one was mild hantavirus disease. The remaining clinical case of hantavirus infection was fatal, and no tissue was available to confirm the diagnosis. During the first 7 months of 1998, five fatal HPS cases caused by a Sin Nombre-like virus were reported from three different regions in the State of Sao Paulo, brazil: two in March (Presidente Prudente Region), two in May (Ribeirao Preto Region), and one in July (Itapecerica da Serra Region). Epidemiologic, ecologic, and serologic surveys were conducted among case contacts, area residents, and captured rodents in five locations within the State of Sao Paulo in June of 1998. Six (4.8%) of 125 case contacts and six (5.2%) of 116 area residents had IgG antibody to sin nombre virus (SNV) antigen. No case contacts had a history of HPS-compatible illness, and only one area resident reported a previous acute respiratory illness. A total of 403 rodents were captured during 9 nights of trapping (1969 trap nights). All 27 rodents that were found to be positive for IgG antibody to SNV antigen were captured in crop border and extensively deforested agricultural areas where four of the 1998 HPS case-patients had recently worked. The IgG antibody prevalence data for rodents suggest that Bolomys lasiurus and perhaps Akodon sp. are potential hantavirus reservoirs in this state of brazil.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/15. Occurrence of renal and pulmonary syndrome in a region of northeast germany where Tula hantavirus circulates.Hantavirus species Tula (TULV) is carried by European common voles (Microtus spp.). Its pathogenic potential for humans is unknown. In a rural region of northeast germany, a 43-year-old man became ill with fever, renal syndrome, and pneumonia. Typing of late acute- and convalescent-phase sera by focus reduction neutralization assay revealed the presence of neutralizing antibodies against TULV. Moreover, we detected TULV genetic material in Microtus arvalis animals that were trapped at places only a few kilometers from the home village of the patient. Phylogenetic analysis of completely sequenced genomic S segments from three virus strains grouped them within a third genetic lineage of the TULV species. This is the first case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and pulmonary involvement which can be associated with TULV infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/15. rabies virus infection in a pet guinea pig and seven pet rabbits.Raccoon-variant rabies was confirmed in 7 pet rabbits and 1 pet guinea pig in new york State, and postexposure treatment was required in several adults and children. To prevent rabies virus infection, domestic rabbits and pet rodents should be protected from contact with wild animals, including double-cage housing when housed outside. Pet rabbits or rodents with any possible contact with a wild animal, particularly if the rabbit or rodent had wounds of unknown origin, should be quarantined for 6 months for observation, to prevent escape, and to avoid contact with humans, who will require treatment if the rabbit or rodent develops rabies. Bites and scratches to humans from rodents and lagomorphs should be evaluated for potential rabies exposure on an individual basis, with consideration of whether the animal was caged outside or permitted outdoors unsupervised.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/15. Rat bite fever caused by streptobacillus moniliformis in a child: human infection and rat carriage diagnosed by PCR.A child owning pet rats developed an eruptive fever with blisters, polyarthritis, and spectacular desquamation of the hands. streptobacillus moniliformis was identified after culture of the child's blister fluid and was detected in rat samples by molecular methods. Such detection in the pet of a human victim of rat bite fever has not been reported previously.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/15. Cowpoxvirus infection in the Patagonian cavy (Dolichotis patagonum) emerging disease in an educational animal park the first reported case.Generalized cowpox infection in the Patagonian cavy may represent a threat to the health of immunocompromised persons. We report the first case of cowpoxvirus infection in the Patagonian cavy in an educational animal park. The mara developed extensive pox lesions, shedding large amounts of viral particles. The ending of vaccination programmes against smallpox in the late 1970's may lead to an increase in susceptibility of humans to zoonotic poxviruses.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/15. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis outbreak associated with nude mice in a research institute.OBJECTIVE--After an employee at a cancer research institute was diagnosed with lymphocytic choriomeningitis, an investigation was performed to determine the extent of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infections among the institute's employees and to identify risk factors for infection. DESIGN--Retrospective cohort study. SETTING--A US cancer research institute. PARTICIPANTS--Eighty-two of 90 institute employees. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--serum LCMV antibodies. RESULTS--Seven workers (9%) with definite LCMV infection (LCMV IgG antibody titer greater than or equal to 16) and one worker (1%) with probable infection (IgG titer = 8) were identified (10% overall seroprevalence). All infected employees handled animals or animal tissues and were more likely than other animal handlers to have worked with nude mice (Mus musculus) (P less than .02). Among the 31 employees who worked with nude mice at the institute, infected workers were more likely to clean the cages of nude mice (P much less than .001), change their bedding (P less than .01), and change their water (P less than .001). The institute had been injecting nude mice with LCMV-infected tumor cell lines and had recently increased the nude mouse population and the duration of experiments. These changes would have increased the LCMV burden at the facility and were temporally associated with the cluster of LCMV infections in employees. CONCLUSIONS--This LCMV outbreak, the first reported since 1974, is the first associated with nude mice. It illustrates the ongoing hazard LCMV poses in research laboratories. Since the symptoms of LCMV infection can be nonspecific, clinicians should consider this diagnosis in ill patients who report laboratory rodent exposure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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